A Further Evaluation of Response Cards: Teaching Direct Care Staff Basic Behavioral Principles

Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of response cards for teaching students in educational settings; however, the effectiveness of response cards has yet to be examined in organizational settings where such strategies may be very useful (i.e., in staff training). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of response cards during in-service training to teach basic behavioral principles to direct care staff working in a human service setting. Results indicated that individuals who received the response card training participated more during training and were able to retain more information over time relative to those who received a standard in-service training.     

Systematizing Knowledge of User Influence – A Study of User Advisory Boards in Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services

While there is a great deal of interest in, and literature describing user influence in mental health and substance abuse services at the individual level, there are fewer studies of collective user influence at the organizational level. This article presents the findings of a study of the development of user advisory councils in regional organizations providing substance abuse services, which were part of a national implementation project in Sweden. A survey of both users and professionals involved in the local projects, in addition to interviews with key actors at the national level, were completed and analyzed with reference to the results of a literature review. The overall aim of the study was to identify obstacles and success factors related to the development of collective user influence at the programme and system levels. The results indicated that there was an overwhelmingly positive attitude towards experience‐based knowledge and the potential for developing formal, collective user influence in these organizations. Users and professionals had common viewpoints regarding the obstacles and success factors, which included: addressing power relations, establishing legitimacy, assigning resources, investing in sustainability and planning for real participation. They were also substantially in agreement as to the strategies that would be needed in the future in order to move from ideology to action. These factors form the basis for a model that might be used to support the systematic implementation of this type of organized user influence.     

Dynamic performance assessment of bus transit with the multi-activity network structure

This paper proposes a multi-activity dynamic network data envelopment analysis model that combines the multi-activity, network and dynamic DEA models to assess the performance in terms of individual activities, individual processes, individual periods and overall operation. The main advantage of this model is that the linkages among activities and processes, the shared inputs among activities and processes, and the carry-over items among periods are included in a unified model. It can provide more appropriate performance measures. An empirical application of 20 bus transit firms in Taiwan for the period 2004–2012 is provided. Based on the operational characteristics of bus transit firms, both desirable and undesirable outputs are also incorporated into this model. The results show that none of the bus transit firms was effective in terms of the operational effectiveness, and the sources of operational ineffectiveness among bus transit firms were different. Over the period 2004–2012, the period-operational effectiveness scores maintained stable variance, the period efficiencies of highway and urban bus services appeared to have similar patterns, and transit bus firms performed well in the consumption process.     

Child welfare services in the United States and Sweden: different assumptions, laws and outcomes

The child welfare systems in Sweden and the United States were dramatically reformed beginning in the early 1980s. After 10 years, the different results of these reforms are quite striking. These child welfare systems have different methods for preserving families in crisis; different assumptions about the roles of birth parents, foster parents, and adoptive parents; and different goals for children who will not go home. Each of these areas is explored and recommendations made for re-examining child welfare services in both countries.     

The Challenge of the Care Workforce: Recent Trends and Emerging problems

This paper examines the paid care workforce in community services in Australia. Focusing on people employed in direct service delivery roles, I use unpublished data from the Censuses of 1996 and 2001 to document some important characteristics of the care workforce in community services, in which a large minority of care workers are employed in this country. International research has established that paid care workers suffer considerable labour market disadvantage. The paper presents evidence of deinstitutionalisation, deprofessionalisation, functional underemployment, and relatively poor pay for care workers in community service industries, which suggests that problems identified in other English‐speaking countries are also evident in Australia. I conclude by discussing the policy implications of these trends, and by raising some questions for workforce planning.     

Qα△(T~n)时两源不可逆热机的基本优化关系

本文在给定内不可逆性的基础上,研究了Qα△(T~n)时,两种循环工况下不可逆卡诺循环的输出功率与效率间的基本优化关系。结果表明与内可逆卡诺循环有相同吸、放热时间的不可逆卡诺循环的优化关系最佳;讨论说明这一优化关系是线性、非线性传热,内可逆与内不可逆多种情况满足的普遍关系。     

完全经济效益的几个关系研究

在文献［１～４］基础上，进一步研究了完全经济效益与直接经济效益、产出、最终产品之间的相互关系，由此揭示出国民经济各部门之间的一些深层联系。     

中国创新产出的空间分布特征与成因

1994-2002年中国各省区专利授权量的统计分析表明,中国创新产出具有明显的空间分布特征.对这一特征成因的行为生态学分析和基于panel-data的实证研究结果显示,政府R&D投入水平和区域FDI规模等生境因素是中国创新产出空间分布特征的重要影响因素,而人均GDP水平对创新产出的作用并不显著.     

电子图书的利用探讨

随着网络技术的迅速发展,电子图书在图书出版业引发了一场全新的革命,同时使传统图书馆的图书收藏方式和使用面临挑战。文章从电子图书的特点出发,阐述了国内外电子图书的的发展状况,列举和分析了目前获取和利用电子图书的各种方式,同时对未来电子图书的发展目标提出了看法。     

山西科技发展状况实证分析

本文简要介绍了山西省科技投入与产出情况 ,重点从科技投入方面、科技产出方面以及科技在促进经济发展方面分析了山西科技与其它省区的差距 ,最后从科技投入、项目评审、经费管理等角度分析了山西科技落后的原因。