诈欺不法原因给付财物与利益之刑法分析

诈欺基于不法原因给付的财物或者财产性利益的场合下是否成立诈骗罪,德国、日本和我国的立法、判例和学说都有所不同。在诈欺的对象是财物的场合下,基于不法原因给付的财物在因诈欺行为交付之前,也是民事法上保护的对象等原因,应当肯定诈骗罪的成立。在诈欺的对象是财产性利益的场合下,不法利益本身并非民事法上应当得到保护的利益,不应得到刑法保护,应否定财产罪的成立。     

The European delay in transition to parenthood: the Italian case

A delay in the transition to parenthood is common to all European countries, but Mediterranean and North European young people follow different pathways of transition to adulthood, which are described in the article. Since 2003, we have conducted four social inquiries in Italian urban contexts involving male and female young people with and without children and the article is therefore focused on Italy. The principal purpose of this research programme is to interpret the determinants of the Italian phenomenon of delaying the birth of the first child. The interpretative axes for conceptualizing the problem are intergender and intergenerational comparisons. In particular, the results of these inquiries indicate that in Italy the delay of the parenthood transition is linked to the policy-makers' ‘delay’ in realizing that the decision to postpone having children is not strongly linked to any ‘crisis of family values’. The real problem is that since the beginning of the twentieth century, the present younger generation is the first to suffer from a general decrease in social opportunities as compared with the previous one. The mechanism is illustrated by Bourdieu: the new generation's members continue to form their life expectations on the basis of their parents' situations without considering the changes in conditions (e.g. inflation of study titles) that restrict their access to social resources. According to our results, the delay in the assumption of the parental role is an unintentional effect of a set of intentional actions aimed at creating and consolidating life conditions supporting self-realization. ‘Delayers’ continually try to resist the distressing sensations of precariousness, instability, vulnerability and uncertainty recognized by influential sociologists as distinctive features of contemporary life. Consequently, the delay in the family-building process takes on an active connotation: the attempt is to fill the gap in life chances related to gender and generational memberships. The last part of the article is dedicated to a comparison of European countries' social policies in support of parenthood.     

航空武器装备项目延期原因及对策研究

在分析航空武器装备项目中常见的“返工”现象的基础上,分析了引起航空武器装备项目延期的主要原因,针对这些原因提出解决的对策,并针对耦合型作业引入一种异于并行工程的全新的解决思路。     

二阶非线性时滞微分方程解的渐近性

本文建立了二阶非线性时滞微分方程解的渐近性结果及全局吸引定理,改进和推广了二阶线性方程和一阶非线性方程的已知定理。     

单模光纤的极化模式色散及其测量

本文分析了实用单模光纤的极化模式色散及其测量方法。在实用单模光纤中,由于双折射现象导致两个正交极化模式在传榆过程中改变极化方向并产生时延差即色散,从而使光波脉冲展宽,产生误码,因此限制了光纤的通道容量和传输距离。     

个人所得税代扣代缴中的问题与改革

个人所得税(简称"个税")偷漏现象十分普遍,已演化成一个重大的社会问题,造成此现状的原因既有体制和管理问题,也有居民纳税意识淡薄、法律约束机制不强等因素,因此改革现行税制,树立居民自觉纳税意识,规范"个税"代扣代缴方式,建立纳税人、代扣人、征管人的激励与约束机制,转变税务部门工作方式方法成为当前"个税" 改革的重要课题.     

转移支付与公共品均等化分析

 基于1995-2004年间省级面板数据的估计结果显示，税收返回对各地的城乡公共品差距扩大起了强化作用，财力性转移支付和专项转移支付对各地城乡公共品差距的缩小作用不大；转移支付规模的公共品因素考虑不合理；最后，提出了相关的政策建议。     

我国企业开展电子商务的障碍分析

本文运用辨证唯物主义的观点对我国企业开展电子商务的障碍从内因和外因两个方面进行阐述 ,作为电子商务主体的企业 ,其内在动因不足才是我国企业电子商务发展缓慢的根本原因所在 ,即内部障碍 ,主要表现为组织结构转型的困难及企业目标与个人目标的冲突等方面 ;企业的外部环境因素如安全认证 ,支付系统等的缺乏和不完善又构成企业电子商务发展的外部障碍     

劳动合同解除之经济补偿金法律制度研究

针对现行《劳动合同法》中关于经济补偿金的立法规定存在的问题,通过价值判断分析法和逻辑与语义分析得出结论,认为经济补偿的范围应该扩大,标准和方式应该完善,应明确协议解除劳动合同时经济补偿金的支付条件,完善用人单位单方解除条件的规定。     

音频回放延迟算法的研究

根据Internet网上实时音频传输目前存在的问题，提出一种音频回放延迟改进算法，能较好地自适应改变主机级的延迟，以改善回放的语音质量。