跨国公司R＆D的全球性扩张：动因·特征·影响及对策

跨国公司进行全球性扩张,最为突出的表现是跨国公司R&D全球化趋势日益显现。跨国公司R&D的全球性扩张,既促进了我国经济的发展,提供了我国急需的资金和技术,增强了国内企业的竞争意识和国际竞争力,但同时对我国国家经济安全构成严重的威胁和挑战。我们应采取有效措施,利用跨国公司R&D对我国经济的积极作用,限制跨国公司R&D对我国经济发展的负面影响,以保持中国经济的持续健康成长。     

高管薪酬激励、战略差异与企业研发投入

文章选取2013—2018年A股共计1221家制造业上市企业的数据为研究样本,实证检验了高管薪酬激励、战略差异与企业研发投入的关系。研究发现:高管薪酬激励、战略差异都能显著促进企业研发投入;战略差异能够显著抑制高管薪酬激励对企业研发投入的促进作用。文章不仅丰富了高管薪酬的研究,还为制定企业战略,加大创新力度提供了参考,同时也丰富了企业研发投入影响因素的研究。     

Choice of reinforcement rates and work rates with concurrent schedules

A constrained optimisation theory or choice in concurrent schedules of reinforcement is presented. The theory posits that subjects evaluate both reinforcement rates and the work rates required to produce them and select the most highly valued combination. The chosen reinforcement rate is obtained by efficiently allocating work rate across schedules. The theory provides a unified explanation for maximisation of the overall reinforcement rate, the law of least effort, choice under Conc FR FR, Conc VR VR. Conc VI VI and Conc VI VR schedules, and choice of work rate.     

我国制药企业技术创新

技术创新的能力和效率,是制约医药制造企业盈利能力的重要因素.针对我国制药企业因创新能力不足而影响竞争力的现状,提出了要在基础研究、应用研究和产业化等领域技术创新投入、增强企业与科研机构之间的合作、推进医药企业的产权多元化进程等多项对策和建议.     

研发人员心理契约的结构、内容和感知现状

通过对武汉和深圳两地8家企业160名研发人员的问卷调查,初步探索了研发人员的心理契约结构、内容和感知现状。探索性因子分析的结果表明,研发人员的心理契约由业绩报酬、生涯发展、以及工作/生活平衡三个维度构成。其具体内容与一般知识员工的心理契约有着明显的差异。     

立足"3R"打造矿难治理的准备构成

打造矿难治理的准备构成是一项复杂的、系统性的工作,也是坚持“以人为本”的科学发展观与构建和谐社会对矿业行业的具体要求。矿难因为涉及到人民的生命与财产安全,已成为制约我国经济社会可持续发展的瓶颈。导致矿难频发的重要原因在于矿难治理的准备机制不足,因此治理矿难频发关键要立足“3R”,即“备战、反应、关联”,打造矿难治理的准备构成体系,建立、健全我国矿难治理的长效准备机制。     

跨国公司研发国际化与中国世界制造中心成长

跨国公司研发活动国际化趋势日益加强,并呈现向发展中东道国集中的发展趋势。理论上讲,跨国公司研发国际化对发展中东道国的技术进步有正反两方面的影响。中国正处在世界制造基地向世界制造中心转变的过程中,应该积极发挥跨国公司研发国际化给中国技术进步带来的积极作用,提升中国制造业自主技术创新能力,实现向世界制造中心升级。     

ON THE COVERAGE PROBABILITY OF CONFIDENCE INTERVALS IN REGRESSION AFTER VARIABLE SELECTION

This paper considers a linear regression model with regression parameter vector β. The parameter of interest is θ= a^Tβ where a is specified. When, as a first step, a data‐based variable selection (e.g. minimum Akaike information criterion) is used to select a model, it is common statistical practice to then carry out inference about θ, using the same data, based on the (false) assumption that the selected model had been provided a priori. The paper considers a confidence interval for θ with nominal coverage 1 ‐ α constructed on this (false) assumption, and calls this the naive 1 ‐ α confidence interval. The minimum coverage probability of this confidence interval can be calculated for simple variable selection procedures involving only a single variable. However, the kinds of variable selection procedures used in practice are typically much more complicated. For the real‐life data presented in this paper, there are 20 variables each of which is to be either included or not, leading to 2²⁰ different models. The coverage probability at any given value of the parameters provides an upper bound on the minimum coverage probability of the naive confidence interval. This paper derives a new Monte Carlo simulation estimator of the coverage probability, which uses conditioning for variance reduction. For these real‐life data, the gain in efficiency of this Monte Carlo simulation due to conditioning ranged from 2 to 6. The paper also presents a simple one‐dimensional search strategy for parameter values at which the coverage probability is relatively small. For these real‐life data, this search leads to parameter values for which the coverage probability of the naive 0.95 confidence interval is 0.79 for variable selection using the Akaike information criterion and 0.70 for variable selection using Bayes information criterion, showing that these confidence intervals are completely inadequate.     

韩国新一轮产业结构调整及其对我国经济结构调整的启示

20世纪90年代以来,韩国经济发展速度放慢的一个重要原因,就是产业结构调整的滞后。目前,韩国正在进行新一轮的产业结构调整,并且初见成效。研究并借鉴韩国产业结构调整的得失,对正处于经济结构调整关键时期的中国来说,大有裨益。