集体化时期农村地区人口身体素质分析(1956—1983)

我国集体化时期,农民的生活水平并不高,农村的劳动生产率没有本质提高,因而被称为"没有发展的增长"的时期。不过,这一时期,在均平化集体经济和救助型集体保障的推动下,农民的生存条件得到改善,农村人口身体素质得到很大的提升,婴儿死亡率、青少年发育状况、各种疾病的患病率和病死率、人口平均预期寿命等指标都得到优化。     

童年期虐待经历对青少年攻击行为的影响及其预防

童年期躯体和精神虐待经历对青少年攻击行为的发生产生诸多影响。躯体虐待经历可直接引发青少年的攻击行为,也可能会通过模仿而习得父母的暴力行为,还会改变受虐儿童的基因成分。精神虐待会引发青少年的攻击人格,引发敌意情绪进而导致攻击行为的发生。因此,家长要多关爱孩子,尽量不虐待儿童;要转换家长角色,改进自身的教育方法,加强沟通,留时间与孩子交往。     

大学生运动特质焦虑与负面身体自我的相关研究——以体育类专业为例

从教育科学研究的角度出发,先后采用问卷调查等方法,对173名体育类专业大学生的运动认知特质焦虑状况进行调研。结果显示,在年龄和运动年限方面看,比赛准备焦虑差异明显,对方实力焦虑和失败焦虑因子与瘦因子存在显著相关;而不同年龄和运动年限的大学生,运动认知特质焦虑差异明显,他们的运动认知特质焦虑与负面身体自我显著相关。     

高校体育教学中的思想政治教育探析

高校体育是我国高校教育不可分割的一部分,它不仅担负着增强学生体质、传授体育知识和基本技能的任务,还承担着提高学生思想政治素质的重要使命。通过对高校体育教学中实行思想政治教育的原因、高校体育教学对学生思想政治教育的作用的分析,强调在高校体育教学中实行思想政治教育,就必须用教学内容恰到好处地培养学生、用教师的榜样感染学生、用引导和管理帮助学生,用校园体育文化建设熏陶学生。     

Divorce Disclosures and Adolescents' Physical and Mental Health and Parental Relationship Quality

Two studies were constructed to examine the associations between custodial parents' negative disclosures about the other parent after a divorce and parent–adolescent relational quality (closeness and satisfaction) and adolescents' physical and mental health. In general, the results suggested that even though negative disclosures about the other parent might be associated with more cohesive relationships between custodial parents and adolescents, it does not mean that adolescents are immune to the physical and psychological effects of such disclosures. In Study 2, negative disclosures about the other parent were associated with adolescents' increased reports of physical and mental health symptoms. The results revealed a similar effect for general divorce information and adolescents' mental health. However, there was no association for catharsis and adolescents' physical and mental health. The results from both studies also revealed that adolescents perceived that their custodial parents disclosed more negative information about the other parent than the parents perceived that they disclosed.     

论高校体育促进创新人才的培养

在知识经济时代,人才已成为一个国家科技创新、经济发展和社会进步的根本保证。高校体育以其教育教学形式与内容的多层次性、多样性,运动价值的多重性等诸多方面,在培养和造就高素质、高层次的创新人才的教育活动中,起着非常重要的作用。     

Pathways Among Marital Distress,Parental Symptomatology,and Child Adjustment

A community sample of 295 mothers, fathers, and children (M age = 11.14 years, SD = 2.32 years) rated marital distress, maternal and paternal psychological symptoms, and child adjustment. The predicted direct relations between these family and child variables were demonstrated for both fathers and mothers. Tests of pathways among these variables were conducted for separate but complementary mediation models. Maternal and paternal symptoms mediated the association between marital distress and child adjustment. Marital distress mediated the link between fathers’ symptoms and child adjustment, but the direct pathway between mothers’ symptoms and child adjustment remained. Pubertal status was modestly related to higher levels of family stressors. Joint implications of marital distress and parental symptoms for child adjustment are discussed.     

乡村文化振兴中的乡村网红群体审视：在场的身体叙事与超真实表演

乡村振兴战略持续深入推进背景下,乡村网红是深度媒介化的乡村涌现出的新群体,其自发或自觉的文化建构对乡村文化振兴有着积极意义。通过判断性抽样,从抖音平台抽取251个有效样本,审视乡村网红在建构当代中国乡村文化中的价值与局限性,并给出引导建议。在身份层面,乡村网红主要由“在地”农民构成,作为数字媒体时代的先行者,他们率先确立了农民群体在当代乡村文化建构中的主体地位;内容层面,乡村网红在新媒体空间生产的巨量媒介文本,记录和塑造当代中国新乡村文化;意义层面,乡村网红话语从个体意识、生活方式、人伦关系和乡村本体价值等方面构建乡村文化新涵义。同时,乡村网红发展过程中也显现出生产主体的持续生产能力不足、内容题材超真实趋势增强、价值观念存在较多矛盾话语等局限。由此建议加强公共培训服务,提升乡村网红自主生产能力;调控平台算法和流量,加大对真实乡村题材的流量倾斜;倡导“三农”知识精英入场,形成信息内容和价值观念对冲机制,引导乡村网红良性健康发展,助力乡村文化振兴。     

Relations between youths' community violence exposure and their physical aggression: The protective role of adults

The purpose of this study was to examine whether adults moderated the relations between youths' community violence exposure and subsequent physical aggression. Participants were 2575 middle school students (M_age = 12.3, SD = 1.00; 52% female) in the southeastern U.S. who completed surveys collected in the fall, winter, spring, and summer. The sample was predominantly African American (72%). High adult support was associated with weaker relations between exposure to violence in the fall and aggression in the winter among male adolescents. High adult support was related to weaker relations between victimization in the fall and aggression in the winter among female adolescents. Strategies promoting supportive adult relationships may benefit male adolescents by buffering the adverse impact of community violence exposure.