转型中的康区藏族村寨--丹巴县梭坡乡莫洛村考察报告

本文作者考察了四川藏区丹巴县梭坡乡莫洛村社会经济发展的历史与现状 ,发现历史上这一康区藏族村寨是相对独立的经济文化单元 ,单元内生态资源互补、劳力合作、经济互助、婚姻内部流动 ,并曾在外力的影响下不断地进行过变革与调适。现今 ,西部大开发战略和天然林保护、退耕还林等系列工程的实施又将打破这个传统经济单元或文化圈子 ,把小圈子纳入到更大的圈子里 ,莫洛人在困惑与希望中不断地调适自己 ,寻找出路     

"走西口"与晋陕内蒙古毗连带民歌圈的生成

晋西北山曲、陕北信天游、内蒙古原绥远地区的爬山歌 ,体例相同 ,词曲相近 ,共同构成我国北方单独的一个民歌圈 ,其生成与清代民国时期的“走西口”移民运动密切相关。在“走西口”过程中 ,晋西北、陕北人口大批向河套及大青山前后地区移居 ,形成以山西河曲、保德人和陕西府谷、神木、榆林人为核心的“河府移民圈” ,人口同源支持了民歌共性。长盛不衰的雁行式“走西口”生活 ,不断刺激着民歌的创造与发达 ,使三地民歌的交汇共生走向高潮 ,在发展中推动了三地民歌的同质化过程。     

再探政府机构改革“黄宗羲定律”破解之法

被动适应性改革、机构撤并与职能转变缺乏有效互动、改革重横轻纵等诸多原因导致我国历次政府机构改革难以摆脱精简--膨胀--再精简--再膨胀的循环,终陷入"黄宗羲定律"怪圈.建设学习型与服务型政府,实现政府结构与功能互动,横纵改革结合,形成网络化改革治理格局,建立现代公共人力资源管理制度,加强财政监督与立法等,是21世纪我国政府机构改革跳出这一怪圈的出路所在.     

Small‐sphere distributions for directional data with application to medical imaging

We propose novel parametric concentric multi‐unimodal small‐subsphere families of densities for p ? 1 ≥ 2‐dimensional spherical data. Their parameters describe a common axis for K small hypersubspheres, an array of K directional modes, one mode for each subsphere, and K pairs of concentrations parameters, each pair governing horizontal (within the subsphere) and vertical (orthogonal to the subsphere) concentrations. We introduce two kinds of distributions. In its one‐subsphere version, the first kind coincides with a special case of the Fisher–Bingham distribution, and the second kind is a novel adaption that models independent horizontal and vertical variations. In its multisubsphere version, the second kind allows for a correlation of horizontal variation over different subspheres. In medical imaging, the situation of p ? 1 = 2 occurs precisely in modeling the variation of a skeletally represented organ shape due to rotation, twisting, and bending. For both kinds, we provide new computationally feasible algorithms for simulation and estimation and propose several tests. To the best knowledge of the authors, our proposed models are the first to treat the variation of directional data along several concentric small hypersubspheres, concentrated near modes on each subsphere, let alone horizontal dependence. Using several simulations, we show that our methods are more powerful than a recent nonparametric method and ad hoc methods. Using data from medical imaging, we demonstrate the advantage of our method and infer on the dominating axis of rotation of the human knee joint at different walking phases.     

The Protective Circle: Queer Fathers and Counselors

This article provides a review of the literature addressing the unique needs and experiences of queer fathers. Despite the growing number of queer fathers and families, and increasing scholarship on this topic, there is a major dearth in the counseling scholarship and practice related to queer families, or more specifically and especially, queer fatherhood. Thus, this article uses the concept of a “protective circle” to assist professional counselors to understand their vital role within a queer father and familial system. By understanding the experiences and needs of queer fathers, counselors can better conceptualize and assist this underserved and often silenced community.     

Using institutional ethnography's ideological circle to portray how textually mediated disability discourse paralysed a Supreme Court of Canada ruling

Persons with disabilities created through texts as damaged goods are being ‘cured’ by workplace accommodation, a textually mediated work process. Prior to 1999, workplace accommodation in the Canadian federal public service signified the adjustments necessary to enable a disabled worker to fit into a workplace designed for able-bodied workers. In 1999, a Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) ruling known as Meiorin turned this accommodation provision on its head. Instead of being focused on individual-level fixes so that a disabled worker could be accommodated in an existing workplace, this legislation required employers to transform their workplaces so as to make them ready to receive as many different types of workers as reasonably possible from the outset. Using Dorothy E. Smith's institutional ethnography, I use my experiences as a disability rights activist employed in the Canadian federal public service to explicate how textually mediated disability discourse paralysed this groundbreaking SCC ruling.     

循环经济发展问题研究

发展循环经济是落实科学发展观的重要环节和具体体现。根据我国循环经济的研究和发展现状,认为应深刻理解和正确把握循环经济的内涵。这需要做好加大宣传力度、转变发展观念、加强宏观规划、增加政府投资等工作。     

Research initiation based on idea-circles: from research object to co-actor

This article details an evaluation of a research project based on participatory research methods organized by the Swedish Disability Federation from 2008 to 2011. In Sweden there has been a lack of productive dialogue with the traditional academic world and the question was raised whether proposals for future research would be different if disabled people formulated them. Nine idea-circles with disabled participants and invited researchers from fields of interest close to the participants produced ideas, developed out of the life experience of being a disabled person. These ideas were developed into 72 research drafts that often reflected key advocacy areas, rather than operationalized research issues. The adjustment from the familiar discourse of political struggle to discussion of research was a complicated process for many. When asked to prioritize among areas for research, the representatives from the disability movement chose areas that are not stressed in mainstream disability research in Sweden.     

两个不同品牌洗衣粉抑菌效果的测定与研究

为了比较汰渍、碧浪两种不同品牌洗衣粉的抑菌效果,本试验采用滤纸片琼脂平板扩散法,将待洲样品溶液转移至接种有大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus Subtilis)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)敏感菌株的培养基上,经培养后测定其抑菌圈的大小,以判断其抑菌能力的强弱.通过对抑菌圈直径的比较和两个均数的差异显著性分析,发现汰溃、碧浪两种洗衣粉的押菌效果差异不显著.     

以城市为主导统筹城乡、区域和谐发展

长期以来,我国的区域经济实际上是农村主导型的发展模式。现在,这种发展模式已经走到了尽头,必然要向城市主导型区域经济发展模式的转变。这就要求区域经济发展应以城市为重点,推进城市化战略,统筹城乡发展,在此基础上构筑城市经济圈,统筹区域发展。城市经济圈的形成应打破行政界限,顺其自然地构建城市经济圈,因市制宜地探索城市经济圈的发展道路,逐步提升城市经济发展水平,以城市为主导统筹区域经济协调发展。