Integrative Body-Mind-Spirit (I-BMS) Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Review of the Outcome Literature

ABSTRACT

Background: A growing interest in integrative body-mind-spirit (I-BMS) approaches to treatment of PTSD has resulted in a significant increase in related research. Method: This study conducted a synthesized review of randomized controlled trials of I-BMS treatments for PTSD, yielding thirteen studies that included: mindfulness/meditation (7), yoga (3), acupuncture (1), spiritually-based intervention (1), and relaxation (1) from 2004–2015. The study used a modified Delphi List (mDL) and the California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse (CEBC) to evaluate study rigor and level of research support for each practice. Results: Overall, I-BMS interventions demonstrated positive outcomes. Based on an mDL range between 0 and 7, scores were: 6 for meditation/mindfulness, 5.67 for yoga, 7 for acupuncture, 3 for spiritually-based intervention, and 4.5 for relaxation training. All interventions were recommended as practices with Promising Research Evidence (Level 3). Effect sizes (d) ranged from .51 to 1.88 for relaxation, .38 to 1.02 for spiritual, .31 to 1.4 for acupuncture, .1 to 1.54 for yoga and .2 to 1.53 for mindfulness meditation. Discussion: This study identified acupuncture, meditation, and yoga as high-quality alternative therapeutic practices for PTSD with promising evidence as effective and safe approaches. Future studies should assess long-term effects to further elevate the level of research support.     

The effect of teaching strategies on student achievement: An analysis using TALIS-PISA-link

The present study investigates the effects of different teaching strategies on student achievement using data from the so-called TALIS-PISA link created by the OECD. This is a recently developed instrument that allows for connecting data about teacher characteristics and practices collected in the TALIS (Teaching and Learning International Survey) survey with students’ academic performance measured in PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment). Our empirical strategy is based on an instrumental variable (IV) approach. Our results suggest that traditional teaching methods have a positive influence on students’ proficiency in mathematics, while the implementation of more innovative active learning strategies seem to have a negative impact on student achievement.     

Marriage and Family Therapists' Comfort Working with Lesbian and Gay Male Clients: The Influence of Religious Practices and Support for Lesbian and Gay Male Human Rights

The purpose of this study was to explore potential influences on marriage and family therapists' comfort level when working with lesbian and gay male clients, including sex, age, race, sexual orientation, political orientation, religious practices of the therapist, as well as the level of support for lesbian and gay male human rights. Participants in this study were 199 experienced therapists. Results indicated that higher levels of religious practices were related to lower levels of support for lesbian and gay male human rights and to lower levels of comfort working with lesbian and gay male clients. When support for lesbian and gay male human rights was considered, the level of religious practices was no longer predictive of comfort working with lesbian and gay male clients.     

International students' experiences of living temporarily abroad: Sense of belonging toward community well-being

This article unveils the voices of the international students of the Universiti Sains Malaysia by exploring their belongingness and community well-being in Malaysia. This study was conducted with 14 international students (seven males and seven females) studying at the Universiti Sains Malaysia for at least a year. A qualitative approach was employed using in-depth case interviews to examine the socio-cultural challenges they experienced while studying abroad. The specific challenges reported among the international students are their well-being in distinct aspects such as physical, mental, and emotional. This study seeks to explore the international students' reliability on conational communities for social support. When achieving belongingness with their conational friends, international students can flourish well in their current community in Malaysia, thus achieving social community well-being although they are far away. Besides maintaining established close friendships, the international students develop a sense of comfort and familiarity by forming new friendships with conational and other international students. Sharing similar backgrounds and nationalities, as well as experiences and struggles, are significant for international students in maintaining close friendships and situational harmony. This study highlighted the meaning behind physical and emotional distance, as well as the situation of “being temporarily abroad” and its relations to intimacy practices and belongingness in close friendships. The results presented in this article contribute to an increasing understanding of international students' challenges and the future of social harmony and community well-being while temporarily living in Malaysia. Correspondingly, as a result of this study, students will be more deferential of cultural differences and cross-cultural sensitivity, which will also help to decrease prejudice and discrimination.     

The (em)bodiment of blackness in a visceral anti-black racism and ableism context

Over the years, many scholarly publications have extensively discussed disability ‘diagnoses’ and placement practices in special education programs in the United States and the United Kingdom. These publications argue that racism and classism rather than clinically predetermined factors appear to influence the disability diagnosis and placement practices in special education. The present essay is contributing to the debate by critically exploring the relationship(s) between race, class, and disability ‘diagnoses’ and placement practices in special education programs in Toronto, Canada. The core ideas noted in the essay are drawn from a personal story of an African-Canadian parent – a story of a daughter with a diagnosed disability and her mother’s struggle to resist the disability ‘diagnosis’ as well as her battle rejecting her daughter’s placement in the special education program in a Toronto public school. Using this personal account, other literature, and anti-black racism theory, I argue that special education programming in Toronto, Canada helps white middle/upper class Canadians achieve a de facto race/class-based segregation in the Toronto public school system. Whereas the Supreme Courts’ rulings on Brown vs. the Board of Education in the United States and Washington vs. the Trustees of Charlottesville in Canada have insisted that whites and non-whites attend the same school, special education identification practices ensure that whites and non-whites do not have to belong to the same classroom. I conclude that when educational practices move into spaces of pathologization, blacks and working-class students are continually at risk of facing exclusionary practices. One thing is clear: the significance of skin color in the mind of the racist cannot easily be dismissed.     

承诺型人力资源管理实践、员工工作投入与创新行为的关系

本研究基于社会交换理论,使用跨层次分析技术,以100家企业及658名员工为样本,考察了承诺型人力资源管理实践对员工创新行为的影响及其作用机制。研究结果发现承诺型人力资源管理实践对员工创新行为具有显著正向影响,员工工作投入在二者之间起完全中介的作用。该研究结论为人力资源管理实践影响员工态度到影响员工行为这一理论链接提供有形的实证支撑,从而有助于揭示人力资源管理实践通过影响员工的态度和行为,最终影响组织绩效机制的中间过程。     

中国特色农业远程教育的发展实践

中国农业远程教育体系由遍布全国的农业广播电视学校（农广校）组成,具有大规模、低成本、快捷便利、面广等独特的办学优势,其通过广播、电视、互联网、卫星网等传输手段,综合采用文字教材、音像教材、计算机课件、网络课程、报刊杂志等媒体实施远程培训教学。农广校成立30年来,在开展农业职业教育、＂绿色证书＂培训、农业实用技术培训、合作高等教育等方面,进行了长期的实践和探索,为我国农村培养了大量的实用人才,取得了很好的成绩,积累了一定的经验,走出了一条具有中国特色的农业远程教育的发展道路。     

国家治理体系与治理能力建设：发展与共享

中共十九届四中全会在新中国制度建设史上具有划时代的里程碑意义。中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系是经过革命、建设、改革长期实践形成的。中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系的浙江省实践、湖州市实践、织里基层实践,展现了中国治理的时代价值。历史经验表明,中国始终坚持和完善党的领导、坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、坚持以人民为中心、坚持实事求是的思想路线是正确、有效、成功的。中国治理蕴含的制度价值保障了最广大人民的根本利益,促进了社会生产力发展,维护了社会公平正义。中国治理能够为后发国家提供“非西方化的现代化”建设经验,推动和支持多边主义的全球治理方案,促进不同文明互学互鉴,为世界上那些既希望加快发展又希望保持自身独立的国家和民族提供借鉴,具有世界意义。     

数学分析教学改革的思考与实践

数学分析是数学科学学院各专业最重要的一门基础课程,数学分析课程的教学改革一直受到人们的普遍关注．文章分析了数学分析教学的现状,提出了存在的问题,阐述了对数学分析教学在教学内容、教学方法、教学手段等方面进行改革的思考与实践．     

高校大学生社会实践运行机制探索

社 会实 践 作为 大 学生 素质 教 育的 重要 环 节,在 探索 中已 取 得了 明 显成 效。 为进 一 步深 化 社会 实践 活动 ,应 建立 完 善科学的 领 导机 制、有效 的保 障 机制 、切 实的 激 励机 制 、以 夯实 社会 实践 工 作基 础 ;还 应积 极整 合 学生 资源 、学 校 资源 、社 会 资源 ,将社会 实 践建 设成 卓有 成 效的 阵 地和 功能 强大 的 基地 ;要 在 调研 、立 项、重点 、指 导 、管 理、效果 诸 方面 ,推 进社 会 实践 项目 的 规范性运 作 ;要逐 步 锻造 出富 含 高校 个性 的 既稳 定持 久 、又可 频 出新 意的 社 会实 践品 牌 系列 。