民主革命时期毛泽东保护和发展私营经济思想论析

在民主革命时期,毛泽东同志根据中国经济落后的现实国情和中国革命的性质、任务,提出了利用、保护和发展私营经济的思想.这既是对我党历史经验的凝重总结,也是对中国社会政治经济走向的深层思考.这一认识过程的曲折反复也折射出探索中国革命道路的复杂与艰辛.     

保卫苗侗民族的宝贵历史记忆库——黔东南“锦屏文书”抢救保护的回顾与展望

自2007年以来,黔东南苗族侗族自治州档案部门在各级党委和政府的支持下,投入了大量人力、物力和财力到"锦屏文书"("清水江文书")抢救保护工作中,取得了可观的成效。本文总结了其中的经验教训,认为以往工作中存在一定程度上的"重抢救保护、轻编研出版"的倾向,提出今后不仅要继续重视抢救保护,同时也要在编研出版和开发利用方面齐头并进,力争使"锦屏文书"早日成功申报联合国"世界记忆名录",成为苗侗人民的世界文化品牌。     

Best linear predictors for factor scores

From the literature three types of predictors for factor scores are available. These are characterized by the constraints: linear, linear conditionally unbiased, and linear correlation preserving. Each of these constraints generates a class of predictors. Best predictors are defined in terms of Lowner's partial matrix order applied to matrices of mean square error of prediction. It is shown that within the first two classes a best predictor exists and that it does not exist in the third.     

Reduced-Variance Methods for Detectability Correction of Population Abundance

Detectability issues create uncertainty in field surveys of animal and plant populations. Detectability correction is one method employed to deal with this problem when there is reasonable certainty that detectability is roughly constant with time or in different areas. Two new reduced-variance estimators of detectability are introduced and evaluated for the case of using a detectability correction for new areas that are surveyed only once. The new estimates are unbiased or nearly unbiased and produce population estimates with smaller variance than the Lincoln–Petersen estimate.     

Preserving Open Access

Abstract

Libraries have an established track record of preserving the scholarly record, but this stewardship role has generally been exercised over materials the library has purchased or otherwise acquired. With open access publishing, the library’s role in preservation is less certain, as libraries may facilitate access to a wide array of freely accessible materials without ever obtaining any copies. Additionally, the open access landscape includes many small noncommercial publishers with limited resources that may not be able to invest in long term preservation and access. In this column, Courtney McAllister, Electronic Resources Librarian at Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale University, discusses preservation concerns and strategies for open access publications and how libraries may be affected by unstable or unpredictable long-term access.     

提升供应链韧性和安全水平推动经济高质量发展的路径

在百年未有之大变局和中国进入高质量发展阶段的背景下,明确中国供应链安全面临的挑战与优势,提升中国供应链韧性和安全水平,是构建新发展格局、实现制造业高质量发展、维护国家经济安全的必然要求。中国供应链安全面临着关键核心技术“卡脖子”、供应链“断链”与产业跨境转移等风险,同时也具备产业体系优势、市场规模优势、举国体制优势和数字基建优势。为增强供应链韧性和安全水平,要以新型举国体制推动关键核心技术突破,推动数字化转型和数智供应链建设,优化制造业产业链高中低端产业布局,发挥超大规模内需市场的稳定作用,推进高水平对外开放,进而推动中国经济高质量发展。     

Behavioral Determinants of Nonprofit Board Performance

There is an increased awareness that the performance of boards (good governance) is not only determined by structural determinants but by behavioral determinants as well. These behavioral determinants might be particularly important for public and nonprofit governance, where the role of the board is more diffuse and heterogeneous than in corporate governance. Here we investigate how social dynamics within boards in secondary education influence their performance. We follow a concise model that includes cognitive conflict, the use of expertise, effort norms, and social cohesion as determinants of board task performance. A survey among all secondary schools in the Netherlands serves as the empirical underpinning for this process‐oriented model of good governance. We show that the behavioral determinants have different effects on the control task and advice task of boards. Also, we find that cognitive conflicts in supervisory boards do not lead to less but rather to more social cohesion within boards. Building on these findings, we suggest a revised model of the behavioral determinants of nonprofit board performance.     

努力互补效应、非合作博弈与创业努力策略选择

创业投资者和创业企业家之间的博弈贯穿于创业企业发展的整个过程,创业融资的过程通常是多次行为博弈.文章引入创业企业家与创业投资者的努力互补效应进行分析,通过研究发现:在一次性博弈或者有限次重复博弈中,创业企业家和投资者会依据分配系数选择相应的策略组合,且无论分配系数为何值都不能使创业企业家和投资者同时以集体利益最大为准则选择各自的努力水平.在无限次重复博弈中,创业企业家与投资者会依据不同的贴现因子和不同的分配系数进行策略选择,此时则可以促使创业投资者与企业家均依据集体收益最大化原则选择努力水平.     

无为范畴探析

文章通过老子思想体系透视无为范畴,多层面地展示了其内涵。     

保全模式:给农民工多一点关爱——解读张全收的亲情化管理模式

农民工作为中国经济、社会发展过程中的特殊群体,在为城市经济发展做出重要贡献的过程中,自身的主观感受与情感却被人们所忽视,而存在着较多的问题。同样是农民工创业榜样的张全收在组织、转移大规模的农民工到城市就业的过程中,所创造的＂保全模式＂实现了给农民工多一点关爱,为农民工城市就业搭建了情感保障的绿色长廊。