重大事件政府新闻发布传播策略分析——以广州亚运会为例

政府在重大事件中的新闻发布活动是树立政府形象的良好机会。2010年广州亚运会作为亚洲体坛盛会，是一次展示国家形象和广州城市形象的绝佳时机，其新闻发布策略与传播效果尤其值得关注。文章在系统阐述重大事件新闻发布传播策略的基础上，针对广州亚运会裳间广东省及广州市政府新闻发布运行机制与传播策略进行分析，总结出包括制度规范、主题制定、模拟演练，现场应对、舆情监测等传播策略，并对其效果进行分析。     

论产品质量法上的瑕疵给付责任

我国《产品质量法》第40条的规定在性质上应为瑕疵给付责任,属于债务不履行的一种表现形态;瑕疵给付责任的效力在我国立法上表现为补正措施、合同解除(退货)和损害赔偿,与大陆法系、英美法系国家相比,缺少价金减额请求权的规定,不利于消费者利益的维护;基于交易便捷的考虑,在瑕疵给付责任的实现上应该突破合同相对性原则,其权利主体不应局限于真正购买产品的消费者,义务主体以销售者为主导,承担一种较为严格的责任,生产者则承担类似于一般保证的补充责任。     

公司治理应强化信息披露制度

国企改革进入规范年,建立有效的公司治理、强化信息披露制度是一项十分紧迫而重要的工作。当前,我国证券市场虚假信息披露问题,法制缺陷与诚信不足固然是其发生的原因,但更深层次的原因则是由企业法人治理结构存在明显缺陷造成的。因此,必须改法人治理为公司治理,将信息披露系统置于公司治理框架之内,通过公司治理的制衡机制和监督机制来规范信息披露的内容和方式,保证信息披露的质量。其目的是为了净化资本市场环境,保护所有投资者,尤其是中小投资者的合法权益。     

超细煤粉燃烧NOx析出特性试验

对超细煤粉在一维热态煤粉炉内燃烧时煤粉粒径、炉膛温度、过量空气系数及煤种等因素对NOx释放特性的影响规律进行了试验研究．研究结果表明：超细煤粉NOx的排放浓度低于常规粒径煤粉；NOx的排放浓度，随过量空气系数的增加而明显增加；煤种不同，NOx排放规律不同，煤粉超细化后，龙口褐煤的排放量明显减少，晋城无烟煤则变化不大；NOx的排放浓度随温度的升高而升高。     

A Review of Plant Specific PRAs

A large number of PRA studies have been completed for specific plants at specific sites. From these studies, taken individually or collectively, many significant insights have evolved into items important to risk and safety. The content of this paper is primarily based on the material contained in the EPRI funded review of five PRA studies: Big Rock Point, Zion, Limerick, Grand Gulf, and Arkansas Nuclear One. The first three were the utility sponsored studies publicly available at the time of project initiation while the other two were deemed representative of the NRC's RSSMAP and IREP programs respectively. The results of PRA studies are usually expressed in terms of core melt frequencies, radionuclide release frequencies, and frequencies of occurrence of different reactor accident consequences (e.g., early and latent fatalities) depending on the level of PRA. These subjects are prominently addressed in this paper. One of the results of a PRA study is identification of a relatively small number of accident sequences that represent the dominant contributors to core melt. An analysis of the salient features of the dominant accident sequences from eleven PRA's yielded a characterization of accident sequence categories discussed at some length. Impact of external events is discussed very briefly. Next to an explicit quantification of public risk or core melt frequency, the identification of specific safety concerns and the evaluation of possible solutions to implement risk management are probably the best recognized and most widely used applications of PRA. Several illustrative examples are briefly discussed. Human interactions are extremely important contributors to safety and reliability of the plants. A review of PRA studies concluded that it was necessary to account for five types of human interactions; some of which may mitigate while others may exacerbate an accident sequence.     

Statistical Certification of Software Systems

Common software release procedures based on statistical techniques try to optimize the trade-off between further testing costs and costs due to remaining errors. We propose new software release procedures where the aim is to certify with a certain confidence level that the software does not contain errors. The underlying model is a discrete time model similar to the geometric Moranda model. The decisions are based on a mix of classical and Bayesian approaches to sequential testing and do not require any assumption on the initial number of errors.     

国际海洋法法庭迅速释放问题研究

国际海洋法法庭自成立以来共审理了9个迅速释放案件,其中6个案件判决被告沿海国迅速释放被扣押船只和船员,从而有效地解决了沿海国和船旗国之间的争议。因联合国海洋法公约迅速释放相关规定的模糊性,以及国际海洋法法庭在保证金合理性判断标准和实质性审查问题上所采取的非一致性立场,在迅速释放问题上尚未形成习惯法。应该肯定的是,国际海洋法法庭的司法实践对沿海国相关法律制度的完善起到积极作用。本文认为,为维护我国海洋权利不受非法侵犯,应及时修改和完善我国渔民被外国执法扣押时的国家援助制度,以及解决迅速释放时的保证金制度问题。     

关于我军建立新闻发布制度的若干思考

我国正经历着从政务公开到党务公开的历史性转变。而军务公开的问题,也随着这一历史性的转变,历史地展现在了我们的面前。军务公开的一个重要方面,就是要尽快地建立我军的新闻发布制度。这既是我军(中国人民解放军)推进现代化建设的需要,更是我军提升软实力的需要。本文从我军新闻发布制度的历史发展,我军新闻发布体系的全面构建以及我军新闻发布制度的人才战略三个方面,对我军如何建立新闻发布制度问题,进行了全面的思考和深入的论述。本文将对我军新闻发布制度的理论建设和运作实践,提供重要的智力支持。     

全媒体语境下的危机信息发布

新媒体的崛起催生了全媒体时代的到来,受政策与市场因素的影响,在新媒体与传统媒体全面融合的进程中,媒体自由度扩大,公众传播地位提升,这削弱了危机信息传播场中政府的信息主导地位,加之舆论观念落后、传播策略单一、信息发布方式陈旧,危机信息发布暴露出时代性不适应。在分析全媒体语境下危机信息发布不足的基础上,建议政府从信息沟通体系、信息发布文本与媒介三个方面完善信息发布策略,并进一步提出,政府应尊重公众知情权,实现信息公开,在信息自由传播的过程中,实现对信息的控制,做到信息自由与控制的平衡。     

Judicious order acceptance and order release in make-to-order manufacturing systems

This paper explores a two-stage input control system for fixed capacity make-to-order manufacturing systems (with heavy job tardiness penalties), that selectively accepts incoming orders and holds the accepted ones in a pre-shop queue prior to releasing them to the shop floor. Single-stage input control systems that only allow orders to be delayed in a pre-shop queue (i.e. they do not allow some orders to be rejected) have been previously investigated and found to negatively impact overall due-date performance. The hypothesis motivating this research is that judiciously rejecting a subset of incoming orders can prevent the order release queue from being overloaded when a surge of demand occurs. The input control system is evaluated via experiments using a discrete-event simulation model of a fixed capacity manufacturing system. The experiments reported here suggest that holding orders in the pre-shop queue does not improve due date performance, and that judiciously rejecting orders on its own is a viable alternative mechanism of input control that can deliver improved performance.