一种离散非平稳高斯随机过程的相关函数估计

离散非平稳高斯过程在实际中经常遇到。本文针对此过程的相关函数的估计导出了一种时间平均估计的方法。此估计不要求过程是遍历的这一严格假设;而且此方法只利用被观察过程的单组时间顺序上的采样值,在相当弱的条件下,得到无偏、一致的估计。     

二次函数服从x~2 —分布的条件

关于正态随机变量二次型服从x~2-分布的充要条件已经给出了许多结果。本文对正态变量的二次函数服从非中心x~2-分布的问题进行了研究,得到了相应的充要条件,对于(1)(2)给出的充要条件相比较有更容易判别的优点。     

上海小刀会起义失败的军事原因探析

上海小刀会起义失败的原因很多,许多学者对此进行了严肃认真的探讨,但多集中于小刀会没有先进理论指导、中外势力联合镇压等方面,很少从纯军事角度来探讨。本文论证分析了如下几个方面的军事原因。首先,进攻太仓失利,西联太平军战略构想化为泡影;各县城的小刀会坐视不救,清军各个击破四县一厅,导致小刀会战略空间狭小,缺乏回旋余地。其次,太平军没能冲破江南大营与小刀会会合,小刀会孤军作战。再次,固守城池,坐以待毙;想到突围之时,为时已晚。最后,内部不和,无法就军事行动达成一致意见,缺乏有效协同。     

Switching Order Statistics through Random Power Contractions

This paper investigates a new random contraction scheme which complements the length‐biasing and convolution contraction schemes considered in the literature. A random power contraction is used with order statistics, leading to new and elegant characterizations of the power distribution. In view of Rossberg's counter‐example of a non‐exponential law with exponentially distributed spacings of order statistics, possibly the most appealing consequence of the result is a characterization of the exponential distribution via an independent exponential shift of order statistics.     

汉英广告翻译中的语用失误

广告翻译是经济发展的产物。广告翻译也成为从事语言研究及翻译工作者们研究的重要课题。在前人研究的基础上 ,采用实例分析法 ,从语用学的角度分析广告翻译中语用失误的现象 ,可以为广告翻译提供一些途径。     

在随机电磁干扰预测中引入蒙特卡罗方法

在随机电磁干扰的预测分析过程中引入了蒙特卡罗方法，讨论了随机性干扰的计算机模拟方法，对均匀分布干扰或正态分布干扰建立了一个概率模型，最后给出了用蒙特卡罗方法对随机电磁干扰进行预测分析的程序框图。     

公示语翻译中的语用失误探析

语用失误在非目的语环境下经常出现,本文通过对国内公示语翻译的错误实例的分析,说明了语用教学在我国外语教学中的重要性。作者认为,教师有责任唤起学生的语用意识,明确地传授有关语用方面的知识,以减少语用失误的现象,使学生尽快适应中国与世界接轨的局势。     

Addiction and intrapersonal externalities in the labour market

This paper attempts to model individual decision-making with respect to alcohol consumption as an intrapersonal game among different temporal selves. A temporal self’s decision regarding alcohol consumption is shown to affect the utility of other selves. This externality gives rise to a potential co-ordination problem. The co-ordination problem may lead to the existence of multiple intrapersonal equilibria which are Pareto rankable. The analysis of alcohol addiction is likely to yield very different conclusions when based upon such a framework as compared to Becker and Murphy’s (1988) rational addiction approach. For example, the reinforcement process characterising addiction emerges not because of the increased marginal benefits associated with alcohol consumption, but rather due to the decreased marginal productivity in the production of substitute commodities. The reasons for the persistence of addictive behaviour and potential for recovery are explored and the effect of depression on addictive consumption is illustrated.     

A generalized Pearson system useful in reliability analysis

In the present note, we study an extended class of Pearson system of distributions in the context of reliability. It is shown that the proposed class of models can be characterized by a relatioaship between the failure rate and the conditional moments. Further, we develop a procedure to identify an increasing (decreasing) failure rate model in the generalized Pearson system.