行政执法机关非罪化处置的若干程序问题

非罪化现象在行政执法实践中一直存在,但学界对此基本持反对立场。行政非罪化具有其合理性,出罪权的“诉讼过程”配置规律,以及行政执法机关对于行政犯罪案件的先行管辖事实,共同构筑了行政执法机关非罪化处置的正当性基础。针对行政非罪化案件的管辖冲突,应当根据冲突主体的不同,确立相应的解决规则。非罪化的前提是行为构成犯罪,对于行政非罪化处置程序中涉嫌犯罪的证明,应当根据主客观违法事实,将证明责任合理地配置给行政机关和相对人。同时,为了控制行政执法机关非罪化处置权能,还应设置科学的听证制度、集体决定机制以及请示报告制度,以强化其内部控制。而在共同犯罪案件分案处理的情形下,行政非罪化案件与“另案”应当保持事实认定的一致性和法律处罚的协调性。     

大学英语教师角色困惑的起因与消解对策

大学英语教师在新教学模式下角色困惑表现为角色认同困惑和角色生存困惑。前者是由教师自身理论素养、对新角色可操作性的认识模糊以及评价机制和课程改革设置滞后等引起的;后者是由二语习得理论、网络多媒体技术的运用、外语个性学习需求等导致的。因此,外语教师应加强学习,勇于实践,提高担当新角色的能力以及使大学英语教育成为提高学生综合素质的一部分。     

儒墨对辨的价值论根源及其现代启示

儒家、墨家的相互批判是春秋战国时期学术思想上的一次大碰撞。双方对辨的焦点集中于对国家和社会问题的思考以及解决方案的合理性。儒墨对辨开创了理性批判的先河,彰显了在历史整合时期个人和社会价值的多元化及其冲突的意义。     

对邓小平教师地位和待遇思想的再认识

邓小平同志关于教师地位和待遇问题的论述是邓小平教育思想的重要组成部分,其要义在于倡导通过尊师重教、发展教育事业来提高民族的科学文化素质。它丰富和发展了马克思主义教育理论和国家建设的理论基础,使教师在社会生活中的角色和地位发生了根本性转变,促进了教师队伍的稳定和发展,提高了人们从教的积极性和教师队伍的整体质量。     

试析网络交往行为的戏剧化特点

随着网上生活的不断拓展,网络交往行为越来越广泛,并且明显呈现出戏剧行为的特点。同时,由于虚拟角色的自由转换,它又与传统的戏剧行为有所区别。文章从理论上分析了它们的异同,以便更深刻地理解并正确引导网络交往行为。     

Secondary agency conflicts: A synthesis and proposed measurement model

Secondary agency conflicts typically arise when ownership and control are combined in the hands of dominant shareholders who could then seek to misappropriate returns at the expense of minority shareholders. This type of agency conflict has attracted attention from researchers for the past nearly three decades. However, efforts at measuring secondary agency conflicts have been fragmented and scattered. The absence of a coherent and valid approach to assess the scope and intensity of secondary agency conflicts has impeded progress in both empirical and conceptual development of the topic area. Based on a review of the extant body of literature, this paper develops a composite Shareholder Inequity index that measures the potential for secondary agency conflicts employing three different governance dimensions that are grounded in the agency literature: blockholder power, differential control, and the absence of board neutrality. The index is tested and validated empirically using a sample of 748 publicly listed U.S. firms. The resulting Shareholder Inequity index demonstrates high levels of validity and reliability. Future corporate governance studies can utilize this validated measure to investigate potential secondary agency conflicts more consistently and rigorously in order to strengthen organizational theory development and research.     

When work comes home: technology-related pressure and home support

Given the prevalence of workers bringing work home, issues arising from this practice are a central concern of human resource development (HRD) researchers and practitioners. This study investigates factors related to home boundary permeability (the extent to which one’s home domain is interrupted by work-related matters). Specifically, we examine the impact of technology-related pressure on home boundary permeability, and test both positive and negative consequences of home boundary permeability, along with the role of home support. Based on quantitative data from 267 full-time employees in the Midwestern United States, we found technology-related pressure predicted home boundary permeability, even after accounting for a person’s preference for work–home segmentation. Our findings suggest that high home boundary permeability may be a double-edged sword as it was significantly associated with both greater work-to-home conflict and positive spillover. Further, home support was found to play a buffering role in the relationship between home boundary permeability and work-to-home conflict. Suggestions for how HRD and management practitioners can help employees achieve a healthy balance between work and home are offered.     

创业者的工作家庭冲突——基于角色转型的视角

本研究从角色转型的视角探讨了创建新企业的过程中,创业活动的推进是否会促发创业与家庭事务间冲突的问题.基于身份理论,本文提出在创建新企业的早期阶段,创业者会经历角色分离、角色调整与新角色生成等角色转型过程,其中伴随的身份模糊感,是创业情境下引发工作家庭冲突的独特压力源,并呈现出先升后降的变化.因此,创业进程与工作家庭冲突水平之间呈现出一种倒U型关系.同时,创业者感知到其所在地区对创业活动的社会支持程度会弱化创业过程与工作家庭冲突间的曲线关系.基于中国创业动态跟踪调查的201个新生企业的实证研究支持了假设.本研究拓展了蓬勃发展的家庭嵌入视角下的创业研究,识别出创业情境区别组织情境下引发工作家庭冲突的独特诱因,以及社会支持对于缓解创业者的角色转型压力与工作家庭冲突的作用.研究结论为创业者的职业转型与家庭关系维护提供了建议,并在宏观上启发有关创业生态系统建设的探讨     

Estimations of parental and self intelligence as a function of parents’ status: A cross-cultural study in Germany and Spain

With reference to the extensively reported gender differences in estimated intelligence, we used a cross-cultural study to investigate whether employment status and education of mothers and fathers (at the time of data collection, in early childhood, and in later childhood) influenced the estimation of parents’ general intelligence. Data showed that mothers’ as well as fathers’ general intelligence was significantly predicted by their education and current employment status. We additionally found a similar relationship between women’s (men’s) and mothers’ (fathers’) intelligence compared with the relationship of intelligence ascribed to their fathers (mothers). Furthermore, women’s self-estimated intelligence was significantly predicted by their mothers’ current employment, whereas men’s self-estimated intelligence was predicted by their fathers’ education. We furthermore investigated how women’s and men’s estimations differ between Germany and Spain. Results indicate that the more pronounced gender segregation in Spain was not expressed in larger gender differences in self- or parents’ intelligence estimations.     

产业集群发展与技术创新

产业集群对区域经济发展具有重要的作用。但是,仅仅依靠聚集经济成本优势的集群将难以摆脱衰退的宿命,而技术创新是延长集群生命周期、提升集群长期竞争优势、促进集群可持续发展的重要手段。实践表明,政府实施产业集群战略,应更多地关注区域创新体系的建设。