反馈二次判据

本文根据反馈基本类型框图分析，提出反馈二次判据，并利用二次判据对三点式判据作完整证明，举例说明了二次判据的实际应用．     

我国公共部门绩效管理的不足及对策

公共部门绩效管理是近年来中国公共管理学界所关注的热点问题之一。当前中国公共部门绩效管理中存在的问题和不足．主要在于制度基础和社会环境的缺乏、价值取向存在偏差、评估主体单一、对绩效反馈环节的忽略、政府绩效管理与对公务员个人的绩效考评相脱离，等等。导致这些问题的原因是；方面的：制度层面上缺乏相应法律的规范、相关人员停留在传统考核阶段的观念、干部管理上单一强调经济增长在评定政绩中的作用以及中国公共部门绩效管理的实践与理论研究的分离。因此，改进中国公共部门绩效管理效果既要建立制度基础．注重填补法律空白，加强实践与理论研究的结合，又要重视管理技术的完善。     

Ideas, private institutions and American welfare state 'exceptionalism': the case of health and old-age insurance, 1915–1965

Traditional theories of welfare state development divide into two camps: societal accounts and institutional accounts. The aim of the present article is to amend and enrich the institutional approach to US social policy by reconsidering key aspects of the genesis of the American welfare state: 1) showing that concepts such as 'policy feedback' and 'path dependence' need to be extended to encompass the effect of private social policies; and 2) taking policy paradigms and agenda setting more seriously than is the norm in institutional scholarship. The empirical analysis is divided into two parts. The first part explores the activities of the American Association for Labor Legislation (AALL) in the decade beginning in 1910 and the genesis of Social Security in the 1930s, while the second part examines the effect of the private benefit developments on policy choices between 1935 and 1965.     

团队真实型领导、新员工反馈寻求行为与社会化结果

领导掌控着组织的资源,其态度和行为对新员工能否顺利社会化起关键作用。基于真实型领导和员工反馈寻求社会化理论,探讨团队真实型领导、反馈导向对新员工反馈寻求行为和社会化结果的影响。纵向选取53个团队中304个入职9个月内的新员工为调查样本,运用多层回归和结构方程模型进行验证。研究结果表明,团队真实型领导和反馈导向正向影响新员工反馈寻求行为,团队真实型领导显著正向调节反馈导向与新员工反馈寻求行为之间的关系;在高团队真实型领导水平下,高反馈导向的新员工表现出更频繁的反馈寻求行为;团队真实型领导与反馈导向的交互作用通过新员工反馈寻求行为对角色清晰度、社会融入度和工作满意度3个社会化结果起间接积极作用,表明团队真实型领导可以促进新员工有更多的反馈寻求行为,进而帮助他们成功社会化。     

大学英语教学改革与大学英语教学语言改善

英语教学语言是教师执行教学的工具,同时还是学生语言输入的一个重要来源。教师教学语言的数量和质量会影响甚至决定课堂教学的成败。我们的大学英语教学要按照2004年教育部新颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》进行改革,要上台阶,就必须分析教师的教学语言,努力改变目前大学英语教师教学语言的现状。     

心理疏导疗法中信息控制模型的建立和应用

心理疏导疗法引入信息论并在理论上建立了一个信息控制模型.该信息控制模型主要以医患系统为核心,通过医患互动实现治疗信息与反馈信息转换,进而促进患者认知结构的改变。     

Attempts to Increase Vehicle Safety-Belt Use Among Industry Workers

Abstract

A multiple intervention level hierarchy was evaluated with systematic implementation of successive interventions over a period of two years. Successive applications of written prompts, goal-setting, goal-setting plus feedback, and promise-card commitment interventions did not significantly impact the safety-belt use of 556 employees at a manufacturing plant in southwest Virginia. A modest increase in safety-belt use (from 59% to 68%) occurred only when a promise-card commitment strategy was combined with an incentive/reward strategy. These data support a multiple intervention level hierarchy which suggests that repeated attempts to change behavior with interventions at the same level of intrusiveness will not affect behavior uninfluenced by the first attempt at that level. A flow of behavior change model (Geller, 1999) is used to explain the impact of interventions on people at different stages of readiness for behavior change and to extend the multiple intervention level model. Suggestions are given for selecting the most appropriate behavior change strategy for large-scale applications.     

外语课堂互动中的修正性反馈：教师信念与课堂教学行为关系研究

运用个案研究法，聚焦于三位英语专业精读课教师的修正性反馈教学信念和课堂行为，结果发现：不同教师所持的教学信念互不相同。他们的课堂教学行为也存在巨大差异；同一教师持有内部相矛盾的信念；由于教学环境和教师所调用的知识类型的不同。同一教师的教学信念和教学行为之间虽具有一定的联系，但二者差异很大。     

Using Students' Written Feedback on 'Race' Issues to Enhance Self-Regulated Learning

Encouraging students to self-regulate their learning in relationto ‘race’ issues would appear to be pertinent toa profession that promotes life-long learning and holds valuesof self-determination and respect for the individual at itscore. This study examined the written feedback students receivedin relation to key assignments in years two and three of a socialwork degree programme. The findings suggest that feedback isseldom used in a way that might enhance students understandingof ‘race’ issues. If students are developing anunderstanding of racism and anti-racist practice, then it doesnot appear to be a result of the written feedback from tutorsand practice teachers. Given the importance of feedback in helpingstudents to self-regulate and develop their learning, it maybe useful to adopt a more principled approach.     

中外大学英语教师课堂反馈语比较分析

通过课堂录音和问卷调查,分析比较中外英语教师在我国大学英语课堂中常用反馈语的情况,并从心理学的角度观察到教师的反馈语反映了教师的态度,从而引发学生相应的态度。因此,在课堂教学中,教师应该以更积极的态度关注学生的情感,经常性使用真诚的、肯定的,尤其是表扬式的反馈话语,以提高学生的英语学习兴趣。