Defamation,gender and hierarchy in late medieval Yorkshire

This article focuses on a late-fourteenth-century defamation suit from the ecclesiastical court of York to demonstrate the granular nature of gender identity and homosocial cooperation and competition across status groups. In this case, a dispute between two gentry families developed into an accusation of sexual dishonour against the father of an unmarried pregnant woman. The analysis of networks of homosocial interaction reveals the gendered composition of reputation and identity at the social level. Male anxiety solidified around honesty in sexual and personal dealings, while concerns about social and religious status arose as the scandal became widely publicized. The study qualifies works on masculinity and insult in late-medieval society, demonstrating the significance of sexual honour and speech in men’s disputes over reputation. It also illustrates the extent to which patriarchal authority could be enforced through control over the sexual activity of dependent men. Despite the involvement of gentry and lower aristocratic parties, the perspectives of women and non-elite men are visible and reveal the limits of patriarchal control in gentry households. Thus, the article delineates the nature of disputes between elite and lower-status men, tracing the boundaries of reputations, as well as their protection and maintenance in periods of conflict.     

基于增发新股交易操纵的国内承销商声誉模型

市场制度是国内承销商声誉认证失效的直观原因,也是国内承销商交易操纵的重要因素。为分析制度因素和交易操纵对国内承销商声誉形成的影响,本文建立了增发新股中的国内承销商声誉模型,以考察承销商声誉形成过程。结果表明,增发新股中交易操纵使得国内承销商声誉认证失效,一种是一致失职的恶性状态,另一种是类似蛛网理论的恶性循环,高声誉承销商不重视声誉而失职、低声誉注重声誉反而尽职,这与美国声誉认证效应完全相反。模型结果为国内承销商声誉认证失效提供新的模型解释,也为监管层提供建立国内承销商声誉机制的途径。     

平台服务和物流服务对网络商家信心的影响——商家信誉的调节作用

在电子商务平台中,商家日常经营所需的服务与传统零售业有所不同,主要包括平台服务和物流服务两种。商家信心决定着平台的生存发展,但尚未有文献从信心视角对平台服务和物流服务展开研究。本文使用3995位淘宝店铺经营者的调查数据,建立次序回归模型分析发现:平台服务和物流服务都对商家信心有正向影响;商家信誉具有调节作用,随着信誉等级的提高,平台服务对商家信心的影响逐渐增强;而信誉等级较低的商家信心更容易受物流服务影响。     

对我国缔约过失责任理论的两点质疑

缔约过失责任的承担,不以存在有效合同关系为前提。缔约过失责任的基础在于诚信原则。诚信原则仅对合同自由原则起限制和补充作用。这两个原则平衡的结果要求,缔约过失责任的主观构成要件仅限于故意和重大过失,一般过失和轻微过失不构成缔约过失责任。     

竞合视角下企业组织联盟知识共享演化与激励

基于知识共享基本价值、效应、影响因素的分析, 构造企业组织联盟各方知识共享的收益函数, 建立知识共享的演化博弈模型, 研究知识共享群体的演化稳定策略, 讨论各种情形企业组织联盟竞合下知识共享群体系统均衡点的存在性和稳定性, 以及竞合下知识共享双方知识吸收能力、价值增值、杠杆作用、协同效应、负面影响、共享成本、声誉损失、边际收益等因素对企业组织联盟知识共享群体演化的作用。研究结果表明:企业组织联盟形成知识共享稳定状态的概率与价值增值、负面影响、共享成负相关, 与杠杆作用、协同效应、声誉损失正相关, 与知识吸收能力无关。可通过降低企业组织联盟独自拥有的知识的价值、降低知识共享的负面影响、建立声誉机制、降低知识共享成本来促进企业组织联盟向理想状态演化。     

企业声誉与并购溢价决策——基于业绩期望差距的调节效应

现有文献对企业并购溢价的影响因素展开了丰富的探讨,但鲜有涉及企业维持自身良好声誉的动机对并购溢价决策影响的分析。基于2007—2017年我国沪深A股上市公司样本,对上述问题进行了实证检验,并考察了业绩期望差距的调节作用,结果发现:企业声誉越高,企业为了维护自身声誉进行并购活动所支付的并购溢价越高。无论以历史期望业绩、行业期望业绩还是以资本市场期望业绩来度量企业期望业绩,实际业绩与期望差距越大,企业声誉对并购溢价的正向影响越强。进一步研究表明,企业为了维持声誉而支付高溢价的并购活动在短期内会取得较好并购绩效,但长期来看对企业业绩具有潜在的负面影响;企业业绩期望差距越大,这种负面影响越强。企业通过并购战略维护自身声誉应注重并购过程中的风险,避免因付出过高并购成本对未来发展产生不利的影响。     

Cooperation and Punishment

We show that, in repeated common interest games without discounting, strong ‘perturbation implies efficiency’ results require that the perturbations must include strategies that are ‘draconian’ in the sense that they are prepared to punish to the maximum extent possible. Moreover, there is a draconian strategy whose presence in the perturbations guarantees that any equilibrium is efficient. We also argue that the results of Anderlini and Sabourian (1995) using perturbation strategies that are cooperative (and hence nondraconian) are not due to computability per se but to the further restrictions they impose on allowable beliefs.     

Restoring reputations in times of crisis: An experimental study of the Situational Crisis Communication Theory and the moderating effects of locus of control

This study attempts to provide empirical evidence for Coombs’ (2007) Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), which provides guidelines for matching crisis response strategies to crisis types to best restore organizational reputations in times of crisis. The impact of crisis type and crisis response strategies on perceptions of corporate reputation is measured for 316 consumers participating in a 3 (crisis type: victim crisis, accidental crisis, preventable crisis) × 3 (crisis response: deny strategy, diminish strategy, rebuild strategy) between-subjects experimental design. The results show that preventable crises have the most negative effects on organizational reputation and that the rebuild strategy leads to the most positive reputational restoration. Moreover, the more severe people judge a crisis to be, the more negative are their perceptions of the organization's reputation. The interaction effect between crisis type and crisis response strategies on corporate reputation is not significant. However, a person's locus of control has a moderating impact on the relationship between crisis response strategy and organizational reputation. Specifically, the results show that people with an external locus of control prefer the use of deny strategies more than people with an internal locus of control.     

论虚拟人格名誉权的法律保护

网络的发展对社会关系的重新调整和社会行为的变化产生了广泛影响。与此同时,与网络相关联的犯罪案件和各类纠纷也日渐增多。其中如何对网络主体虚拟人格的名誉权进行保护,成了法律界的热点问题。从对虚拟人格名誉权的现状出发,分析我国对此问题的立法现状及对其进行保护的必要性,并提出对其进行保护的制度架构。     

电子商务信誉管理系统的多维评分模型

介绍了信誉管理系统的内涵及目前普遍存在的问题,研究发现目前使用的信誉管理系统的单维评分模型存在一些缺陷。为此,重点探讨了多维评分模型的设计,引入了决策科学中的本征向量方法确定各维的权重,设计出能从不同角度更准确地反映客户信誉的多维信誉管理系统。