新型流水线ADC的设计与分析

设计和分析了一种新型的流水线式模数转换器。电路设计主要包括一种开关采样差分折叠式共源共栅增益级、两个时钟控制动态比较器组成的两位模数转换器、两位数模转换器。由于采用了电容下极板采样、全差分和开关栅电压自举,有效地消除了开关管的电荷注入效应、时钟馈通效应引起的采样信号的误差,提高了模数转换器的线性度、信噪比、转换精度和速度。该转换器的设计是在0.6μm CMOS工艺下实现,转换器在采样频率为5MHz、信号频率为500kHz时功耗为70mW;SFDR为80 dB。     

Simulation and optimization of a new waste remediation process

In the development of large scale technologically advanced projects and procedures, it is often necessary to project the life cycle cost elements of a full production system based upon test results from a much smaller prototype facility. This paper describes an application of simulation to characterize equipment and facilities for a large-scale vitrification plant, based upon available results, expert opinion, and classical cost estimating techniques. This study improves the understanding of the vitrification process and reduced cost uncertainties. Further, it details how optimization was incorporated in modeling the minimum additive waste stabilization blending process to reduce the cost of additives and provide a more rigorous estimate of overall system cost.     

Children in Need? Listening to Children whose Parent or Carer is HIV Positive

Correspondence to Kay Tisdall, University of Edinburgh School of Social and Political Studies, Adam Ferguson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LL, UK. E-mail: K.Tisdall{at}ed.ac.uk Summary International attention is being brought to the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. In contrast, HIV and AIDS risk being forgottenissues for those living in Scotland. Yet in 2002, numbers ofreported infections have begun to rise. Children and young peopleare even more likely to be affected by parental HIV now, asparents live longer and are able to have more children. Verylittle is known in Scotland about affected children and whethercurrent service provision meets their needs. This research projectsought to address certain of these gaps, by gathering quantitativedata from service providers and qualitative data from interviewing28 affected children and young people. The research found adearth in policies and services, and a failure to audit need.HIV education in schools did not acknowledge that pupils mightbe living with parents who had HIV illness. Children and youngpeople tended to be very involved in the health care of theirparent but none of them received direct support from healthworkers. On the whole the children and young people did notenjoy support from statutory social workers but appreciatedthe support and activities provided by workers in the voluntarysector.     

我国证券市场新股发行定价方法演变及评述

新股发行定价始终是我国证券市场引人关注的问题之一。本文以新股发行定价方法及发行定价方式为基础,回顾了我国新股发行定价的演进轨迹,并对各阶段定价方法进行了分析评述,得出应结合我国国情对证券市场新股发行定价进行市场化改革的结论。     

"CAD/CAM/CAE课程综合训练"教学的实践与探讨

文章介绍了"CAD/CAM/CAE课程综合训练"教学中的体会,阐述了CAD/CAM/CAE实践性教学中要以统一数字化产品模型为主线,让学生树立信息集成的思想,并对CAD/CAM/CAE教学提出了建议.     

Cohabitation and Marriage in a Risky World

Different couples are analyzed in presence of income uncertainty and precautionary saving. Married couples have legal restrictions on their relationship that force them to act cooperatively, while cohabitants with limited commitment act non-cooperatively. This makes risk sharing different for different couples; married couples share risk completely, while cohabitants share risk to a lesser extent due to their lack of commitment and cooperation. This makes precautionary savings greater for cohabitants than for married couples. However, cohabitants also tend to undersave to possibly increase assistance from their partner. However, mutual altruism mitigates the inefficiencies and enforces time consistent risk sharing among cohabitants.I am thankful to Jonas Agell, Sophia Grahn-Voorneveld, Peter Kooreman and to Mats Persson for valuable comments on an earlier version. I have also received useful comments from the editor and from two anonymous referees. Generous financial support from the Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation and from Knut and Alice Wallenbergs Foundation is gratefully acknowledged.     

FIDIC合同条件中APO／APC情景下的索赔

正确处理施工现场条件下不利的实际障碍或自然条件,关键在于分清其存在的三种主要类型,实施有针对性的费用索赔和工期索赔,在索赔过程中,承包商需注意应对业主对相关"免责条款"的应用。同时还必须将APO/APC与其他非正常的自然条件区别开来。     

The Needle and the Damage Done: Research, Action Research, and the Organizational and Social Construction of Health in the “Information Society”

This paper critically reviews the actionresearch paradigm that has evolved over the last 50years within and outside The Tavistock Insitute, withreference to radical shifts in the social construction of medicine and health that are occurring as aresult of the transition toward the informationsociety. The medical domain has been chosen as anappropriate space within which to review the actionresearch paradigm because it bridges both the past andfuture of the Institute. The paper firstly considers theoriginal conception of action research andsociotechnical systems, and the role of consultants, in relation to Foucualt's analysis of powerrelations, social control, and dividingpractices. It then describes and analyzes recentdevelopments in the field of medicine and healthcareservice provision that, on the one hand, offer opportunities forincreased self-management and control by consumers overphysical, social, and emotional self-hoodand on the other could lead to further socialsurveillance and the domination and subjectification of theindividual. Drawing on recent work using innovativemodels of action research in the field of HIV/AIDS, thepaper concludes by discussing ways in which action research could harness developments ininformation and communication technologies to maximizeindividual and collective engagement in new forms oforganizational and social relations.     

Individualism/Collectivism Orientations and Reactions Toward Alternative Human Resource Management Practices

In this study, we examined the relationship between individualism collectivism orientations of potential job seekers and their reactions toward alternative human resource management (HRM) practices in the areas of selection, performance appraisal, reward system, career system, and employment security. Using several subdimensions of individualism collectivism, we found many significant relationships between individualism collectivism orientations and preferences for alternative human resource management practices that might affect the effectiveness of alternative HRM practices.