经济体制转型时期政企分开与政府职能转变的思考

经济体制转型时期，政企分开与政府职能的转变具有密切的关系。两者不仅经历了在实践中逐步探索、逐步明确的历史发展过程，而且成为当前急需解决的紧迫任务。政府及其职能部门要适应角色转换的要求，建立和完善以间接手段为主的宏观调控体系。     

隔离墙及其影响

以色列修建隔离墙一事一直受到世人关注，看法也各不相同。然而，究竟什么是隔离墙?隔离墙的影响有那些?如何看待以单方面修建隔离墙呢?     

对北京外来工的权利保护研究

本文通过对北京外来工遭遇的超时工作、拖欠工资、歧视、人身侵犯、辱骂、财物欺诈等侵权现象的实证研究,指出目前外来工权利受侵犯现象严重;虽然外来工对权益的自我保护意识不弱,但因为救济手段不足,目前外来工权利保护状况很差,侵权救济不充分;外来工社会权利保护不利的深层原因在于城乡分离的社会体制。     

Beyond the nature/society divide: Learning to think about a mountain

Sociological efforts to understand environment-society relationships fall primarily into four conceptual categories. The first three, involving analytical separation, analytical primacy, and balanced dualism, all draw distinctions between biophysical and social aspects of human experience, with subsequent analyses being based on thesea priori distinctions. The fourth or constructivist approach questions this naturalized dichotomy, calling attention instead to mutual contingency or conjoint constitution: What we take to be physical facts are likely to be strongly shaped by social construction processes, and at the same time, what we take to be strictly social will often have been shaped in part by taken-for-granted realities of the physical world. Technology offers important opportunities for tracing these interconnections, being an embodiment of both the physical and the social. The point is illustrated with a long-term historical analysis of a specific physiographic feature—a mountain—that has undergone little overtphysical change over the centuries, but has undergone repeated changes in its social meanings and uses. Few of the changes would have been possible in the absence of the mountain's physiographic characteristics; similarly, few would have occurred in the absence of changing sociocultural definitions and possibilities. The challenge for sociology is not just to recognize the importance of both the physical and the social factors, and certainly not to argue over the relative importance of the two, but to recognize the extent to which what we take to be physical and social factors can be conjointly constituted.The paper's subtitle is intended as a tribute to Aldo Leopold and to one of his most famous essays (1949).     

Using the Therapeutic Relationship to Promote an Internal Locus of Control in Elderly Mental Health Clients

Seniors who feel powerless to effect change on their environment or who feel that their lives are controlled by external circumstances are said to have an external locus of control. This may adversely affect commitment to and participation in mental health treatment. This article presents the conce t of using the therapeutic relationship to encourage internal contro f' beliefs in elderly mental health clients, with the goal of promoting personal empowerment and improving the efficacy of therapy. Included is a review of litera- ture relevant to aging and locus of control. The develoament of an external locus of conbol is explained by the theories of self psychol- ogy and the social breakdown syndrome.     

从“官吏分途”到“层级分流”:帝国逻辑下的中国官僚人事制度

魏晋南北朝以来的“官吏分途”是中国官僚体制的重大制度变迁,本文从这一角度出发,审视当代中国官员的空间流动状况,提出以“官吏相对谱系”为特点的“层级分流”模式。文章从周雪光的“帝国逻辑”分析框架出发,借用史学研究和社会科学理论来认识和解释人事制度安排与帝国治理逻辑之间的关系。文章认为,从“官吏分途”到“层级分流”,这一人事制度造成了官僚体制的二元结构及其迥然不同的职业生涯、激励设置和利益群体,为中国官僚体制的运作打上了鲜明烙印。本文充实和扩展了“帝国逻辑”的理论思路。     

Chilean Adaptation and Validation of the Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale–Short Form

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of a short version of the Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS–SF; Fisher, 1978) in the Chilean context. Participants were 260 individuals who were divorced or separated. The FDAS–SF included 22 of the original 100 items, and its factorial structure was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Instead of the 6 original subscales proposed by its author, the structure that showed the best fit to the data was composed of 5 subscales: self-worth, disentanglement from the ex-partner, anger, grief, and social trust. The social self-worth subscale was excluded. Reliability analyses revealed good internal consistency of the subscales and adequate convergent validity with depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction. Given the psychometric properties of this short version, it can be concluded that the FDAS–SF can be used in the Chilean context to evaluate the adjustment to divorce and separation.     

万维网的小世界效应探讨

在工程信息的长期安全保存和可靠调用过程中，存在着信息和其使用系统之间的兼容问题和对信息定期检查、移存、转化的时间和效率问题。目前国内外对这两类问题还没有可行的解决方法和技术。介绍了“六度分离”现象和经典的小世界网络模型，提出了WWW模型的架构，并在此基础上提出了万维网中任意两个网页间链接路径的搜索算法和计算万维网的特征路径长度，借此验证万维网具有小世界效应，为解决大量级和分散性信息的管理问题提供了可靠的科学依据。     

论宪政制度对美国外交政策的影响与作用

美国宪政的基本原则是权力的分立制约与合作主政，表现在外交权力上就是宪法把处理外交事务和军事事务的权力交给总统和国会共同行使；但它只是把一些具体权力分别赋予了国会和总统，却未明确总统与国会的外交权力界限，更没有规定外交事务到底由谁来负责，这就为二者之问的权力斗争埋下了种子。美国宪政制度中的分权制衡和权力中心“漂浮不定”特点，虽对外交政策带来很大的掣肘作用，但却从制度上为实现国家利益的最大化提供了宪政保证。     

论杜波依斯的“双重意识”及其对美国黑人文学的影响

通过对杜波依斯的介绍及其"双重意识"概念的解释,阐述了美国黑人的内在心理冲突问题和困惑所在.指出杜波依斯"双重意识"的概念是欧洲浪漫主义和美国超验主义的产物,从象征意义和比喻意义两方面讨论了"双重意识"的内涵.指出"双重意识"揭示了黑人性格的二重性和黑人作家的两难抉择.分析了黑人文学作品中出现同化和分离之间的持续张力的原因,强调了杜波依斯提出的"双重意识"的重要作用.