On asymptotic non-normality of null distributions of mrpp statistics

Severe departures from normality occur frequently for null distributions of statistics associated with applications of mulLi-response permutation procedures (MRPP) for either small or large finite populations. This paper describes the commonly encountered situation associated with asymptotic non-normality for null distributions of MRPP statistics which does not depend on the underlying multivariate distribution. In addition, this paper establishes the existence of a non-degenerate underlying distribution for which the null distributions of MRPP statistics are asymptotically non-normal for essentially all size structure configurations. It is known that MRPP statistics are symmetric versions of a broader class of statistics, most of which are asymmetric. Because of the non-normality associated with null distributions of MRPP statistics, this paper includes necessary results for inferences based on the exact first three moments of anv statistic in this broader class (analogous to existing results for MRPP statistics).     

党的指导思想的层次性与江泽民思想的历史定位

党的指导思想是有层次性的。从历史定位的角度看,从准确表述党的指导思想的角度考虑,从社会主义运动和社会主义思想发展队段着眼,应提出并确立"邓小平江泽民理论思想"这一范畴,并以之作为继毛泽东思想之后马克思主义在中国发展的历史新阶段和党在新世纪、在社会主义历史新阶段的指导思想。作为党的指导思想的"邓小平江泽民理论思想"是邓小平理论的历史发展和丰富升华;而作为研究对象(社会主义思想史研究、党史研究和其他学术研究),邓小平理论范畴可以继续使用,并可以使用江泽民思想范畴。     

Forecasting Accuracy of Alternative Techniques: A Comparison of U.S. Macroeconomic Forecasts

This article introduces and discusses a new measure of the relative economic affluence (REA) between income distributions with different means. The REA measure D is applied to the U.S. white and black household income distributions of 1967 and 1979. The measure D shows that the REA of the white households with respect to the black households decreased from 1967 to 1979. This conclusion contrasts with those obtained by applications of distance or quasi-distance functions. It is shown in this study that REA measures and distance functions address different and relevant issues. An REA measure deals with the relation “more affluent than” and defines a partial strict ordering over the set of pairs of income distributions—that is, the relation is asymmetric and transitive—whereas a distance function accounts for the dissimilarity between distributions without imposing an ordering relation and hence fulfills the symmetry property.     

Inference in the presence of ranking error in ranked set sampling

The author proposes inference techniques for ranked set sample data in the presence of judgment ranking errors. He bases his analysis on the models of Bohn & Wolfe (1994) and Frey (2007a, b), of which parameters are estimated by minimizing a distance measure. He then uses the fitted models to calibrate confidence intervals and tests. He shows the validity of his approach through simulation and illustrates its application through the construction of distribution‐free confidence intervals for the median area of apple tree leaves covered by a spray.     

我国资信评估业发展中存在的问题及对策

目前 ,我国资信评估业经过十余年的发展 ,仍然存在着资信评估机构缺乏自主性 ,未能做到独立运行 ,资信评估效应不显著 ,资信评估指标不统一 ,方法各异等需要解决的问题。尤其是在我国加入WT0后 ,加快发展我国的资信评估业具有极其深刻的现实意义     

对山西省高校高水平运动员学籍管理现状的调查与分析

采用文献资料调研法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,对山西省高校高水平运动员学籍管理现状进行了研究与分析。研究结果表明:山西高校所招收的高水平运动员都能按照各校学籍管理规定按时完成入学与注册手续的办理,但是部分学校存在高水平运动员的"挂靠"现象;在成绩的考核与记载方面,山西大部分高校对运动员大学生都采用插班教学,与普通大学生使用相同的教学大纲、教学进度,在考试时使用相同的试卷,在成绩记载时依据体育竞赛的成绩给予相应加分的办法。     

大学综合排名竞争策略研究——基于网大（www．netbig．com）大学排行榜的实证分析

关于提升大学综舍排名的竞争策略，可以运用累积Logit模型来研究各评价指标排名对大学综合排名的影响效应，通过提高那些对综合排名影响效应较大的指标排名，能更有效地促进综合排名的提高，从而确定有效的排名竞争策略。利用网大（www．netbig．com）“中国大学排行榜”的排名数据进行实证分析，得出排名越靠前的大学通过提升“声誉”和“学术成果”名次能最有效提升综合排名。而排名越靠后的大学则通过提升“学术资源”和“物资资源”名次能最有效提升综合排名等结论。     

语际差异及语内变异之优选论分析

优选论通过制约条件的排列顺序,不仅可以说明不同语言之间的差异,同时还可以说明同一语言内不同环境中所产生的变异现象。舌尖音的标记性比唇音和软腭音的标记性低,因此,英语中舌尖音经常被脱落的现象,也可以在优选论框架中用标记性层级关系来说明。     

A Risk-Based Approach to Setting Priorities in Protecting Bridges Against Terrorist Attacks

This article presents an approach to the problem of terrorism risk assessment and management by adapting the framework of the risk filtering, ranking, and management method. The assessment is conducted at two levels: (1) the system level, and (2) the asset-specific level. The system-level risk assessment attempts to identify and prioritize critical infrastructures from an inventory of system assets. The definition of critical infrastructures offered by Presidential Decision Directive 63 was used to determine the set of attributes to identify critical assets--categorized according to national, regional, and local impact. An example application is demonstrated using information from the Federal Highway Administration National Bridge Inventory for the State of Virginia. Conversely, the asset-specific risk assessment performs an in-depth analysis of the threats and vulnerabilities of a specific critical infrastructure. An illustration is presented to offer some insights in risk scenario identification and prioritization, multiobjective evaluation of management options, and extreme-event analysis for critical infrastructure protection.     

Assessing Cross-Media Impacts: A Comparative Risk Approach

The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality has developed a Cross-Media Comparative Risk Assessment model to address certain regulatory concerns. The model generates a Human and Ecological Risk Index for a facility releasing toxins into the environment. The risk indices are based on chemical fate and transport predictions, toxicity, population density, and ecological sensitive areas. The model can be used to rank facilities for inspection or as a tool to assess the progress of pollution prevention programs. Regulatory permitting departments can use the model to address the cross-media transfer of pollutants from one environmental compartment to another. The versatility of the model allows adaptation to each specific users needs.