供应商与制造商信息共享及对收益影响研究

从供应链中的制造商与供应商的信息共享角度出发,在多供应商、单制造商模式下,提出了定价激励模型,并就其适用范围进行了阐述。通过该模型对信息共享与信息不共享下两类供应商的供货量、成本与利润分析表明,信息不共享模式下的供应商在供应量与利润方面会逐渐减少,成本会逐渐增加。因此,供应商与制造商信息共享,对于双方收益的提高都有好处,有利于实现＂双赢＂的目的。     

事务所规模、品牌声誉和竞争度对审计费用的影响——来自我国A股市场的证据

该文通过对2003-2009年我国A股上市公司审计费用进行分析,结果发现,事务所规模越大、品牌声誉越好、省市审计市场地位领先的事务所,越能够获得高额审计费用,其中声誉对审计费用的影响最大,其次是事务所规模,最后的市场占有率。同时,该文还发现Top10会对国有企业采用低价竞争策略,而Big4则不会降低审计费用;对于民营企业,Big4和Top10均不会采用低价竞争策略。     

基于连续时间动态博弈的供应链声誉及其微分对策研究

着眼于企业及其供应链的可持续发展,纳入时间因素分析供应链协调问题.基于供应链视角考虑顾客价值开拓,并将其本质抽象为“供应链声誉”的构建过程.针对这一供应链动态协调问题,基于供应链成员企业之间的长期合作关系,在连续时间背景下采用变分法建立了供应链各方关于供应链声誉的微分对策模型,通过求解该模型发现在拟约束方程组有解时Nash均衡存在,并求出了相应的最优微分对策.这些理论研究结论阐明了长期的、稳定的合作关系对于实现供应链协调的意义,对于实践中供应链动态协调的实现具有一定的启发与参考价值.论文最后对相关结论进行了数值分析.     

Reputational Bargaining With Minimal Knowledge of Rationality

Two players announce bargaining postures to which they may become committed and then bargain over the division of a surplus. The share of the surplus that a player can guarantee herself under first‐order knowledge of rationality is determined (as a function of her probability of becoming committed), as is the bargaining posture that she must announce in order to guarantee herself this much. This “maxmin” share of the surplus is large relative to the probability of becoming committed (e.g., it equals 30% if the commitment probability is 1 in 10 and equals 13% if the commitment probability is 1 in 1000), and the corresponding bargaining posture simply demands this share plus compensation for any delay in reaching agreement.     

Supplier Selection for Framework Agreements in Humanitarian Relief

In this study, we consider the supplier selection problem of a relief organization that wants to establish framework agreements (FAs) with a number of suppliers to ensure quick and cost‐effective procurement of relief supplies in responding to sudden‐onset disasters. Motivated by the FAs in relief practice, we focus on a quantity flexibility contract in which the relief organization commits to purchase a minimum total quantity from each framework supplier over a fixed agreement horizon, and, in return, the suppliers reserve capacity for the organization and promise to deliver items according to pre‐specified agreement terms. Due to the uncertainties in demand locations and amounts, it may be challenging for relief organizations to assess candidate suppliers and the offered agreement terms. We use a scenario‐based approach to represent demand uncertainty and develop a stochastic programming model that selects framework suppliers to minimize expected procurement and agreement costs while meeting service requirements. We perform numerical experiments to understand the implications of agreement terms in different settings. The results show that supplier selection decisions and costs are generally more sensitive to the changes in agreement terms in settings with high‐impact disasters. Finally, we illustrate the applicability of our model on a case study.     

Quality Risk Ratings in Global Supply Chains

Extended enterprises face many challenges in managing the product quality of their suppliers. Consequently characterizing the quality risk posed by value‐chain partners has become increasingly important. There have been several recent efforts to develop frameworks for rating the quality risk posed by suppliers. We develop an analytical model to examine the impact of such quality ratings on suppliers, manufacturers, and social welfare. While it might seem that quality ratings would benefit high‐quality suppliers and hurt low‐quality suppliers, we show that this is not always the case. We find that such quality ratings can hurt both types of suppliers or benefit both, depending on the market conditions. We also find that quality ratings do not always benefit the most demanding manufacturers who desire high‐quality suppliers. Finally, we find that social welfare is not always improved by risk ratings. These results suggest that public policy initiatives addressing risk ratings must be carefully considered.     

国家的制度供给者角色与东亚奇迹

战后东亚先后开始的高速经济增长堪称奇迹。奇迹的原因固然离不开市场经济制度,但如果国家仅仅是＂守夜人＂或小政府,不可能导致东亚奇迹;国家作为＂制度供给者＂,不断推出以有效率的产权制度为核心的市场经济制度,是东亚奇迹创生的关键。     

不同类型组织R＆D行为与绩效差异分析

有效开展R＆D是实现经济增长、组织进步的关键,主流经济学探索了技术进步和经济发展的内在关系,提出技术进步是通过组织和单个行为人的行动实现的。在构建R＆D活动中组织行为逻辑的基础上,文章采取分层抽样的统计方法,对甘肃省2007年的科技计划项目进行了分析,比较了高等院校、企业和科研院所的几种典型行为,从而印证了组织的行为逻辑。     

Framing the corporate responsibility-reputation linkage: The case of Tata Motors in India

This study, focusing on the emerging economy context of one of India's largest automotive companies, Tata Motors, analyzes the thematic framing of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate reputation. Five CSR frames are shown: institutionalization, community development, modernization, mainstreaming, and nation-building. Reputation is framed via: heritage, nationbuilding, technological advancement, global footprint, and responsibility. The findings suggest how firms may better align their CSR efforts with regular business, and their larger public relations campaigns with wider social perceptions of their responsibilities.     

我国上市公司审计费用影响因素实证研究

为明确我国上市公司审计费用影响因素及事务所的定价策略是否相同,对2003—2009年A股上市公司审计费用进行分析,结果表明事务所规模越大、品牌声誉越好、在省市审计市场地位越领先,其越能够获得高额审计费用。其中,事务所声誉对审计费用的影响最大,其次是事务所规模,最后是事务所市场占有率。