京津冀协同发展现状、问题与对策——基于区域协调机制的视角

京津冀协同发展是我国区域协调发展的一个重要组成部分,京津冀都市圈区域规划早在2004年就已经启动,2007年已正式上报国务院,但迟迟没有批复的消息。京津冀都市圈区域规划推进不力有众多原因,其中市场经济发展不成熟、政治因素介入过多、合作的制度供给不足、合作的制度实施不力等是几个主要原因。那么,接下来就要从发挥市场的激励机制、保障制度供给充足、保障制度实施到位等几个方面做出努力。     

Looking Forward,Looking Back: Collective Memory and Neighborhood Identity in Two Urban Parks

Collective memory and narratives of local history shape the ways people imagine a neighborhood's present situation and future development, processes that reflect tensions related to identity and struggles over resources. Using an urban culturalist lens and a focus on collective representations of place, I compare two nearby New York parks to uncover why, despite many similarities, they support different patterns of meaning making and use. Drawing on ethnographic observation, interviews, and secondary analysis, I show that multi‐vocal and fragmented contexts of collective memory help explain the uneven nature of gentrification processes, with one park serving as its cultural fulcrum while the other is left at the sidelines.     

Effect of the Imagination Library on caregiver–child literacy interactions and school readiness: findings from two quasi-experimental propensity score studies

The paper reports findings of two quasi-experimental, propensity score matched (PSM) studies on the effects of Imagination Library (IL). IL is a community book-distribution program targeting improved caregiver–child literacy interactions, which are hypothesized to lead to increased school readiness – consisting of improved emergent literacy skills and social-emotional school readiness. In Study One, interviews were used to examine proximal increases in the quality of child–caregiver literacy interactions with 112 PSM families (IL?=?56; non-IL?=?56). Small effects were observed in Study One favoring IL families on reading interactions (d?=?.043). In Study Two, 378 PSM kindergarten students (IL?=?189; non-IL?=?189) were compared with regard to standardized tests of emergent literacy skills and social-emotional school readiness – distal outcomes of IL. No effects were observed in Study Two. Taken together, these two studies run counter to prior reports on the effects of IL and suggest that more must be done to improve emergent literacy and school readiness beyond simply providing free books.     

谈句法学和语用学的一些相互作用

假设在构成语言能力的诸因素中可以分离出两种不同的成分 "句法语义成分 "和 "语用学成分 " ,那么前者所涉及的是句子的意义和句法形式之间的关系 ,后者涉及的是怎样使用和运用语言手段去促使语言交流的成功。具体地讲 ,我们可以把某一句法语义派生过程设想成逻辑结构和表面结构之间的一种映射。这类映射规则是句法学和语用学的一些相互作用的具体表现     

论《儒林外史》中的文人交往

清代小说《儒林外史》记载了各式各样的文人交往。通过与传统所倡导的交友之道即忠恕、诚信、从义不从利、适度原则相对照,该小说中的文人交往呈现出如下特点:第一,文本中超过半数的文人交往颠覆了传统;第二,符合传统所倡导的交友之道的文人交往集中在贤人和下层人物身上,而以下层人物为主的交往尤其值得重视;第三,解构与建构交叉进行。本文亦阐述了《儒林外史》中的文人交往之所以会有上述特点的原因:一是与作者的际遇有关;二是与明清两代的友道观念有关;三是与《儒林外史》的选材和写作目的有关。     

Parasitoid-mediated effects: apparent competition and the persistence of host–parasitoid assemblages

Indirect effects such as apparent competition (in which two hosts that do not compete for resources interact via a shared natural enemy) are increasingly being shown to be prevalent in the structure and function of ecological assemblages. Here, we review the empirical and theoretical evidence for these enemy-mediated effects in host–parasitoid assemblages. We first address questions about the design of experiments to test for apparent competition. Second, we consider factors likely to affect the coexistence of host species that share a parasitoid and are involved in apparent competition. We show that parasitoid aggregation, and the switching effect that this can generate when hosts occur in separate patches, not only promotes persistence but is also strongly stabilizing. The broader consequences of these effects are discussed. Received: November 6, 1998 / Accepted: January 13, 1999     

作家共时性互动在文学史编纂中的意义——以英国伊丽莎白时期文坛三则互动事件为例

文学史编纂应该展示一个时代里作家的互动,突出他们之间的共时性影响,这既有助于读者了解个别作家和诗人的艺术成长过程,又有助于读者把握一些文学概念和观点形成的来龙去脉,还有助于读者厘清文学发展的脉络,把握个别作家与整个时代的文学特征。英国伊丽莎白时期文坛互动的三个实例,斯宾塞和哈维在通讯中有关参与＂诗法社＂英语新诗格律试验的讨论,坎皮恩和丹尼尔就诗歌押韵展开的论争,以及锡德尼等人对高松攻击诗歌的回应,可资为作家共时性影响的个案研究。     

日本社会城市化的历史轨迹——以战后东京城市发展过程中的城乡社会互动为中心

本文主要论述战后日本城市化的历史过程.指出:日本城市化过程是城乡互动的过程;以工业与住宅区的迁移为手段推进农村地区的城市化,但农民也在保存对土地的占有权的前提下有条件地接受农村城市化的这一现实;政府在这个过程中不断出台与完善相关法律,使城市化过程在法律的保障下顺利地进行;积极发挥民间团体在城市化过程中的作用,官民一体推动城市与农村的共生,实现社会和谐.     

基于二次创新动态过程的组织学习模式演进 —杭氧1996~2008纵向案例研究

突破性技术创新被定义为引领技术与产业发展的方向,同时也是国家增强综合国力、实现后发赶超的关键手段。作为一种新颖的创新形态,其动力机制如何,怎样发挥各要素间的协同效应还缺乏一致性结论。在现有文献基础上,针对突破性技术创新的特征,结合协同创新理论,从技术、市场、政策等视角对突破性技术创新的动力因素进行分析。然后,构建突破性技术创新技术驱动与市场驱动的协同效应模型。最后,以中国智能汽车发展为例进行案例分析,以期为企业实施突破性技术创新提供借鉴。     

京津冀法制一体化与协同立法

京津冀一体化长期以来被解读为市场一体化、公共服务一体化、环境保护和生态文明建设一体化与规划的一体化,对法制一体化重视不够。法制一体化是京津冀经济与社会发展的保障,缺少法制的一体化,京津冀难以持续发展。京津冀法制一体化可通过区域立法机构制定区域性法规或三地采用协同立法的方式予以实现,但后者比前者更契合当前的制度与现实。通过协同立法可消除三地规则不一致所引发的问题,应将协同立法作为京津冀法制一体化的主要形式。协同立法在性质上属于地方立法机构之间的合作,缺少约束力,具有一定的局限性。为最大限度发挥协同立法的作用,三地应共享立法信息,明确协同立法的原则,确定协同立法的重点,及时研究协同立法的实施效果,建立适合京津冀区域发展的协同立法模式与立法机制。