The relational costs of crossing class lines

How do low socioeconomic status students navigate cross-class interactions in extremely unequal contexts? Previous research has described the high costs of college integration for underprivileged students, which in turn, negatively impact academic performance and general wellbeing. These studies tend to concentrate on cultural capital costs, such as catching up with assumed middle-class or elite capital and dealing with two worlds. Less has been said about social capital costs, the costs of making friends, especially more privileged friends. Through 61 in-depth interviews with various types of students as part of a broader ethnographic fieldwork, this article analyses the experiences of low-income scholarship holders in an elite institution in a very unequal society, Colombia. Rather than isolating themselves or resorting to safe homophilic relations, they faced their new elite environment engaging with the hidden relational cost of making friends with more affluent students. In so doing, they had to overcome fears and experiences of discrimination and micro-aggressions, as well as cultural and economic capital barriers, and employed either camouflaging or disclosure strategies, sometimes becoming culturally and socially omnivorous. Symbolic belonging to the institution and the acquisition of middle-class cultural capital were among the benefits that made overcoming the costs worthy. Our results shed light on what institutions can do to reduce the costs for underprivileged students and, theoretically, unveil an important mechanism and barrier for social mobility: building cross-class ties.     

我国人口流动对房地产经济的影响研究

利用我国33个大中小城市2005—2018年的面板数据,从房地产投资、房地产消费、房地产开发企业规模3个方面选取11个指标,采用熵值法计算得到房地产经济综合指标,并构建静态与动态面板模型,探究人口流动对房地产经济的影响机制。实证结果表明：静态面板模型与动态面板模型回归结果均显示,全国层面人口流动对房地产经济发展具有显著的正向影响;静态面板回归结果显示,人口流入较快地区的房地产经济水平提高显著,而人口流入缓慢地区的房地产经济水平提高则不明显;动态面板回归结果显示,全国以及各地区房地产经济增长均存在“惯性”,且人口流入较快地区的房地产经济发展的“惯性”要大于人口流入缓慢地区。据此,政府应重视流动人口的区域协调性,引导人口流动合理分布;房地产企业则需结合人口流动趋势,调整房地产投资战略布局。     

论英汉时空特质连续统及其对二语习得的启示——兼与王文斌教授商榷

不同学者对英汉时空特质提出了不同的见解。表面上看，是由于不同的研究视角引致，深层次剖析却发现是因为英汉时空特质自身是一个连续统所致。具体来看，英语在词语层面凸显出“时间性”特质，到词组、句子和语篇层面，空间性则逐渐加强，在多义句、语篇层面主要反映出空间性；汉语在词语层面凸显出“空间性”特质，到词组、句子和语篇层面，时间性则逐渐加强，在多义句、语篇层面主要反映出时间性。厘清英汉时空特质连续统有助于准确预见EFL学习者可能遇到的困难，选择学习的重难点，采取恰当的教学方法，最终提高二语习得实效。     

Paradoxes of social mobility in London

We analyse social mobility in London and seek to address two paradoxes. Among people living in London, relative mobility, or social fluidity, appears to be remarkably low when compared with other regions of Great Britain. But social fluidity among people who were brought up in London is similar to that of people brought up elsewhere in Britain. This is our first paradox. Furthermore, it is widely held that social fluidity is higher among people with higher levels of education, yet, the proportion of people with a University degree is much higher among people living in London than in any other region: how is this compatible with its relatively low social fluidity? This is our second paradox. We address these puzzles and find that they are largely explained by patterns of migration into and out of London by two groups that have received little attention hitherto in studies of mobility in the capital: International migrants and people who were brought up in London but who no longer live there.     

长江经济带工业集聚与生态环境脱钩时空分析

工业集聚在推动我国经济增长的过程中，不时伴随资源浪费、能源高耗、污染物直排等生态问题，而长江经济带作为生态文明建设的先行示范带，其生态环境保护一直是重中之重。本文以2006—2015年为时间界限，以T1、T2、T3、T4和T55个时期为时间尺度，以长江经济带108个地级以上城市为空间尺度，从长江经济带、区域和市域视角，运用区位熵、熵值法，构建Tapio脱钩指数模型和追赶脱钩指数模型研究工业集聚与生态环境的脱钩关系，并结合空间分析方法使用ArcGIS10.4得出二者脱钩关系的空间分布图。     

COVID-19, (im)mobilities and blockages: Re-thinking mobilities of migrant women in Northern Ireland

This article deals with the recent COVID-19 pandemic and how it has affected mobilities in Northern Ireland. Drawing on the findings of in-depth interviews with migrant women and elements of autoethnographic research, the author discusses how migrant women reshape their mobilities in the context of global pandemic. The article looks into how COVID-19 has reinforced the existing mobility regimes and how waiting has become an important part of migrant women strategies. To this end, it examines waiting as both passive and active condition. It then explores politics of mobility and transgressive powers involved in migrant women trajectories.     

Overcoming the mobility bias in transnational entrepreneurship

The current article contributes to the debates on immobility in migration studies. More specifically, it aims to show and challenge mobility bias in transnational entrepreneurship; the relevant scholarship appears to overconcentrate on immigrants as major driving forces of cross-border business relations while ignoring the contributions of nonmigrant populations. Based on the qualitative data collected from Central Asian migrant entrepreneurs in Russia, this research dispels the myth about the inertness of nonmigrants by demonstrating their utmost importance in establishing and sustaining transnational enterprises. Therefore, transnational entrepreneurship should be regarded as the result of joint efforts of both mobile and sedentary actors. The presented evidence suggests that mobility and immobility are integrally intertwined and mutually constitutive. This study calls for a more balanced and nuanced vision of how transnationalism occurs.     

Transnational life and cross-border immobility in pandemic times

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically disrupted and reconfigured the cross-border movements of people. Based on an anthropological study of the experiences of transnational migrants during the pandemic (May 2020–May 2021), this article explores stories of how cross-border immobility impacts transnational life and sense of belonging. The stories reveal the emotional toll of prolonged family separation across geographical distances when loved ones are no longer ‘just one flight away’ and give voice to experiences of being ‘trapped’, ‘stuck’ or ‘stranded’ in a state of transnational limbo. Running through the stories are intensified experiences of foreignness, non-belonging, precariousness and discrimination. Some also felt abandoned by their country of origin as border closures left them ‘locked out’ and ‘blowing in the wind’, fostering an experience akin to exile.     

中国特色返乡创业问题研究:框架、进展与展望

随着中国经济增速放缓和乡村振兴战略的实施,返乡创业越来越受到中国政府和学界的关注。结合西方经济学界对劳动迁移、区域发展和创业问题的研究,对中国特色返乡创业相关研究进行系统梳理和评述,有助于加深对该现象在中国式现代化进程中定位和意义的理解,推动相关领域研究的进步。当前对中国特色返乡创业现象的研究,主要集中在返乡创业的动力机制、影响因素、绩效成果及其对区域发展影响等方面,偏重讨论返乡者个人特征的效应,相对忽视了创业环境的影响。中国特色返乡创业具有很强的特殊性,相关研究政策启示性较强,因此与国际类似研究的接轨则略显不足。未来应加强以下四个方面的研究和数据建设工作:一是分析返乡创业需求侧的特点；二是讨论如何优化实现高效返乡创业的政策环境；三是探讨返乡创业对社会非经济层面的影响；四是加强返乡创业研究数据库的建设。     

Cognitive and non-cognitive traits and the intergenerational transmission of socioeconomic inequality

This paper studies the roles of cognitive and non-cognitive characteristics in a standard Roemerian Inequality of Opportunity (IOP) model. Using Australian microdata, we model the effects of individuals’ backgrounds and their psychological traits on two adult income variables. We find that measurable psychological traits (intelligence, locus of control, big five personality traits) are slightly more important than background characteristics (such as race, gender, social class at birth) in explaining income disparities. However, the fraction of IOP confounded by psychological factors is small (11%–12%), which suggests that background inequalities do not meaningfully reflect differences in cognitive or non-cognitive ability.