论高速铁路对重庆经济发展的作用

随着中国进入高速铁路时代,铁路带给人们的不仅仅是出行的方便快捷,同时对高速铁路沿线的地方经济发展产生了积极而深远的影响。重庆市作为中国中西部唯一直辖市,是中国西部的交通物流中心、加工制造中心、文化科教中心和金融中心,发展高速铁路必将促进以重庆为核心的经济圈产业结构优化,改善区域交通、旅游环境,对重庆市经济发展起到巨大的拉动作用。     

基于利益相关者需求的城市交通枢纽设施优化设计研究

针对城市交通枢纽项目中设施管理只注重物业管理,设施运行管理与设施规划设计间缺乏信息传递而导致的设施规划设计不能充分体现枢纽运营需求的现实情况。文章以设施管理为理论基础,以枢纽运营管理为导稀,根据功能特点将枢纽设施类型进行区分,分析了不同类型设施的利益相关者需求,并将其价值需求形成设计指标,弥补了设施规划设计与设施运行管理间的信息缺失。     

The Decline of Deference: The Political Context of Risk Communication

Risk communication is seen as an important adjunct to the process of siting locally noxious facilities. To understand how risk communication might function in such a process, one needs to understand the political context that gives rise to public opposition to such facilities in the first place. This analysis draws on a variety of data to describe the decline of deference, a situation in which a hostile and alienated public is mobilized primarily through ad hoc voluntary organizations, and is increasingly reluctant to defer important decisions to institutional elites. Risk communication programs must be designed to offset the trends that result in the decline of deference. This conclusion differs markedly from the conventional wisdom that risk communication is merely a device for providing information to citizens so sthat they may make more rational decisions.     

在公平与效率之间:对北京市养老资源的空间分析

基于网络采集的养老机构数据和第六次全国人口普查数据，以公共设施区位理论为框架，使用空间分析方法，本文对北京市养老资源的分布模式进行了研究。研究发现，在乡镇/街道层面，整体上公办养老资源分布相对均衡，呈现正的空间依赖，民办养老资源则局部呈现负的空间相关性特征。空间回归分析表明，尽管两者布局均受到辖域内服务对象绝对数量这一因素的影响，但民办养老资源分布对老年人口密度这一指标更为敏感。不同类型的养老资源分散与集聚的空间模式，体现了公共设施供给问题上效率与公平原则之间的对比关系，这是行政与市场力量形塑的结果。     

基于指标体系违约鉴别能力最大的小企业债信评级体系及实证

债信评级是通过评级体系确定债务违约的可能性大小。根据单个指标违约鉴别能力大小的遴选来建立评级指标体系看上去似乎是一个不错的选择，但事实并非如此。因为用违约鉴别能力强的单个指标组成的一组指标，其指标体系的违约鉴别能力却不一定强。本研究基于一组指标构成的指标体系的违约鉴别能力最大标准，构建了小企业债信评级体系。创新与特色：一是通过将单个违约鉴别力最强的指标组成的指标体系的b值，与本文建立的整体违约鉴别力最大的指标体系的b值对比，证明了单个违约鉴别力强的指标，组合起来的体系违约鉴别力不一定也强。在构建债信评级指标体系时，应关注指标体系整体的违约鉴别力，而非单个指标的违约鉴别力。二是在由n和n-1个指标构成的两组指标中，根据两组指标体系的非违约客户的综合得分S_i越高，则S_i偏离非违约状态（y_i=0）的距离越大；违约客户的综合得分S_i越低，S_i偏离违约状态（y_i=1）的距离越大；则布莱尔分数b越大，指标体系鉴别力越强的思路来遴选违约鉴别能力最大、而不是单个指标违约鉴别能力最大的一组指标体系，确保了评级体系具有最大的违约鉴别能力。三是在相关系数大于阈值的一对指标中，删除违约鉴别能力b值小、即区分违约状态能力弱的指标，既避免了指标体系的信息冗余、又避免了误删区分违约状态能力强的指标。实证表明：一是由于指标间的相互影响，单个违约鉴别力强的指标，组合起来的体系违约鉴别力不一定也强。二是非财务指标在小企业债信评级中的地位更加重要。     

“Unexpected and Distressing”: Understanding and Improving the Experience of Transferring Palliative Care Inpatients to Residential Care

The survival of patients with advanced cancer, coupled with the increased presence of end-stage chronic illnesses in an aging population, is leading to a demand in palliative care. Due to the ongoing need for acute-pain and symptom control in hospice/palliative care units, few are able to offer long-stay admission for those whose symptoms have stabilized. When a patient no longer requires specialist palliative care services, transfer from an inpatient palliative care facility may then be necessary. A core component of the role of palliative-care social workers involves working with patients and their families/carers when the care pathway shifts and the option of residential aged care facility (RACF) needs to be considered. This research explored several issues, including the impact of this transition on the patient and their families and on the interdisciplinary health care team treating the patient. An investigation was undertaken to identify concerns and barriers regarding the transition from hospice care to RACF and opportunities were highlighted to improve clinical practice in this area. A tripartite approach was adopted conducting face-to-face interviews with patients, their families/carers, and health care professionals. Members of the interdisciplinary team were interviewed and social workers working in similar inpatient palliative-care facilities undertook telephone interviews to gauge their experiences. A thematic analysis discerned a number of themes highlighting the impact of this transition on key stakeholders and incorporated recommendations to improve or best manage this process. The research has highlighted the difficulties that patients/families encounter in this transition, as well as the emphases of protecting the integrity of the patient and family. This is achieved by holding open and ongoing dialogue, particularly through family meetings and working in collaboration with the patient, the family, and the team. Understanding the experience and impact of this transition on key stakeholders is helpful in building up a knowledge base and to ensure a more effective relationship occurs. This research incorporated the voices of terminally ill patients, families, and members of the health care team in order to understand their views and recommendations for best managing the transition from a hospice/inpatient palliative-care facility to a RACF. This enables their input to have some real impetus in clinical practice and service delivery.     

胶东新农村景观小品的调查与创新思考

对胶东半岛新农村景观小品的现状调查，从古代与现代景观小品涵义论述，并辅以实例分析。论述古代景观小品的信仰和环境特点外，重点阐述了胶东半岛新农村景观小品的不足，从民族文化和生态技术两方面创新思考，寻找解决的办法和措施，更多地是为因地制宜的发展和民族性的景观小品创建打好基础。     

Bayesian Inference and Forecasting in Dynamic Neural Networks with Fully Markov Switching ARCH Noises

We deal with one-layer feed-forward neural network for the Bayesian analysis of nonlinear time series. Noises are modeled nonlinearly and nonnormally, by means of ARCH models whose parameters are all dependent on a hidden Markov chain. Parameter estimation is performed by sampling from the posterior distribution via Evolutionary Monte Carlo algorithm, in which two new crossover operators have been introduced. Unknown parameters of the model also include the missing values which can occur within the observed series, so, considering future values as missing, it is also possible to compute point and interval multi-step-ahead predictions.     

基于伪最近邻节点的异构无线网络组网实现及仿真

网络的出现,改变了很多人工作和生活的习惯,作为现代信息技术的基础,网络技术的发展速度很快,传统的有线网络已经开始很少使用,在实际的网络建设中,主要采用新兴的无线网络,本文在伪最近邻节点概念的基础上,对ISIS等网络传输协议进行了分析,最后对基于伪最近邻节点的异构无线网络组网实现及仿真,进行了深入的研究.     

Creating safe spaces: designing day shelters for people experiencing homelessness

Day shelter programs are an important resource for people experiencing homelessness, offering respite from inclement weather, social stigma, victimization, and access to essential services and resources. Creating functional day shelter spaces requires that staff, services, and facilities support the needs of this vulnerable and marginalized population. Little guidance, however, is available regarding the design of day shelter spaces that support service engagement and positive service outcomes. This systematic review was conducted to support the development of a new day shelter in Fort Worth, Texas, identifying and reviewing interdisciplinary resources relevant to the design of these facilities. Based on the review, a preliminary taxonomy emphasizing day shelter client safety, security, dignity and health and well-being is proposed. Additional discussion identifies practical considerations affecting the implementation of the taxonomy, design priorities, and how the taxonomy was applied to the design of the Fort Worth day shelter.