欧盟层面利益集团及其对欧盟决策过程的作用和影响

欧盟作为一个复杂的政治体系,其利益集团与主权国家内部的利益集团有着很大的不同有其自身的分类特点和发展趋势,随着一体化的深化和扩大欧盟层面的利益集团其数量也在不断增长。在欧盟多层级的治理体系下,欧盟的利益集团体现了多元化的特点,它们为了获取各自的利益会通过欧盟的一些机构如欧盟委员会、理事会和欧洲议会等对其施加作用并影响其决策的过程和政策的制定,此外也会通过社会动员的方式去对欧盟决策发挥作用。     

现代汉语隐现句研究的趋势

隐现句是现代汉语中的一种特殊句式,从1924年至今,汉语语法学界对这一传统课题展开了较为深入的研究,也取得了一定的成果。近年来,隐现句的研究得到了长足的发展,具体呈现出以下四个趋势:研究课题的独立化、研究视野的拓展化、研究内容的深入化和研究理论方法的多元化。今后,隐现句的研究可以借鉴构式语法理论,并要有语言类型学的视野。     

The effect of long-term migration dynamics on population structure in England & Wales and Scotland

We investigated the effect of migration on population dynamics in England & Wales and Scotland from the mid-nineteenth century to the present by comparing actual population size and structure with estimates based on zero net migration from a range of starting dates. In this period, Scotland had the largest net outflow among countries in Europe for which detailed information is available, whereas overall net migration in England & Wales was close to zero. In the absence of migration, population would have been over twice as large in Scotland in 2013 as the actual value, but similar to its actual value in England & Wales. Levels and pace of population ageing have been broadly similar in both countries, so the major impact of differential migration has been on population size rather than structure. We discuss these findings in relation to the debate on migration policy between political parties supporting and opposing independence in the 2014 Scottish referendum.     

Racial discrimination in Britain, 1969–2017: a meta‐analysis of field experiments on racial discrimination in the British labour market

Field experiments represent the gold standard for determining whether discrimination occurs. Britain has a long and distinguished history of field experiments of racial discrimination in the labour market, with pioneering studies dating back to 1967 and 1969. This article reviews all the published reports of these and subsequent British field experiments of racial discrimination in the labour market, including new results from a 2016/17 field experiment. The article finds enduring contours of racial discrimination in Britain. Firstly, there is an enduring pattern of modest discrimination against white minorities of European heritage in contrast to much greater risks of discrimination faced by the main non‐white groups, suggesting a strong racial component to discrimination. Secondly, while there is some uncertainty about the magnitude of the risks facing applicants with Chinese and Indian names, the black Caribbean, black African and Pakistani groups all face substantial and very similar risks of discrimination. Thirdly, there is no significant diminution in risks of discrimination over time either for Caribbeans or for South Asians as a whole. These results are broadly in line with those from the ethnic penalties literature, suggesting that discrimination is likely to be a major factor explaining the disproportionately and enduringly high unemployment rates of ethnic minorities.     

我国终身教育现状及发展策略

从分析终身教育的内涵及特征出发,阐述了我国实施终身教育的现状、存在的问题以及构建我国终身教育体系的必要性,提出必须要完善终身教育政策法规环境,健全终身教育社会保障机制,构建社会化的终身教育体系,发展多层次的社区文化教育,建立终身教育体系监督机制的发展策略。     

Childbearing Trends in Sweden 1961--1997

The purpose of this paper is to update a system of annual indices of birth rates and to display trends in childbearing for Swedish women over the years since 1961. Our indices are produced by applying indirect standardization to register data. They enable us to decompose the overall fertility trends, as measured by the period TFR, into its birth-order specific components. Swedish fertility has shown strong fluctuations during our study period and these fluctuations have been particularly dramatic during recent years. A postponement of the age at first birth and a sudden shift to shorter birth intervals are important components in the fertility trends. A peak in the level of childbearing at the beginning of the present decade has now been followed by a sharp drop in the propensity to give birth. This change in behaviour pertains to women of all parities.     

评目前人文精神研究工作的几种不良倾向

本文评述了目前人文精神研究工作中存在的几种不良倾向,如过高估价人文精神的作用,反科学主义,排斥与疏远马克思主义以及知识分子化这四种有代表性的倾向。文章指出,这几种倾向对于人文精神自身的重建与发展,对于人文精神在人类社会进步中所应发挥的作用,都将产生不良影响,有必要予以纠正。文章重点剖析了'唯人文主义'思潮和把马克思主义人文主义化的观点,提出科学人文主义的命题,并主张把人文精神马克思主义化、大众化。     

刘增杰和他的文学思潮研究

本文通过回顾著名解放区文学史家、现代文学思潮史家刘增杰先生 30多年的治学之路 ,解读其学术个性与学术思路的方法论意义     

从WTO看中国高等教育的发展趋势

中国加入WTO已指日可待,而中国高等教育面对这一新的全球大环境,必定要调整自身的战略,通过向国际化、综合化、个性化与经济化方向的发展,以适应WTO对中国人才培养的客观要求。