跳过程下的公司证券定价和最优资本结构

由于几何布朗运动不能反映复杂经济背景下的资产价值动态,本文以双指数跳扩散过程作为资产价值过程来研究公司证券定价和最优资本结构问题。本文主要结果是：运用均衡定价的方法给出了公司证券的定价并获得了公司资本价值的解析解。通过比较静态分析揭示了跳风险对企业资本价值、最优资本结构、收益率差价等都具有显著的影响。与几何布朗运动相比,跳风险降低了公司价值和债券价值以及公司最优杠杆率,同时增加了债券的收益率差价和股权价值。     

制造商供应量变化时同质多物品拍卖价格策略研究

本文分析了制造商供应量变化时、在多个零售商非单位需求情形下的统一价格拍卖与歧视价格拍卖,得到了两种拍卖方式下零售商的报价策略、制造商的价格策略及其相关性质。结果表明:统一价格拍卖中,零售商在低价时所提交数量高于其真实需求,在高价时所提交数量低于其真实需求。歧视价格拍卖中零售商在低价会选择提交自己真实的需求量,在高价会选择提交低于真实的需求量。若参与拍卖的零售商越多,相对歧视价格拍卖,统一价格拍卖提交的需求量扭曲越少,从机制设计的角度来看,制造商更倾向于用统一价格拍卖的方式进行产品批发。       

Estimating monotone convex functions via sequential shape modification

We propose a sequential method to estimate monotone convex functions that consists of: (i) monotone regression via solving a constrained least square (LS) problem and (ii) convexification of the monotone regression estimate via solving a uniform approximation problem with associated constraints. We show that this method is faster than the constrained LS method. The ratio of computation time increases as data size increases. Moreover, we show that, under an appropriate smoothness condition, the uniform convergence rate achieved by the proposed method is nearly comparable to the best achievable rate for a non-parametric estimate which ignores the shape constraint. Simulation studies show that our method is comparable to the constrained LS method in estimation error. We illustrate our method by analysing ground water level data of wells in Korea.     

Conditional expectation determination based on the J-process using Malliavin calculus applied to pricing American options

The aim of our paper is to elaborate a theoretical methodology based on the Malliavin calculus to calculate the following conditional expectation (P_t(X_t)|(X_s)) for s≤t where the only state variable follows a J-process [Jerbi Y. A new closed-form solution as an extension of the Black—Scholes formula allowing smile curve plotting. Quant Finance. 2013; Online First Article. doi:10.1080/14697688.2012.762458]. The theoretical results are applied to the American option pricing, consisting of an extension of the work of Bally et al. [Pricing and hedging American options by Monte Carlo methods using a Malliavin calculus approach. Monte Carlo Methods Appl. 2005;11-2:97–133], as well as the J-process (with additional parameters λ and θ) is an extension of the Wiener process. The introduction of the aforesaid parameters induces skewness and kurtosis effects, i.e. smile curve allowing to fit with the reality of financial market. In his work Jerbi [Jerbi Y. A new closed-form solution as an extension of the Black–-Scholes formula allowing smile curve plotting. Quant Finance. 2013; Online First Article. doi:10.1080/14697688.2012.762458] showed that the use of the J-process is equivalent to the use of a stochastic volatility model based on the Wiener process as in Heston's. The present work consists on extending this result to the American options. We studied the influence of the parameters λ and θ on the American option price and we find empirical results fitting with the options theory.     

不同价格模式下的双渠道供应链决策研究

针对由直销渠道和传统零售渠道组成的供应链,考虑需求同时受价格和广告投入影响的情况下供应链的最优决策问题。分别讨论由零售商决定渠道价格的价格一致模式和制造商与零售商分别决定渠道价格的价格非一致模式下的Stackelberg博弈模型,并研究在价格非一致模式下合作广告对决策的影响。最后算例分析将两种价格模式与集中决策模式下的最优决策值及供应链总收益进行比较。分析结果表明,对于制造商和整个双渠道供应链而言,采用价格非一致模式优于价格一致的模式。对于零售商而言,在一定条件下价格一致模式对自己有利。     

More on Confidence Intervals for Partially Identified Parameters

This paper extends Imbens and Manski's (2004) analysis of confidence intervals for interval identified parameters. The extension is motivated by the discovery that for their final result, Imbens and Manski implicitly assumed locally superefficient estimation of a nuisance parameter. I reanalyze the problem both with assumptions that merely weaken this superefficiency condition and with assumptions that remove it altogether. Imbens and Manski's confidence region is valid under weaker assumptions than theirs, yet superefficiency is required. I also provide a confidence interval that is valid under superefficiency, but can be adapted to the general case. A methodological contribution is to observe that the difficulty of inference comes from a preestimation problem regarding a nuisance parameter, clarifying the connection to other work on partial identification.     

上升敲出期权定价模型的求解方法研究

本文首先阐述了一种新型期权——上升敲出期权的涵义及其模型,提出了一种新的格法对其求解;然后推广到对双重障碍期权的求解;最后给出了实例分析和实证分析,验证了这种新的格法的有效性与快速收敛性。     

我国天然气定价机制改革探索

我国现有天然气工业价格体系较为复杂,缺乏长期的价格机制,国家为此推出了一系列针对天然气基础价格改革的措施,包括基准价格普遍上调;价格并轨备战多元化气源计价;理顺车用天然气与汽油比价关系。但是我国天然气出厂价格偏低,存在巨大供需缺口;进口气倒逼价改;上下游价格出现明显倒挂;与其他能源的比价关系不合理。因此,应以现代微观经济理论和方法为基础,分析天然气行业作为自然垄断行业的各种特征,进一步探讨此次改革对天然气行业未来发展的影响,并提出进一步完善我国天然气市场和价格改革机制的构想。     

在国际贸易中我国粮食产业定价权分析——基于粮食产业链的研究视角

随着我国粮食市场开放程度的提高,我国粮食产业的各个领域都受到国际贸易市场的强烈冲击。由于国内粮食生产、加工、流通各环节的企业对粮食国际贸易定价权的缺失,导致粮食产业整体利益受损。从粮食产业链的角度对中国粮食参与国际贸易定价权缺失情况进行分析,并提出改进对策,以在市场开放的前提下提高我国粮食产业的竞争力。     

所有权性质、线下项目与银行贷款定价

线下项目作为一种盈余管理的手段或者说会计信息质量的体现,会影响银行的贷款决策。研究发现,与国有企业相比,民营企业的线下项目对银行贷款定价产生负面影响,线下项目越大,贷款利率越高。金融环境能够加强线下项目对银行贷款定价产生的负面影响,处于越好金融环境的公司,其线下项目对银行定价产生的负面影响越大。