三国两晋皇室婚姻身份性变化对外戚政治的影响

三国两晋时期,皇室婚姻的身份门第不断加强。这种变化,使外戚对政治的影响逐步加大。三国时,外戚在政治上无多大作为;西晋时期,外戚利用政治婚姻,操纵中官,攫取政治权力;东晋外戚大多都程度不等地参与了政权甚至辅政,对当时的政治产生了重大影响。     

留日学生日本就业问题初探

留日中国学生在日本就业数位居外国留学生日本就业数之首。然而,其就业概况却不甚明了。依据日本法务省入国管理局公布的资料,挖掘出有关中国的数据,在理清留日学生的就业签证类别、就职行业、月薪报酬、就业区域及就职企业规模等基本现状的基础上,分析了就业后经济利益、职业经验、技能等全方位收益情况及工作中面临的棘手问题,以期今后对留日学生就业及中国学生的日本留学选择提供一点借鉴。     

论会计平衡式的重构

当我们从会计平衡式的经济意义角度去理解会计平衡式时,现代会计平衡式不能完整、准确表达企业资本资源,从而导致歪曲企业盈利能力等局限性.新的会计平衡式构造,应该克服这些局限,并且还应该将所有与企业资本资源相关的多边权益方加以体现.     

Implementing Web-Based Learning: Evaluation Results from a Mental Health Course

SUMMARY

This paper reports on the evaluation results of a web-enhanced mental health course. The instructional design of the course was based on the principles of constructivist and collaborative learning environments. Students strongly supported the use of web-based learning in this course and found that the online environment enhanced their learning. The benefits and disadvantages of web-based learning and the implications for future course development are discussed. Issues in implementing web-based learning in social work education are also identified.     

Doing Gender Well and Differently in Dirty Work: The Case of Exotic Dancing

This article explores how a group of exotic dancers do gender and manage the stigma associated with their work and identities. We draw upon stigma management strategies from the dirty work literature and illuminate the doing of gender in these strategies. We also contribute to the debate that gender can be done well and differently through simultaneous, multiple enactments of femininity and masculinity. We consider the experiences of 21 exotic dancers working in a chain of UK exotic dancing clubs and conclude that in order to be good at their job, exotic dancers are expected to do gender well, that is, perform exaggerated expressions of femininity. However, we also theorize that for some dirty workers, specifically exotic dancers as sex workers, doing gender well will not be enough to reposition bad girls (bad, dirty work) into good girls (good, clean work). Finally, we propose that doing gender well will have different consequences in different types of work, thereby extending our findings to other dirty work occupations and organizations in general.     

Differential fertility in Ontario. An application of factorial design to a demographic problem

This paper describes the use of a probability sample to survey differential fertility. 475 women were randomly selected from the 1941 Census of Canada to provide tests of the existence of five differentials: income, present age, age by marriage, schooling and distance from a city. The sample was limited to one province and to two contrasting values of each of the five differentials under study. Significant differences are found for the effective distance as well as for age at marriage and schooling. This is taken as signifying that the diffusion of the small-family pattern has a spatial dimension.     

State of Family Research and Theory in Korea

This paper is a review and assessment of 246 articles from 6 journals published from 1980 to 1992 in Korea. Theoretical and methodological issues, changes in values and functions of the families, premarital, marital and parent-child relations, families in the middle and the later years, and families with problems are the major areas examined. The review indicates that the areas of parent-child and marital relations are dominantly investigated and that researchers have given much effort to identify the emerging changes and continuing patterns of the Korean family in the context of societal and familial changes. The authors suggest, however, that because of the lack of the cumu- lative information, conceptual clarification and methodological rigor, generalizations of the findings are considered to be tentative.     

Relationship Transitions Among Older Cohabitors: The Role of Health,Wealth, and Family Ties

This study explored how health, wealth, and family ties shape older cohabitors' chances of marrying or separating. Drawing on rational choice and exchange theories, the author argues these factors affect women and men differently because the rewards, alternatives, and barriers of later‐life union formation differ by gender. The study used panel data from the 1998–2006 Health and Retirement Study and a sample of cohabitors 50 and older (N = 1,136). For older female cohabitors, large families and entitlement income lower the risk of marrying, whereas close social networks raise the risk of separating. Moreover, health and wealth have an interactive relationship in that the risk of marrying is highest for unhealthy male cohabitors when they are very wealthy but is highest for the poorest female cohabitors when they are in excellent health. Older men may be exchanging economic resources for caregiving, and cohabitation may be an adaptive response to the gendered costs and barriers of later‐life union formation.     

Professional Social Work Education in End-of-Life Care

Abstract

Social work education in both BSW and MSW level courses is missing vital content about end-of-life care, palliative care, and bereavement. End-of-life care training opportunities through continuing education programs have also been limited. This deficit is significant because a vast number of social workers are already confronted with end-of-life issues on a daily basis in a variety of practice settings. Through the Project on Death in America, Social Work Leadership Development Awards initiative, many programs and models for professional social work education and training in end-of-life care have been developed and are presented in this article. These include: end-of-life care courses, symposia, training manuals, certificate programs and fellowships. Although the curricula continue to be refined, many of these programs are available to practitioners to advance their knowledge and skills and their curricular models are available to social work educators for possible replication.     

克服晕轮效应,做好辅导员工作

随着社会的不断发展,辅导员工作逐步呈现出多样化、复杂化、困难化的趋势。正确地认识、了解、掌握并利用心理效应,在辅导员工作中往往会产生意想不到的效果。晕轮效应是一种普遍的心理错觉,在思想政治教育过程中比较常见,它的负面效应要远远大于正面效应。对于这种负面影响比较大的心理效应,我们要做到首先从理论上了解,继而在实践中避免,这样才能防止落入这些负面效应的恶性怪圈,让辅导员工作达到一个新的高度。