Kin-related social organization in a winter population of the voleClethrionomys rufocanus

Kinship amongClethrionomys rufocanus was investigated during the winter of 1992/93 in a 3-ha enclosure using both molecular and catch-mark-release techniques. Forty-six adult voles (22 males and 24 females) having high heterozygosities, which were collected from several natural populations, were released into the enclosure on 29 September 1992. Most fall-born individuals of both sexes stayed in their natal site during the non-breeding period (December–March), although reproductively active females dispersed during the fall breeding season (October–November). These philopatric individuals aggregated and formed an maternal family in the winter. Several females which failed to reproduce were solitary during this season. Some individuals which were derived from several families also aggregated into a mixed lineage group. Survival rate of fall-born voles from earlier litters was higher than that from later ones. Maternal families broke up soon after the onset of spring reproduction. Most females established a territory near the wintering site and made a kincluster, in which close relatives neighbored each other. Maternal families in winter bring about female kin-clusters in spring, which may influence reproductive output in the breeding season.     

DNA双螺旋模型建立过程及其哲学思考

DNA双螺旋结构的发现,给人类社会带来巨大的影响．具有划时代的意义。回顾DNA双螺旋模型建立的背景和过程,科学家Wasron和Crick获得成功的因素不外乎：正确的科学方法、学科的交叉与融合、科学家完善的知识结构、良好的科研合作。青年科学工作者应当认真借鉴这些因素。     

中国边疆地区古代居民DNA研究

将现代分子生物学技术应用于考古学研究而形成的新兴的分支学科———分子考古学,利用分子研究技术,对出土的古代可研究对象进行分子水平的分析和研究。分子考古学对解决人类的起源、迁徙,动、植物的家养与驯化过程以及农业的起源和早期发展等重大考古问题,具有重要的意义。吉林大学边疆考古研究中心考古DNA实验室自1998年成立以来,先后对内蒙古、辽宁、吉林、河南、河北、新疆、青海等地多批古代人类遗骸进行了古DNA的提取和分析,初步建立了中国边疆地区古代居民的基因库,为研究中国边疆地区古代居民的人群构成、迁徙模式、混杂程度以及文化的传承与交流等问题,提供了宝贵的遗传学资料。     

基于DNA遗传算法的表面贴装生产线负荷优化分配

印制电路板组装任务的负荷优化分配包含设备约束、工艺约束等大量约束,是电子行业表面贴装生产线中的一类重要优化问题。其优化目标是在生产节拍给定和一定约束条件下,使得不同贴装机负荷均衡,任务分配达到最优。首先,根据不同表面贴装机、不同吸嘴及多种类型元件匹配的的复杂性,提出贴装机任务分配组合优化的问题;然后分析设备和元件的参数、组装可行性、贴装时间,以及贴装优化关系等因素,并提出假设条件,建立了平衡率最大化条件下的负荷分配组合优化的数学模型;最后,针对贴装生产线负荷分配问题的复杂性与特殊性,通过改良编码方式后的DNA遗传算法来优化组合数学模型,计算适应度,并借助MATLAB进行仿真求解,进而找到最优解。结果表明：本文提出的贴装生产线负荷分配方法可以解决带复杂约束的印制电路板组装负荷优化分配问题,提高设备的平衡率和生产效率,促进生产线的优化运行。     

On Statistical Properties of Palindromes in DNA

The main aim of this article is to determine the distribution of the number of palindromes of a fixed length in a DNA sequence. Palindrome in DNA is a part of the DNA sequence which is equal to its complementary sequence read backwards (C ～ G, A ～ T). We examine the general case where the distribution of the nucleobases is arbitrary. Further, we determine conditions in which Normal approximation can be used. Special attention is given to coding and non-coding regions in DNA and to the distribution of bases in those parts of DNA.     

The Enhanced Double Digest Problem for DNA Physical Mapping

The double digest problem is a common NP-hard approach to constructing physical maps of DNA sequences. This paper presents a new approach called the enhanced double digest problem. Although this new problem is also NP-hard, it can be solved in linear time in certain theoretically interesting cases.     

An efficient Bayesian approach for Gaussian Bayesian network structure learning

This article proposes a Bayesian computing algorithm to infer Gaussian directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). It has the ability of escaping local modes and maintaining adequate computing speed compared to existing methods. Simulations demonstrated that the proposed algorithm has low false positives and false negatives in comparison to an algorithm applied to DAGs. We applied the algorithm to an epigenetic dataset to infer DAG's for smokers and nonsmokers.     

一种DNA计算系统的有限自动机模型

通过一个实例给出了粘贴系统模型的基本定义，讨论了粘贴系统模型的正则文法特性，并从自动机的角度给出了相当于正则文法表达能力的有限自动机模型。     

Limiting distribution of the number of clumps of palindromes in DNA

An important aspect in the analysis of long DNA sequences is to identify whether palindromes are over- or under-represented. The essential step in that direction is the analysis of the limiting distribution of the number of clumps of palindromes where clump is defined as the overlapping occurrence of palindromes. Using the Chen–Stein method, it is shown in this paper that the limiting distribution, under suitable conditions and a type of heterogeneous sequence, is the Poisson distribution. Moreover, error bounds and the rate of convergence are derived in terms of total variation distance between two probability distributions.