参与度、信任与合作效果的关系——基于中国非营利组织与企业合作的实证分析

非营利组织与企业合作共同解决社会问题,是非营利组织和企业共同关注的发展战略,也是和谐社会建设的重要方面。本文基于中国非营利组织与企业合作的现实,通过建立合作双方参与度、信任关系与合作效果的假设模型,根据230个合作项目样本数据,利用回归分析进行了检验。分析结论表明,高的参与程度会带来良好的合作效果;信任在参与度与合作效果关系中的中介作用不完全一致:在参与度影响合作的直接效果中起中介作用;在参与度影响知识创造效果中没有起中介作用;在参与度影响社会效果中起到一定的中介作用。这对改进非营利组织与企业合作管理实践,以及有目的和针对性地实现相应合作效果具有指导意义。     

A Sequential Markov Chain Monte Carlo Approach to Set-up Adjustment of a Process over a Set of Lots

We consider the problem of adjusting a machine that manufactures parts in batches or lots and experiences random offsets or shifts whenever a set-up operation takes place between lots. The existing procedures for adjusting set-up errors in a production process over a set of lots are based on the assumption of known process parameters. In practice, these parameters are usually unknown, especially in short-run production. Due to this lack of knowledge, adjustment procedures such as Grubbs' (1954, 1983) rules and discrete integral controllers (also called EWMA controllers) aimed at adjusting for the initial offset in each single lot, are typically used. This paper presents an approach for adjusting the initial machine offset over a set of lots when the process parameters are unknown and are iteratively estimated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). As each observation becomes available, a Gibbs Sampler is run to estimate the parameters of a hierarchical normal means model given the observations up to that point in time. The current lot mean estimate is then used for adjustment. If used over a series of lots, the proposed method allows one eventually to start adjusting the offset before producing the first part in each lot. The method is illustrated with application to two examples reported in the literature. It is shown how the proposed MCMC adjusting procedure can outperform existing rules based on a quadratic off-target criterion.     

Testing for random individual effects using recursive residuals

This paper derives a simple ANOVA-F-statistic which tests for random individual effects in a one-way error component model, using recursive residuals. Power comparisons are performed for this F-test when it is computed using true disturbances and recursive residuals from a panel data regression. Under the null, both statistics have an exact F distribution. The standardized version of the Breusch and Pagan (1980) Lagrange Multiplier test (SLM) as well as a fixed effects F-statistic (FE) recommended by Moulton and Randolph (1989), are also included in this comparison. The exact power function can be computed in all cases using Imhof's (1961) procedure. Our results suggest that the F-test based on recursive residuals is inferior to the popular SLM and FE tests based on computational simplicity, power comparisons and its sensitivity to the K observations starting the recursion.     

Explaining political trust among African Americans: Examining demographic, media, and social capital and social networks effects

African Americans routinely have lower levels of political trust compared with whites. Explanations of their political trust remain rather unexamined. Using data taken from the 1996 National Black Election Study, this analysis examines three models to test how demographic characteristics, the media, and social capital and social networks influence political trust among African Americans. The results show modest support for the models. However, social location as measured by demographic characteristics is most important for explaining the political trust of African Americans.     

Does Security Impact E‐procurement Performance? Testing a Model of Direct and Moderated Effects

Despite the widespread adoption of e‐procurement and the critical role of information security in these situations, academic research examining the relationship between information security and e‐procurement performance has been surprisingly minimal. This study represents an interdisciplinary approach to present and test a theoretical model that links security in e‐procurement processes to e‐procurement performance. E‐procurement performance is measured as a combination of cost savings, order quality, and satisfaction of fulfillment as perceived by buyers. The model also posits that two aspects of the procurement process will enhance the value of security in e‐procurement, namely, process complexity and process interdependence. We empirically examine these relationships using data collected from procurement managers. Our results have important implications for managing the e‐procurement process.     

FDI对中国出口贸易的影响与区域差异实证研究

外商直接投资和出口增长对一个国家或地区经济增长起着重要作用,是国家或地区经济发展的重要推动因素之一。对FDI与出口贸易影响程度进行实证研究,将我国各省市根据区域划分为东、中、西三个横截面,利用2001至2009年九年数据建立面板数据模型,集中对我国FDI与出口间关系,东、中、西三地区FDI与出口关系进行实证研究,比较不同区域影响程度。     

中国区域能源消费的决定因素及空间溢出效应———基于空间面板数据计量经济模型的实证

应用空间面板计量经济模型分析了中国各省域的能源消费行为、决定因素及其空间溢出效应.研究显示,我国各个省域的能源需求主要由产业结构、经济增长和人口增长等因素决定,价格机制在调控能源需求方面还未能发挥出应有的作用.应用空间滞后面板计量经济模型和空间误差面板计量经济模型对区域能源消费行为的空间溢出效应进行分析检验证实:邻近区域的能源消费行为未能影响到本地区的能源消费,但能源利用效率等被忽略的因素对邻近区域的能源消费行为具有很强的溢出效应.     

Employee absence, age and tenure: a study of nonlinear effects and trivariate models

Multiple regression techniques were used to explore the nature of the relationships between age, tenure and absence in 2417 British local government workers drawn from three work groups. The data were collected from organizational records and included measures of both non-certified absence and medically certified absence. Linear and curvilinear associations among age, tenure and absence were examined. The possible moderating or mediating role of tenure in the relationship between age and absence was subsequently analysed. The data revealed linear relationships between age and absence that were negative for non-certified absence and positive for certified absence. In contrast, curvilinear relationships were found between tenure and absence that were U-shaped for noncertified absence and inverse U-shaped for certified absence. Tenure was found to moderate but not to mediate the relationship between age and absence. The implications of the results are discussed in the context of the changing age and career paths of the workforce, and of methodological issues in absence research.     

关于高校双语教学的思考

论述了高校双语教学的意义和目标,指出了高等学校开展双语教学所面临的困难。对双语教学的形式、教材选择和加强双语教学的措施进行了深入研究,同时指出了双语教学的负面影响。