论新加坡人民行动党群众基础的构建

新加坡人民行动党执政以后注意扩大自己的群众基础,加强少数种族、青年和妇女工作,赢得了绝大多数选民的支持,在历次大选中能轻易问鼎,不战而胜,从而为其执政提供了合法性依据,进而巩固了自己的执政地位。人民行动党执政以后,致力于少数民族政治参与机制的构建;进入20世纪90年代以后,鉴于青年越来越在新加坡社会中发挥作用,把其中的优秀人才吸收进人民行动党中来;在世纪之交,人民行动党面对日益涌动的民主浪潮和执政合法性的挑战,日益加强妇女工作,按照人民行动党的标准塑造他们的思想。     

Predictive Modeling and Categorizing Likelihoods of Quarantine Pest Introduction of Imported Propagative Commodities from Different Countries

The present study investigates U.S. Department of Agriculture inspection records in the Agricultural Quarantine Activity System database to estimate the probability of quarantine pests on propagative plant materials imported from various countries of origin and to develop a methodology ranking the risk of country–commodity combinations based on quarantine pest interceptions. Data collected from October 2014 to January 2016 were used for developing predictive models and validation study. A generalized linear model with Bayesian inference and a generalized linear mixed effects model were used to compare the interception rates of quarantine pests on different country–commodity combinations. Prediction ability of generalized linear mixed effects models was greater than that of generalized linear models. The estimated pest interception probability and confidence interval for each country–commodity combination was categorized into one of four compliance levels: “High,” “Medium,” “Low,” and “Poor/Unacceptable,” Using K‐means clustering analysis. This study presents risk‐based categorization for each country–commodity combination based on the probability of quarantine pest interceptions and the uncertainty in that assessment.     

试论律师制度的完善--通过改革推进民事诉讼中律师代理的发展

我国律师无论在数量上 ,还是在素质上 ,均无法适应建立现代民事诉讼制度的要求 ,律师在民事诉讼中的实际作用与其应发挥的作用之间差距更大。这种状况的改变需要我国民事审判方式和司法制度的重大变革 ,但在民事审判方式和司法制度根本变革前 ,民事诉讼中律师代理的许多问题可以通过律师制度的自身改革加以解决     

后现代叙事对行动的打破——以《哈扎尔辞典》和《佩德罗·巴拉莫》为例

行动是时间性的,后现代主义作家打破时间的同时也打破了“一个完整而有一定长度的行动”。《哈扎尔辞典》中利用语言、魔鬼和死亡等因素打破“编纂《哈扎尔辞典》”这一行动,而《佩德罗·巴拉莫》中“胡安寻父”这一行动是被死人叙述、分割场景等叙事策略所打破。这些被打破的行动最终通过读者的阅读活动凸显全貌。     

论大学生公民道德失范行为的现状、原因与对策

在分析目前大学生公民道德失范行为现状、原因的基础上,提出了治理大学生公民道德失范行为的对策,认为加强社会主义公民道德建设,不断提升全社会的道德风尚,重视大学生的公民道德教育,逐步改革应试教育体制,加强大学生的公民道德教育的制度化建设,是治理大学生公民道德失范行为的根本对策。     

人民行动党与新加坡行政体系

新加坡人民行动党表面上具备了西方代议制政党的一般特点,但在实质上它对新加坡的行政体系施加着重大影响。人民行动党对新加坡政府的控制主要是通过左右政府的组成人员来实现的。由于人民行动党与政府在人事上高度重合,在一定程度上使得人民行动党与公共政策过程近似于政府与公共政策过程。人民行动党及其政府在社会中高高在上的地位,是新加坡国内最大的政治力量,几乎垄断了国内的政治资源和经济资源,这使得人民行动党及其政府以外的监督力量显得力不从心。人民行动党和政府自身监督才是最有效的监督。     

Is that all there is? The concept of care and the dialectic of critique

Recognition of the usefulness of critical social analysis for gerontology has been increasing just as a range of new problems, ranging from globalization to the anti-aging movement, are posing fresh questions about ideology, legitimation and inequality for the study of aging. Such problems and questions represent the negative moment of critique in the theory–practice dialectic. As is generally true of critical theory, in critical gerontology it is rare to find research that reflects a positive movement toward emancipatory change. Yet gerontology is one of the fields that offers special opportunities for critiquing the status quo of aging and elders in society, envisioning new possibilities for aging and developing practices that produce positive change. This paper describes the movement of our own thinking and work, away from a primary focus on analysis and critique and toward an embrace of the possibilities of generating and sustaining change in organizational care settings. We argue that principles of critical developmental and social theory can be used to reframe the concept of care, and we describe briefly how the methodology of action research can be applied in efforts to create new opportunities and possibilities in the everyday experience of elders in long-term care. In our work, we are learning how a constructive theory–practice dialectic can be initiated when critical principles are applied to a practical and urgent domain — the domain of interpersonal care within long-term care institutions for elders.     

Brief Report: Useful Information for Face Perception Is Described with FACS

When we perceive the emotions of other people, we extract much information from the face. The present experiment used FACS (Facial Action Coding System), which is an instrument that measures the magnitude of facial action from a neutral face to a changed, emotional face. Japanese undergraduates judged the emotion in pictures of 66 static Japanese male faces (11 static pictures for each of six basic expressions: happiness, surprise, fear, anger, sadness, and disgust), ranging from neutral faces to maximally expressed emotions. The stimuli had previously been scored with FACS and were presented in random order. A high correlation between the subjects' judgments of facial expressions and the FACS scores was found.     

Les apories de la solidarité familiale Contribution à la sociologie des configurations de justice entre les familles et l’État, dans le cas français

Despite its many meanings, “solidarity” has once again become current in French to describe macro as well as microsocial relations. Social relations in and outside the family have not always been understood as instances of solidarity. But is this solidarity the same as the one established by the welfare state? Forms of family solidarity that have risen in esteem over the past two decades are “deconstructed”. The conditions for family solidarity are examined; and conceptual paradoxes, described. This approach suggests that family solidarity, as this concept is normally used, mixes together several systems of justice that should be clearly distinguished, especially if we want to put this phrase to a judicious social use.     

补语的可能式的肯定式与否定式不平行的原因

补语的可能式的肯定式与否定式的使用存在不平行现象。肯定式的使用频率远远不如否定式高。这主要是由于表达的意义和对举的对象不同而造成的。