The nexus between income distribution,trade policy,and monopoly power: An assessment of the tin market

The article suggests a manner in which degrees of monopoly power can be introduced into a trade policy model of the computable general equilibrium type. The distributional effects of tariffs and subsidies are compared, first under competitive conditions and then under conditions of monopoly power.The tin market, for which Malaysia can be assumed to exert monopoly power, is used as an example to show the distributional consequences of applying a competitive model in cases where a model allowing for monopoly power would have been more appropriate. The existence of monopoly power is shown to have important distributional effects. Policy modelers, dealing with distributional issues, should therefore be careful about the assumptions made about market forms.     

Commodity prices and the world distribution of income

Some advocates of a new international economic order recommend raising prices of commodities exported by developing countries as a means of reducing the inequality of world income distribution. A simulation model using commodity trade data and income distribution data for 68 industrial and developing countries examines this policy alternative. Initial data compilation reveals that internal inequality is as important as international: The world income share of the poorest 40% of people would be twice as high in the absence of intracountry inequality. Calculations using actual price experience in the “great inflation” of 1972–1975 show that despite the large relative price changes for some commodities (especially oil), these changes left the world size distribution of income virtually unchanged. Separate policy simulations show that even a quadrupling of the price of ali “equalizing” commodities (those mainly exported by LDCs) would leave the size distribution of world income practically unaltered (even under optimistic assumptions about intracountry distributional incidence), although some individual LDCs would gain. Increasing commodity prices therefore appears to be an ineffective means of increasing international equity, quite apart from questions about the feasibility of cartels or commodity agreements.     

中国农民工政策过程的批评话语分析——基于“农民工”称谓演变的视角

对"农民工"称谓演变的微观话语分析发现,农民工政策话语在建构社会的同时,也受制于社会结构.我国政府处理农民工事务的行动逻辑正逐步从"服务于经济发展"转向"关注社会民生".政策变迁映射和推动了社会变迁,我国农村向城市的人口流动在经历"严苛管制"自由流动"历程后,正朝着渐进式市民化方向发展.研究还发现,批评话语分析视角下的微观话语解构是政策分析的有效切入点,有助于唤起更深刻理性的政策协商,促进社会公平.     

从孙中山的“知难行易”思想看民国“训政”

孙中山作为我国近代伟大的革命家,其领导的资产阶级革命成功的推翻了腐朽的封建王朝统治,并成功地建立起了我国历史上第一个资产阶级共和国。而建立＂民主＂与＂宪政＂则是孙中山民主革命中最为基本的内容。孙中山为了实现这一目标,他把革命后建立的民国的政治建设过程划分为＂军政＂、＂训政＂、＂宪政＂三个时期。支撑着他的三阶段建设思想的哲学基础正是＂知难行易＂学说。     

对《印度之行》中回声的多角度探寻

本文以后殖民主义理论作为支撑,从不同的角度解读了《印度之行》中的回声之谜。由于山洞和回声的含义都过于含蓄,且福斯特竭力运用似乎真实的自然现象去容纳过多的含义,因此山洞和回声不仅使英国游览者而且也使读者感到混乱和神秘。本文旨在从多角度解读回声,以进一步启发读者思考。     

“两课”教学应成为培养大学生创新素质的主渠道

在呼唤教育创新的时代,高校"两课"在创新性人才培养方面肩负着重大使命。"两课"教学除继续发挥其意识形态功能之外,必须努力改革传统的教学模式、教学方法,明示创新原则,激发学生的创造欲望和创造潜能,通过世界观、人生观、价值观、方法论教育,着力培养学生的创新意识、创新方法、创新人格和创新能力。     

谈检务公开的度

检务公开是我国检察机关实践依法治国基本方略和完善民主监督制度的重要措施。为使检务公开制度化和健康、持久地开展 ,本文从检务公开的内容、范围、形式及保障措施等方面论证了检务公开应当严格依法进行     

“‘甘肃文学八骏’东部行”与社会转型期的东西部文学关系

社会转型期文学生态的变化使得东西部文学关系出现了新的面向,东西部之间文学意义的互见成为可能。＂甘肃文学八骏＂能够成为文学界颇有影响的品牌,很大程度上得益于他们突破自我、主动寻求与＂他者＂＂对话＂的路径选择,通过＂进上海＂、＂进北京＂等＂东部行＂的文学活动,在东部和西部文学界之间找到了一种共同维护文学理想的话语方式。透过＂‘甘肃文学八骏’东部行＂的表象,就会发现它在东部与西部、都市与乡村、中心与边缘以及地域性与差异性等文学关系上有着意义丰富的涵盖。     

试论奥巴桑乔与尼日利亚政治现代化

奥巴桑乔超越部族、超越地区的民族意识和国家意识在尼日利亚政治现代化进程中发挥了重要作用,多年的军事生涯和还政于民的实践使他从一名爱国军官成长为具有现代化意识的政治领袖。军政府时期的奥巴桑乔为国家统一进行了奋战,为还政于民大胆实践,推动了尼日利亚政治现代化进程。作为民选总统的奥巴桑乔发挥自己的优势为国家服务,注重国内民族和解,高举反腐大旗,整治国内环境,在政治民主化进程中做出了重要贡献。     

仲裁裁决不予执行的救济程序和立法完善研究——兼论《民事诉讼法》第225条与第237条的适用和关系

仲裁裁决被依法裁定不予执行的,当事人可以达成新的仲裁协议再次申请仲裁,也可以另行起诉。但不予执行仲裁裁决的裁定确有错误的,当事人应当有权申请执行异议或者通过执行监督维护自己的合法权益。司法实践中存在一种误区,即法院以《民事诉讼法》第237条的规定为由剥夺当事人依据《民事诉讼法》第225条之规定申请执行异议的权利,亟待立法规范。仲裁裁决不予执行制度有其存在的独立价值,但需要立法重造,一是将之与仲裁裁决的撤销制度进行明确界分,二是协调好仲裁裁决不予执行救济与执行异议制度的关系,三是对不予执行裁定的异议进行立法完善,四是加强对不予执行裁定的执行监督,赋予当事人对不予执行裁定的上诉权、申请再审权。