《古兰经》注释学研究

自公元622年以来,历代穆斯林学者秉承经训的创制(Al-'ijtihad)原则与精神,构建了阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化及其学术体系.《古兰经》注释学('ilm al-tafsir)则是该体系中仅次于圣训学而成的最早学科.《古兰经》涵盖的多学科性质,决定了注释学既是独立学科,也是交叉学科.注释学的立论、界定、要求、方法均为注释《古兰经》确立了明确的注释理论和严格的学术规范,使历代注释家据注释学原理解读了《古兰经》基本要义,并彰显其集教义与文化为一体的经典价值和社会作用,从而使亘古不变的《古兰经》始因注释的变化而使阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化生生不息,绵延不绝.     

《诗经》祭祀诗界定标准辨析

通过对《诗经》祭祀诗的不同标准加以辨正,从而完成对《诗经》祭祀诗的界定,并得出结论:祭祀诗因其独有的社会功能和历史地位,在《诗经》中应自成一类,而凡言及祭祀或用于祭祀的诗篇,皆应列入此类。     

日本青少年蛰居的现状与对策

蛰居是日本较为严重的青少年问题和社会问题之一,是一种丧失社会行为、自我封闭的消极生活状态。目前,日本青少年蛰居的现状十分严峻,已出现了数十万规模的蛰居者。蛰居的表征相似,诱因和程度却千差万剐,且长期化和高龄化趋势日益增强。随着蛰居人数的增多、时间的延长及蛰居者年龄的增长,如何援助蛰居者,帮助其回归学校或社会,成为日本面临的重要课题之一。为此,日本政府、NPO法人等民间团体积极采取针对蛰居者及其家人的援助对策。     

The Emergence and Stability of Groups in Social Networks

An important puzzle in social network research is to explain how macro-level structures emerge from micro-level network processes. Explaining the emergence and stability of structural groups in social networks is particularly difficult for two reasons. First, because groups are characterized both by high connectedness within (group cohesion) and lack of connectedness between them (group boundaries). Second, because a large number of theoretical micro-level network processes contribute to their emergence. We argue that traditional social network theories that are concerned with the evolution of positive relations (forces of attraction) are not sufficient to explain the emergence of groups because they lack mechanisms explaining the emergence of group boundaries. Models that additionally account for the evolution of negative ties (forces of repulsion) may be better suited to explain the emergence and stability of groups. We build a theoretical model and illustrate its usefulness by fitting stochastic actor-oriented models (SAOMs) to empirical data of co-evolving networks of friendship and dislike among 479 secondary-school students. The SAOMs include a number of newly developed effects expressing the co-evolution between positive and negative ties. We then simulate networks from the estimated models to explore the micro-macro link. We find that a model that considers forces of attraction and repulsion simultaneously is better at explaining groups in social networks. In the long run, however, the empirically informed simulations generate networks that are too stylized to be realistic, raising further questions about model degeneracy and time heterogeneity of group processes.     

“后冷战时代”的推测与判定

“后冷战时代”的推测与判定一直是学术界的一个热点和难题。“三集团”论的兴起 ,“大国均势”论的推测 ,“文明冲突”论的预言 ,“单极时刻”论的发展 ,“全球村”的理想与现实 ,等等。人们一遍又一遍地试图以新的推测或判定来宣布“后冷战时代”的终结 ,但“后冷战时代”仍在延续。出现这样一种局面的原因在于冷战后世界的变化是如此迅速和深刻 ,人们已经很难再用一种角度或方式来识别她了。     

Orienting Social Workers to the Disability Movement in Egypt: Implications for Practice

As the literature on the disability movement in Africa is quite limited, this paper sheds some light on its current status in one particular African country: Egypt. Due to its history and location within North Africa, Egypt's culture is a mixture of Middle Eastern/Arab and indigenous African elements and influences. The following literature-based overview is designed to highlight such issues as societal attitudes, disability laws, and governmental control and management in the context of a service delivery system designed for disabled people. In conclusion, implications for social work practice are mentioned, and some recommendations to close the existing service gaps are suggested.     

论民间法的内涵及存在依据

法学工作者对民间法的研究已有些时日,但对“何为民间法”学界仍然存有争论,比较有代表性的意见是：梁治平的“知识传统说”、苏力的“本土资源说”和郑永流的“行为规则说”。民间法的存在与发展既有实践方面的依据,也有理论方面的依据。从实践来看：一方面,民间法在中国历史中曾广泛存在;另一方面,在当今的社会转型中民间法得到了复苏。从理论来看,民间法在马克思主义法哲学本体论、法社会学中都能找到相关的存在依据。     

传统生产力定义的合理性批判

传统的生产力定义有其历史的合理性.随着社会的发展,这种定义的局限性日益显示出来.第一,误导了人类征服自然和改造自然的目的.第二,仅仅从人与自然的关系去理解生产力.第三,对人与自然关系的理解过于狭隘.     

如何保护与传承少数民族文化——以贵州省锦屏县平秋镇侗族为例

一个民族的文化,是该民族智慧的结晶,体现了民族的精神,是一个民族长期共同生存和生活的产物,是维系一个民族生存、延续的重要因素,而且是民族个体在社会化过程中影响主观民族认同的重要因素。当今在全球化和现代化的冲击下,在民族自身发展的同时,少数民族文化的保护日趋重要。本文想通过“文化界定的误区”来解释本民族文化在民族个体在选择文化认同时显得弱势的原因,以及想以贵州黔东南平秋九寨侗族村为例,初探少数民族文化保护与文化主体性的问题。     

外空物体的法律定义问题

现有的国际外层空间法尚无外空物体的法律定义,外空物体在学术界的论述中也存在着分歧。我国已成为载人进入外层空间的少数国家之一,但对外层空间法的研究相对滞后,尽管我国已经发射了多颗卫星和载人飞船,但对外空物体的阐述不多。这种状况与我国空间活动大国的地位极不相适应。本文试图提出一个较为完整的外空物体的法律定义,以期带动外层空间法的研究。