The Public Perception of Female and Male Violence in Marital Relationships

Most studies dealing with intimate partner violence (IPV) investigate situations where the man is the aggressor. The present study examines the participants’ social perception of IPV and the connection between social perception and the severity of the violent act and its justification when carried out by men against women and vice versa. The research is based on a structured, self-reported anonymous questionnaire answered by 240 participants. The questionnaire examined demographic variables, attitudes toward IPV, the severity of the violent act, and its justification. Findings indicate that violent behavior of women is perceived as more justified than that of men and that men’s violent behavior is perceived as more severe by women than by men, but women’s violent behavior is perceived to be equally severe by men and women. The study raises awareness of the lack of gender boundaries in violence and of gender discrimination against males.     

对前苏联"经济文化类型理论"的再研究

我国学者对前苏联经济文化类型理论概念进行了修改。虽然,我国学者所提出的“概念”与原理论的“概念”在结构上一脉相承,所强调的“类型”也大同小异,但是,这种修改实际上已经偏离了前苏联相关理论原来的研究轨道,其实践结果的参考价值大大降低。     

化解管理理论与实践脱节的两种模式:串联型关联与并联型关联

理论与实践的关系应该是既分离,又关联的,典型的关联模式有串联型关联和并联型关联2种.当前管理学界的很多研究成果不属于这2种关联模式的任一种,它们属于管理理论与实践脱节.根据管理学的学科属性和发展阶段判断,未来可以借鉴或借助这2种关联模式,化解或缓解管理理论与实践脱节问题.     

Combining Happines’s and Suffering in a Retrospective View of Anchor Periods in Life: A Differential Approach to Subjective Well-Being

The intersection of dimensions of subjective well-being (SWB) generates SWB types. We delineated SWB types by cross-tabulating happiness and suffering ratings that participants attributed to outstandingly meaningful periods in their life referred to as anchor periods. A sample of 499 older Israelis (age 58–94) was queried about two positive periods (the happiest, the most important) and two negative periods (the most miserable, the most difficult). A variety of variables discriminated between the more frequent congruous types of Happy (high happiness and low suffering) and Unhappy (low happiness and high suffering), but also presented the incongruous types of Inflated (high happiness and high suffering) and Deflated (low happiness and low suffering) as discriminable. Thus, women were more likely to be Inflated whereas men were more likely to be Deflated; low education related more to Happy in the happiest period and to Unhappy in the negative periods; present life satisfaction related more to Happy than to Unhappy in the positive, but not in the negative, periods; and Holocaust survivors were more likely to be Deflated and Unhappy in the negative, but not in the positive, periods. The study supported a differential perspective on SWB within people’s narratives of their lives. An erratum to this article is available at .     

《西游记》中女性人物的类型性

《西游记》是中国古典四大名著之一,其中吴承恩成功塑造了三种重要的女性类型,这些具有鲜明性格特征的女性形象使得小说更加独树一帜、光彩夺目。这里通过对书中神女、妖女和凡女三种类型的分析,以期为人们重新理解、欣赏女性之美和感悟时代精神提供有益的借鉴。     

雷州石狗民俗文化探源

石狗是雷州民俗文化之瑰宝。雷州先民视狗为灵物,唐代雷祖诞降的传说使雷州先民祭祀灵物之风遂盛;宋元时期福建莆田人的迁入,使这一灵物有了新的特征;明清之际大量汉人的到来,又形成了以汉族民俗文化为主要内涵的石狗文化体系。石狗从图腾崇拜、灵石崇拜到呈祥辟邪、守护神灵这一内涵的转化与发展,以及雕刻形制的具象、夸张和狮狗类型的多样性变化,呈现了雷州民俗文化浩瀚漫长的历史。     

唐代西域告身研究

该文在简要梳理唐代告身学术研究史的基础上重点研究唐代西域告身,指出目前仅知八件出土唐代西域告身。日本学者从公文类别出发,分之为制授、奏授、令书样、版授四种类型。该文从内容出发,分之为官告、勋告和命妇告三种类型。另外,根据现有的资料和勋告的特点,作者认为还可以复原三件唐代西域勋告。此外,该文对官告与勋告格式用语的区别及其原因、告身涉及的一些史实与制度也进行了研究。     

Shop floor characteristics influencing the use of advanced planning and scheduling systems

The purpose of this article is to investigate how the manufacturing process, the shop type and the data quality, i.e. the shop floor characteristics, influence the use of advanced planning and scheduling (APS) systems in production activity and control (PAC). The methodology implemented is a multiple case study at three case companies. Each company has different shop floor characteristics, but all use a scheduling module in an APS system, which supports production scheduling. A theoretical framework is developed suggesting how APS system are used in the PAC activities, and which major aspect to consider. The case analysis shows that the scheduling module in APS system, foremost supports sequencing and dispatching. In particular, the shop type is influenced by the decision of how often the APS runs and what freedom is given to the shop floor. The manufacturing process influences how the dispatch list is created. Contrary to the literature presuming that APS systems are most suitable in job shop processes, it is found that the manufacturing process is not a crucial factor when deciding whether APS systems are an appropriate investment. It is found that the level of data quality needed in the APS system depends to a large extent on how the dispatch list is used. For example, is the dispatch list used as a guideline, not a regulation, the need for accurate data in the module is reduced. This article extends the previous literature concerning APS systems by analysing how APS systems influence PAC as a whole and increase the understanding of the challenges of using APS systems in PAC.     

以资源特色为基础的水利风景旅游开发策略——以江苏为例

水利事业的可持续发展将水资源的综合利用作为重要的发展战略,水利风景资源的生态保护,游憩利用和旅游观光是其重点的目标和内容.基于资源特色的水利风景旅游开发应强调以差异化、多元化和精品化为重点,并以此来研究确定旅游产品的开发策略.