社会学族群关系研究的几种理论视角

本文主要介绍社会学族群关系研究的主要理论范式,包括源于美国社会的种族主义族群关系理论、社会学族群关系同化范式、权力—冲突范式,并回顾了人类学领域族群性研究的相关启示。传统的客观特征论与晚近对主观认同的强调构成了族群关系与族群性研究的两种主要的分析框架。晚近的研究,强调在民族国家背景下,考虑资源竞争和权力关系对族群关系的影响。     

自治市法律地位刍议

民族自治地方城市化是我国城市化的重要组成部分。我国自治地方城市化水平相对滞后,原因之一是宪法和自治法没有赋予自治市以自治地方的法律地位。宪法和自治法赋予自治市以自治州、自治县同样的法律地位,是自治地方城市化的必由之路和必然选择。     

和谐之道与西南民族教育

构筑和谐社会是人类发展的必然要求,核心是符合和谐之道.和谐之道含义至深,它不是走向一统,不是追求显在问题的简单解决,而是以让各种多样性的事物以各自的特色融入一体为目的.据此,遵循和谐之道应理顺四大关系:人类社会与自然、文化与文化、人与人和人自身内部.西南地区的发展特点是多类型并存与发展水平的参差巨大,因此要使其得到和谐发展必须在西南的民族教育中遵循和谐之道,进行共生教育和共谐教育,以促进西南和谐的自然/文化生态的构筑,继而实现西南的可持续发展.     

水情结视野下的傣族文化

特殊的地理位置和气候环境铸造了傣族人民个性鲜明的水情结。文化是各个民族对特定环境的适应能力和适应成果的总和,透过傣族人民的水情结,我们将可以领略到该民族独特的生活习俗、审美追求和民族文化。     

When is brokerage negatively associated with economic benefits? Ethnic diversity,competition, and common-pool resources

There is a growing body of literature positively linking dimensions of social capital to economic benefits. Yet recent research also points to a potential “dark side” of social capital, where over-embeddedness in networks and the pressures associated with brokerage are hypothesized to constrain actors, having a negative effect on economic outcomes. This dichotomy suggests that context is important, yet the overwhelming majority of existing empirical evidence stems from socially homogenous populations in corporate and organizational settings, limiting a broader understanding of when and how context matters. We advance this discourse to a socially fragmented, ethnically diverse common-pool resource system where information is highly valuable and competition is fierce. Merging several unique datasets from Hawaii's pelagic tuna fishery, we find that network prominence, i.e., being well connected locally, has a significant, positive effect on economic productivity. In contrast, we find that brokerage, defined here as ties that bridge either structurally distinct or ethnically distinct groups, has a significant, negative effect. Taken together, our results provide empirical support to widespread claims of the value of information access in common-pool resource systems, yet suggest that in ethnically diverse, competitive environments, brokers may be penalized for sharing information across social divides. Our results thus contribute to an emerging theory on the fragile nature of brokerage that recognizes its potential perils and the importance of context.     

Identity Constructions and Dayak Ethnic Strife in West Kalimantan,Indonesia

This article discusses the construction of Dayak identity in the context of a violent conflict between local indigenous Dayaks and migrant Madurese in West Kalimantan province between late 1996 and early 1997. The conflict was widely regarded as an ‘ethnic’ conflict and, especially for the Dayaks who were involved in the violence, the idea of a fixed, Borneo-wide, (pan-)Dayak identity versus a common Madurese enemy was crucial. This notion of a unified, homogenous Dayak category was invoked notwithstanding the fact that Dayak groups differ greatly in many respects and that ‘Dayak’ ethnic identity is highly dynamic and fluid. This paper discusses the ways in which Kanayatn Dayaks perceived and invoked their ethnic identity during the conflict and how they later interpreted the events with a particular focus on ‘Dayakness’.     

从赛典赤对云南的治策看蒙元的民族统治政策

赛典赤在云南的施政 ,一定程度上反映了蒙古族统治者进入中原后统治思想及治策的变化。从赛典赤对云南的施治可以看出 ,蒙元的民族统治政策的内容和影响十分复杂 ,既有“四等人制”下重点对汉族的压迫和防范 ,也有在信任边疆少数民族基础上形成的土官制度。就云南等南方边疆地区而言 ,蒙元民族统治政策的后一部分积极意义较为明显。因此 ,有必要对蒙元的民族统治政策作更深入的研究     

水族古文字与甲骨文的联系

长期以来在水族社会使用的《水书》是用水族文字书写的。其年代久远的《水书》呈现的是水族古文字。本文通过对比研究的方式,从时间与地域、书写字体形态、书写文化等三个方面论证,认为水族古文字与甲骨文有密切联系,水族古文字是古代神本文化的活化石。     

明代岭南地区的民族融合关系论析

明代是我国多民族国家发展的重要时期,各民族的交往十分活跃,民族融合日益加深,推动了民族地区经济文化的发展。明代岭南民族融合关系具有普遍性与不平衡性,双向性与延续性等特点,并最后推动了岭南各民族在经济文化上的发展与进步。