Ethnicity versus Ethnic Identity: What Predicts Substance Use Norms and Behaviors?

ABSTRACT

Although researchers often incorporate various measures of ethnicity and ethnic identity (EI) into research about substance use, the relationships among ethnicity, EI, and substance use remain unclear (Marsiglia, Kulis, & Hecht, 2001; Phinney, 1996). This paper explores whether ethnicity and three EI instruments are useful in predicting substance use outcomes among three samples of ethnically diverse middle school youth. Findings include that age, gender, and/or racial or ethnic group membership influenced the strength of EI and that age, sex, and strength of EI influence substance use norms and behaviors. In each case where significant effects were obtained, a stronger sense of EI as measured by two of the instruments predicted more negative attitudes toward, and less use of, alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana. Implications for preventing substance use among middle school youth by building on and strengthening ethnic identity are provided.     

A case study of the impact of integrated project governances on PPP project performance

Under the new normal state, the PPP project will play a more and more important role in the social and economic development of China. To improve the performance of PPP project management, it is necessary to implement integrated project governances. Firstly, according to the index system of two kinds of PPP projects governances (Contract Governance and Relationship Governance) and PPP project management performance determined by theoretical analysis, the DDX project is selected as the analysis object. After identifying the case, this paper explains the basic information and preliminary work of the case. Then, the three contents of contract governance, relationship governance and project performance are analyzed comprehensively. Case studies show that all of these two governance modes have positive effects on project management performance. However, due to the lack of information in the case, the validity of the conclusion also needs to be verified again.     

Building cultural competence: A systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of culturally sensitive interventions with ethnic minority youth

Growing diversity within the US population accentuates the need for the development and implementation of culturally competent services in the field of child welfare. Despite this, few studies exist that examine the effectiveness of culturally sensitive interventions (CSIs) with ethnic minority populations, who are considerably more at risk of developing psychosocial problems including substance and alcohol abuse, delinquency, low academic achievement, and poor self-esteem. With the demand for evidence-based practice it is imperative that we examine the effectiveness of CSIs designed to prevent and treat youth problems. The main goal of this review was to systematically analyze the methodology of recent CSI research with populations of ethnic minority youth in order to evaluate each intervention's ability to adhere to existing standards of evidence-based practice. The fifteen CSI studies examined in this review illustrate progress in their attempt to adhere to the methodological rigor required of evidence-based practice. This review encourages the field of child welfare to position itself analogously with and embrace the movement toward building cultural competence by further investigating the effectiveness of culturally-sensitive interventions with ethnic minority youth.     

正确把握"毛泽东思想概论"课与"邓小平理论概论"课的关系

正确把握“毛泽东思想概论”与“邓小平理论概论”两门课的关系 ,应做到以下几点 :第一 ,正确认识毛泽东思想与邓小平理论的关系 ,毛泽东思想与邓小平理论是马克思主义与中国革命实际相结合的两大理论成果 ,各有自己的特色 ,不能扬一抑一。第二 ,教学中应讲清两者之间的内在联系 ,处理好两门课内容的衔接。第三 ,担任两门课的教师可以互兼。两门课互兼可以收到互补、互通、互证的效果     

服务公平性对储户与银行之间关系的影响

作者在某银行广州地区的15个营业点对储户进行了一次问卷调查,探讨服务公平性对顾客与企业之间关系的影响。数据分析结果表明,结果公平性、程序公平性、交往公平性和储户感觉中的软、硬质量是同一个高阶因子的子因子,储户在正常服务环境中感知的服务公平性影响储户的消费情感和储户对本次消费经历的评估(服务质量、消费价值、储户的满意感),进而影响储户与银行之间的关系(信任感、储户与服务人员的人际关系纽带、储户与银行的感情纽带)和储户的行为意向(再购意向和口头宣传意向)。     

关系类型对服务失败后顾客反应的影响

本文探讨了真正服务关系、虚假服务关系和偶遇服务关系三种关系类型对服务失败后顾客反应的影响。研究显示,在遭遇服务失败后三种关系类型的反应差异明显,具有真正服务关系的顾客在服务失败后比其它两类关系类型的顾客具有更高的顾客满意度、更少的负面口碑以及更高的重购倾向,而虚假关系的顾客比偶遇关系的顾客又表现出较高的满意度、较少的负面口碑以及较高的重购倾向。所以关系能够提供防御性服务补救作用,而且相对于其它补救策略更显得未雨绸缪。     

出兵阿富汗——错误决定作出的前前后后

1979年12月,苏军大举入侵阿富汗,开始了长达10年之久的苏联最后一场对外战争。本文根据近年来问世的俄文资料,叙述了二战后苏阿关系的演变,着重阐明自1978年4月政变至1979年12月阿富汗国内的局势,以及苏联所采取的对策。文章强调,由于判断失误,苏共领导在小范围内所作出的决策使必然会给本国带来极其严重的后果。     

论旅游业的关系营销

文章探讨了新兴的关系营销模式在旅游业中的应用问题。结合江西省上饶市旅游业发展规划,针对旅游产品特点,提出旅游业关系营销的中心是形成顾客友好。为此提出实行全面质量管理、提供额外的服务和多样化奖励、实行"回头客"优惠制、产品开发与游客互动、开展顾客化营销、建立旅游服务链、建立信息系统和参与慈善活动等,并且提出了实行旅游业关系营销的10个技术要点。     

The Impact of the Therapist's Curiosity on the Treatment Process of Children and Adolescents

Therapists bring their own initiative, interest, and wonder—their professional curiosity—into treatment sessions. Some children and adolescents pull away in reaction to this curiosity, bristling or withdrawing, if only for a moment. This can happen abruptly, even in response to the first hello, but most often it occurs subtly, over the course of treatment. These children and adolescents may be replaying the ruptures in relationships they experienced when they have expressed their own initiative and curiosity to important others in their lives. Therapists need to utilize opportunities to understand the dynamics, explore where the original ruptures may have occurred, and bring the experience into therapeutic focus. Case vignettes illustrate these dynamics.     

先秦及秦汉时期西南地区彝族服饰地理研究

长期以来,对中国古代彝族服饰的历史地理研究几乎空白。川西南安宁河流域以滇为中心的靡莫之属和以邛都为中心的农耕民族头饰皆"椎髻"。以游牧为主的氐羌族群""、"昆明"头饰皆辫发(编发)。滇池地区滇人男女均穿对襟无领外衣。哀牢人有"文身"习俗,"衣皆着尾"。人"穿长裤,老人多喜蓄长须,佩长剑,盘发于脑后为长形髻"。白狼人披发左衽。估计"牛"羌服饰与"白狼"服饰基本相同。叟人服饰特征主要是"英雄结",披毡、赤足。地理环境、生产方式、经济状况等因素都对服饰有一定影响。彝族服饰有深厚的文化内涵。