“我今仅守诗书业,汝勿轻捐少壮时”——论陆游的家庭诗教

在中华民族的文化传承里,＂诗教＂始终占据着第一把交椅的位置。这不仅因为我们是一个诗的国度,而且诗在政治、经济、军事、外交等活动中,都是十分重要的工具。无诗,无以立。因此,士大夫家庭都将＂诗教＂作为家庭教育的首选。陆游即是一个很典型的例证。     

The powerful relational language of ‘family’: togetherness,belonging and personhood

This article examines the notion of ‘family’ to consider how it may be understood in people's everyday lives. Certain recurrent and powerful motifs are apparent, notably themes of togetherness and belonging, in the context of a unit that the person can be ‘part of’. At the same time, there may be important variations in the meanings given to individuality and family, evoking differing understandings of the self and personhood. I consider these ideas further through globally relevant but variable cultural themes of autonomy and relationality, suggesting the term ‘social person’ as a heuristic device to distinguish the sense of ‘close‐knit selves’ that may be involved in some understandings of personhood. I argue that this version of personhood may be powerfully expressed through ‘family’ meanings, with a significance which can be at least provisionally mapped along lines of inequality and disadvantage within and between societies around the world. These forms of connectedness may be hard to grasp through those theoretical and methodological frameworks which emphasize the (relational) individual. I argue that, in affluent English speaking societies, ¹ there may be little alternative to the language of ‘family’ for expressing such forms of relationality and connection.     

Troubling the ‘Happy Family’: US Liberalism and Narratives of Transnational Adoption and Immigration from China

This essay connects adoption and immigration from China by considering the relationship between the adoptee and the Chinese nanny hired to care for her. I examine news media alongside Wendy Lee’s 2008 novel, Happy Family, which portrays the adoptive family through the perspective of a Fujianese immigrant domestic worker. Transnational adoption from China emerged in the early 1990s as undocumented immigration from the Fujian province rose, representing a major shift in Chinese immigration. These practices have been apprehended divergently in mainstream discourses. This essay approaches the family as a site of neoliberal privatization that frames adoption in terms of inclusion into US national ideologies of race, gender, and class, while undocumented immigration from China has been framed through exclusion. I argue that the nanny destabilizes the construction of the family as a space of depoliticized inclusion through her labor, revealing the neoliberal inequalities that shape both adoption and immigration.     

Family environments and the relationship context of first adolescent sex: Correlates of first sex in a casual versus steady relationship

Limited research has examined how family environments are associated with the relationship context of first sex, an important indicator of reproductive health risk. We use data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to assess the association between the family environment - parent-parent relationships, parent-adolescent relationships, and family structure - and relationship context of first heterosexual sexual intercourse, distinguishing between the transition to first sex in serious and casual relationships. Twenty-five percent of females and 43% of males who had sex by age 18 did so in a casual relationship. All dimensions of the family environment were linked to the relationship context of first sex. Notably, higher parental monitoring was associated with a reduced risk of transitioning to first sex in a casual relationship versus no sex, and greater family routines were associated with a reduced risk of transitioning to sex in a steady relationship versus having no sex, for males and females. A strong maternal-adolescent relationship was associated with a reduced risk of first sex in a casual relationship but only for males. Additionally, in two-parent families, a strong father-adolescent relationship was associated with reduced risk of transitioning to casual sex, but only for females. Pregnancy and STI prevention programs should work with parents to foster positive parent-adolescent relationships, to become aware of their adolescents’ activities and to recognize that parents are important models for adolescent relationship behaviors.     

Methodological decisions and the evaluation of possible effects of different family structures on children: The new family structures survey (NFSS)

Every social science researcher must make a number of methodological decisions when planning and implementing research projects. Each such decision carries with it both advantages and limitations. The decisions faced and made by Regnerus (2012) are discussed here in the wider context of social science literature regarding same-sex parenting. Even though the apparent outcomes of Regnerus’s study were unpopular, the methodological decisions he made in the design and implementation of the New Family Structures Survey were not uncommon among social scientists, including many progressive, gay and lesbian scholars. These decisions and the research they produced deserve considerable and continued discussion, but criticisms of the underlying ethics and professionalism are misplaced because nearly every methodological decision that was made has ample precedents in research published by many other credible and distinguished scholars.     

孔子“孝”非反思先行性之哲学分析

孔子"孝"之非反思性的先行状态可以从以下几个角度来论证:"孝"之为人伦中心与"仁"可以打通;孔子对于"孝"的非反思性的先行性的确立其实可以回溯到他对天地自然运动的深刻领会,而将个体的"孝"经验上升到全体人类的"仁"境,最直接的基础是宗教感情,由此可以论证"孝"之非反思先行性的宗教性维度。由此可见,孔子提倡的"孝",不仅仅是其中心思想"仁"的根基,而且可以与孔子对于天地自然的本体论理解相通,也可以与基于祖先崇拜的宗教情感相通,如此,"孝"就由个体源初的感情,上升到人类全体以致世界全体,成为人非反思地面对世界全体的不可移易的先行性基石。     

中国家庭教育的奠基与现代意义——陈鹤琴《家庭教育》的学术旨趣及其现代价值

作为“五四”新文化和新教育运动的产物,陈鹤琴《家庭教育》是其多年来对幼儿特别其长子陈一鸣的精心观察、实验和研究之所得,反映了当时社会剧烈变革中家庭教育的实际问题,并提出了相应的原则、对策和建议,内藏着十分深刻的教育哲理,对于我们理性地探寻全球化背景下当代中国家庭教育的奥秘仍具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。     

Parental divorce, sibship size, family resources, and children’s academic performance

Using data from 19,839 adolescents from the National Education Longitudinal Study, this study investigates whether the effects of parental divorce on adolescents’ academic test performance vary by sibship size. Analyses show that the negative effect of divorce on adolescent performance attenuates as sibship size increases. On the other side of the interaction, the inverse relationship between sibship size and test performance is weaker in disrupted than in two-biological-parent families. Trends of such interactions are evident when sibship size is examined either as a continuous or a categorical measure. Finally, the observed interactions on adolescents’ academic performance are completely explained by variations in parental financial, human, cultural, and social resources. In sum, this study underlines the importance of treating the effect of parental divorce as a variable and calls for more research to identify child and family features that may change the magnitude of such an effect.     

Transformed generalized linear models

The estimation of data transformation is very useful to yield response variables satisfying closely a normal linear model. Generalized linear models enable the fitting of models to a wide range of data types. These models are based on exponential dispersion models. We propose a new class of transformed generalized linear models to extend the Box and Cox models and the generalized linear models. We use the generalized linear model framework to fit these models and discuss maximum likelihood estimation and inference. We give a simple formula to estimate the parameter that index the transformation of the response variable for a subclass of models. We also give a simple formula to estimate the r$r$th moment of the original dependent variable. We explore the possibility of using these models to time series data to extend the generalized autoregressive moving average models discussed by Benjamin et al. [Generalized autoregressive moving average models. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 98, 214–223]. The usefulness of these models is illustrated in a simulation study and in applications to three real data sets.     

从灶神赫斯提亚崇拜看希腊人的家庭观和生殖观

希腊语表示“家庭”这个词的意思是“环绕圣火的人”或是“同一烟火下的人”,其意思是组成家庭的人就是那些被许可崇拜同一家火并祭祀同一祖先的人。因此家庭不是男女双方两性关系的结合。而是由灶神赫斯提亚联系起来的一家人,赫斯提亚是希腊家庭的组织原则。另外,希腊人的思想中一直莆绕着纯粹父系遗传的梦想,故而创造了“技子是炉灶中的一块烧焦的木柴”的王室神话以及大地生人的“地生人”神话,进而产生了“男人是种子,女人是地,孩子在母亲的子宫中生长,就像庄稼在撒下种子的土壤中生长一样”的思想。而孩子生下后的“十日礼”则彻底抹去了在母亲的鲜血和肚腹中出生的事实,同时也把妇女完全排除在城邦公民权之外。