社会性别视角下的流动人口社会保障状况研究

本研究通过利用2009年中国流动人口问题调查资料,在社会性别视角下展示了男女两性流动人口社会保障的状况与差异,探究了社会保险参保率性别差异的主要原因,提出了提高女性流动人口社会保障程度、缩小两性差距、促进男女公平享有社会保障权益的政策建议。     

Diversified committees in hiring processes: Lab evidence on group dynamics

In recent years, committee quotas have been introduced to combat the underrepresentation of women in male-stereotyped environments. However, the lack of clarity surrounding in-group preferences and gender differences in group dynamics calls into question the inclusion of women as a solution to the gender gap in labour market outcomes. In this paper, I provide experimental evidence to show: a) how the gender composition of committees affects the probability of female candidates being recruited in a hiring process; and b) how men and women behave in group dynamics as a mechanism explaining the outcome of the policy. I designed a laboratory experiment in which groups of three subjects had to jointly select two candidates from a pool of six to perform a task. Female candidates’ probability of success did not improve as the number of women in the committee increased. I found that male-majority committees were the most beneficial for female candidates. In these groups, men and women exhibited a similar level of voice and influence during deliberations, proposing both male and female candidates for recruitment. Conversely, female-majority groups were the most detrimental to female candidates. Women in female-majority groups exhibited a similar level of voice, but men, who proposed more male candidates, were more influential, which limited the contribution of women. The paper suggests that having more women in the committee does not necessarily benefit female candidates and calls for caution when it comes to designing policies for equality in the labour market.     

性别、家庭财富与不同年龄阶段儿童辍学行为——基于2006年中国营养与健康调查数据

基于2006年中国营养与健康调查截面数据中农村教育阶段儿童样本的研究,本文发现,儿童性别、教育阶段、母亲最高教育年限及父亲身体健康状况是影响儿童辍学的重要因素,然而,随着儿童年龄增长性别歧视和家庭财富状况的影响逐渐减弱,并且会在一定年龄阶段改变影响方向。儿童辍学行为的影响因素中家庭财富状况由家庭父母教育程度和职业内生决定。     

Framing diversity: A qualitative content analysis of public relations industry publications

This qualitative content analysis used framing theory to examine how gender and diversity have been framed over the past decade in modern public relations industry publications. Findings revealed that diversity is most often set aside in its own issue or column and not integrated throughout the whole of the publications. Most articles about diverse populations mentioned primarily Hispanic or Latino populations and Blacks or African Americans. Diversity is framed as different, a journey or process, a language problem, a responsibility, inclusion, transforming workplace culture, enhancing the profession, resource intensive, power driven, needing to be justified, and impacting the bottom line. Disparities in public relations still exist among gender, racial, and ethnic groups with less power and must be addressed more fully in public relations professional publications.     

亚洲视野下中国性别不平等态势、后果与治理——“性别与社会可持续发展”国际研讨会综述

"性别与社会可持续发展"国际研讨会期间,来自海内外的专家、学者以及实际工作者就性别不平等态势、社会后果与挑战、公共政策与治理进行了深入的讨论与交流。会议认为:在亚洲部分国家,性别不平等现象普遍存在,女性在生存和发展方面难以获得与男性同等的权利;男孩偏好、医疗技术的发展以及缺乏性别视角的公共政策均会加剧性别失衡,加重婚姻挤压程度,增加被迫失婚男性的数量,进而挑战现有的婚姻家庭形式,对社会稳定形成隐患;性别平等中"性"的多元化讨论正在成为新的关注点,从性别视角关注性与公共健康成为一种趋势。会议促进了国内外相关研究机构的合作,拓展了性别研究的领域与手段,为进一步开展性别失衡治理工作提供了可借鉴的理论与现实依据。     

“伤痕”与“反思”小说中“受伤者”的形象分析

"伤痕"和"反思"小说中的"受伤者"形象包含着丰富的时代信息。当其为"知识分子"时,常常被设计为"革命知识分子";当其为"女性"时,常常被想象为等待男性拯救的"少女"形象或寻找父亲的"女儿"形象。在关于"受伤者"的身份设计和性别想象中,既展示着历史与现实的交锋,又演绎着记忆与遗忘的辩证法。     

浅析女大学生就业难

就业是民生之本,现阶段总体就业形势严峻。随着高校的大规模扩招,毕业生总体供大于求。大学生就业难仅仅是一般劳动就业问题,女大学生就业难除了劳动就业问题以外,还附带有劳动力市场上的性别歧视问题。本文首先对女大学生的现状进行分析,然后对女大学生就业难提出具体有针对性的对策,以便消除女大学生就业中的"性别歧视",实现男女大学生的平等就业,充分发挥女性人力资源的重要作用。     

Sex after divorce: older adult women’s reflections

People who divorce experience a number of negative impacts, and yet divorce also offers opportunities for growth and transformation. This qualitative study of older adult women offers the possibility that divorce may be sexually empowering, especially for women, based on in-depth interviewing of women who had gone through one or more divorces. Detailed examples of the experiences of fourteen women with divorce and sexual expression are offered, focusing on in which situations divorce might be empowering and how it could contribute to sexual exploration and satisfaction. Overall, for the fourteen women in the study who had experienced divorce, the quality of sex in the marriage impacted the quality of sexual expression after the divorce. Also, these findings supported the idea of transformational learning through divorce, and expand divorce-stress-adjustment and transformational learning perspectives to apply more specifically to sexual expression. Understanding possible impacts of divorce over the lifespan, including strengths-based aspects, is important for social workers as the population they serve ages.     

Gender homophily from spatial behavior in a primary school: A sociometric study

We investigate gender homophily in the spatial proximity of children (6–12 years old) in a French primary school, using time-resolved data on face-to-face proximity recorded by means of wearable sensors. For strong ties, i.e., for pairs of children who interact more than a defined threshold, we find statistical evidence of gender preference that increases with grade. For weak ties, conversely, gender homophily is negatively correlated with grade for girls, and positively correlated with grade for boys. This different evolution with grade of weak and strong ties exposes a contrasted picture of gender homophily.     

女大学生性别角色的发展趋势——基于跨十年的调查比较分析

当代女大学生是未来女性人才的特殊群体,作为社会女性发展的代表力量,其性别角色的发展及性别角色意识表现被看成社会发展进步的一个风向标。通过调查发现,当代女大学生性别角色呈现出以下发展趋势:双性化性别角色类型成为当代女大学生性别角色发展的主要趋势;不同年级之间、来自城市与农村之间的女大学生的性别角色类型分布存在显著差异。应该通过重视双性化人格的培养,引导其正确看待性别角色倾向,帮助其塑造自身性别角色形象等方式促进女大学生性别角色发展与人格完善。