民族大迁移造就了北京城

民族大迁移 ,尤其是少数民族大迁移造就了北京城。辽、金、元、明、清五朝 ,均有民族大迁移。尤其是明清两朝 ,均将北京的前朝居民迁移出去 ,本族居民迁移进来。在今天的北京 ,辽代契丹人留下了天宁寺塔 ,金代女真人遗下金太液池的一汪清水 ,元代蒙古人的胡同和六海水系还在沿用 ,明代汉族工匠建成了宫殿、长城和十三陵 ,清代精美的皇家园林和王府建筑后人至今无法企及。     

"离农"与韩国农业的现状

韩国自 194 5年独立到 1999年间 ,伴随着工业化的高速进展 ,农村人口也大量流失 ,占总人口的比重由 70 %下降到 9%,使得目前的农村劳动力严重不足与老龄化。人口的减少与剧烈的两极分化 ,使出租地增加到总耕地面积的 4 0 %以上 ,而且基本上是土改前租佃关系的翻版 ,不利于机械化与生产效率的提高。由于农业危机 ,韩国政府希望通过建立股份化的农场 ,使农业生产规模化、现代化 ,并为此做了很多努力 ,但进展不太顺利。     

全球化时代的移民对东亚的影响

在东亚 ,民族与国家是密切联系在一起的 ,但是自 2 0世纪 80年代全球交往加深以来 ,这些社会所深深认同的在国家范围内民族单一性的观念受到了国际移民的挑战。这些移民多数是来自亚洲或者是有着亚洲种族血统的拉美人。多元民族社会的出现已经开始了 ,由全球化而引发的移民和较高收入社会的人口下降对近来及未来数十年的公共政策会有很大的影响。尽管各国的中央政府继续推行使单一民族国家现实化的政策 ,但是一些地方政府和市民组织已经在很多情况下对种族和文化的多样性现实以及外国工人在他们的社区的生活、工作及社会公平问题做出越来越积极的回应。这必然对东亚的社会结构及民主的进程产生深远的影响     

清末新疆通内外交通的反差

古代历朝对西域的治策和经略多以武力振威和怀柔羁縻 ,而非彻底加以建设和真正开发 ,这是西域以至民国新疆难与内地同一化 ,以及经营失策的重要症结。新疆内外交通反差巨大 ,外通优于内通即是显著窥孔。由此可见政治军事大于经济建设的历代弊端。     

贯彻和实施《内部会计控制规范》的对策研究

一、我国内部会计控制规范建设(一)内部控制与内部会计控制内部控制理论在西方从20世纪到现在经过一个世纪的发展,已相当成熟。大致经历了五个阶段,即内部牵制阶段、内部控制阶段、管理控制和会计控制阶段、内部控制结构阶段和一体化结构阶段。目前,COSO委员会提出的内部控制结     

论法治与德治的内在统一

法治与德治相结合的治国方略 ,如鸟之两翼 ,车之两轮 ,相辅相成 ,缺一不可。从人性论出发 ,法治在于止恶 ,德治在于扬善 ;从经济方面说 ,法治导致自由 ,德治导致秩序 ;从民众角度讲 ,法治 (民治 )激发社会活力 ,德治 (教民 )引导人们思想。深度思考法治与德治怎样达到内在统一和从哪些层面实现统一 ,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义     

也论迁徙自由的宪法回归

迁徙自由具有基本人权性质,是我国社会主义市场经济体制建立的一个重要条件,也是解决其它社会问题的关键因素,理应入宪。迁徙自由在实现途径上权利赋予与制度保障应衔接进行。     

Land Ownership as a Determinant of Temporary Migration in Nang Rong, Thailand

In this study I consider landownership as a determinant of temporary migrationin a rural area of Thailand. Previous researchon rural areas in developing countries hasfocused on the use of migration to diversifyhousehold incomes across economic sectors andacross geographic areas. I combine thisliterature with economic theories of migrationto understand the effect of land ownership ontemporary migration of household members inNang Rong, Thailand. I estimate regressionmodels predicting the probability of ahousehold having any temporary migrants, andpredicting the number of male or femaletemporary migrants in the household. I findthat households with smaller landholdings arediversifying through migration in order tosupplement rural income, while households withlarger landholdings are diversifying in orderto overcome the absence of accessible credit inthe village.     

Economic Determinants of Net International Migration in Western Europe

This paper aims to estimate theinfluence of economic determinants on netinternational migration in Western Europe inthe period 1960–1998. Net migration rates(i.e., population growth minus natural increase,divided by the midyear population) constitutethe dependent variable. The economicdeterminants used in this study are GDP percapita, unemployment, and average educationallevel (amount of human capital) of thepopulation. Time series regression models havebeen used in country-specific analyses. Inaddition, a pooled cross-sectional time seriesanalysis has been made. The analyses suggestthat GDP per capita has a positive effect andunemployment a negative effect on a country'snet international migration.     

State‐led transnationalism and migration: reaching out to the Argentine community in Spain

Abstract This article focuses on when and how states develop transnational policies. It presents a case study of a relatively small emigrant community, whose departure was not simply caused by poverty or crisis, but most recently by an economic and political debacle that questioned people's values and expectations. I focus on the state side of the equation and identify a shift in Argentina's policy after 2003, though also show how such policies came out of a long history of state intervention in population and migration and are now related to human rights concerns and the unfinished process of democratic consolidation. I argue that the state initiates political transnationalism, not migrants, and highlight the importance of some relatively unexplored factors in the understanding of the motivation, intensity and impact of the state's involvement, such as the characteristics of the emigrant community, the existence of specific political projects, the role of some domestic actors and processes, and the nature of international agreements.