儒学的"内在超越性"与"历史总体"问题——从分析牟宗三、李泽厚、安乐哲诸观点出发

近代以来,儒学的宗教性问题成为儒学研究的焦点,当代新儒家兴起后,这一问题转化为对儒学超越性的讨论。针对牟宗三的内在超越性经由实体化的心体走向独断论,李泽厚与安乐哲提出了不同观点。李泽厚反对任何形式的超越性,主张以情本体来取代超越性;安乐哲则强调应该消解儒学的超越性本质,代之以开放性的过程哲学。但二人皆有从根本上取消儒学超越性品格之嫌。通过吸收三家的观点,在李泽厚礼由俗出和文化积淀说的基础上,本文提出,应该从历史总体的视角来分析儒学超越性问题。在这一视角中,一方面,儒学具有内在超越性的品格,另一方面,这种内在超越性应该来源于开放性的不断发展的社会历史过程。     

关于近代来华定居犹太人的几个基本问题

从19世纪末至20世纪中叶,数万名欧洲犹太人或远涉重洋,或穿越广袤的西伯利亚大地来到中国,定居在上海和哈尔滨,电有少量定居在天津、北京、大连、沈阳、青岛。这些犹太人分为来华淘金和来华避难两大类型。由于中国人民的友善和宽容,也因犹太人超强的生存能力,他们在中国安居乐业,不少人还发家致富。就连二战期间遭受德国纳粹党迫害而被迫流亡的犹太难民也得到人道主义的救助,躲过了人类历史上惨绝人寰的劫难。他们在中国还组织了各类社团,过着正常的宗教生活。这是一段不应忘记的历史,也是20世纪人口迁移史上一个不可忽略的课题。     

Coaching in der Pastoral der Diözese Speyer

Coaching in the pastoral of the diocese of Speyer. Internal coaching between office and independence A lack of priests and changes in social conditions are forcing the Diocese of Speyer to employ people on an honorary basis in executive functions of spiritual welfare. The permanent staff of the bishopric are now to coach those volunteers in order to accompany the process. For this they need a great deal of independence as ?new coaches“, which can however put their loyalty to the ecclesiastical office into question, as long as they fail to acquire appropriate forms of communicative plausibility. No one can on any account escape from the momentum sparked off through the use of coaching in a hierarchically structured operation — neither the operation nor the coaches.     

A Cascaded Inference Model for Evaluation of the Internal Audit Report*

This paper provides a normative framework for how external auditors should evaluate internal audit (IA) work, with a view to assessing the risk of material misstatement. The central issue facing the external auditor when evaluating IA work is the reliability of IA work. Reliability assessments are structured using the cascaded inference framework from behavioral decision theory, in which attributes of source reliability are explicitly modeled and combined using Bayes' rule in order to determine the inferential value of IA work. Results suggest that the inferential value of an IA report is highly sensitive to internal auditor reporting bias, but relatively insensitive to reporting veracity. Veracity refers to internal auditors' propensity to report truthfully, whereas bias refers to the propensity to misreport findings. Results also indicate that this sensitivity to reporting bias is conditional on the level of internal auditor competence, thus suggesting significant interaction effects between the objectivity and competence factors. Collectively, these findings suggest that the impact of source reliability attributes may be more complex than portrayed in the auditing standards and that recognizing these subtleties may lead to greater efficiency and effectiveness.     

少数民族人口分布变动与人口迁移形势 --2000年第五次人口普查数据分析

本文基于第五次人口普查资料,分析了近年中国少数民族的人口分布特点和变动趋势:主要 分布在西部地区,人口分布重心继续向西移动;大多数少数民族都高度集中于传统区域内,但集中 程度已趋于减小;农业人口占绝对优势,城镇化水平很低;人口迁移流动率较低,人口分布相对凝固化。     

The Kazakhs of Western Mongolia: transnational migration from 1990–2008

The Kazakhs are the largest minority group in Mongolia, a relatively homogenous country dominated by Khalkh Mongols. Since 1991, Mongolia has transitioned politically and economically and witnessed significant changes in internal and international migration flows. The large-scale movement of ethnic Kazakhs from Western Mongolia to Kazakhstan represents one such emerging international flow. This migration is influenced by economic motivations, historical cultural ties to Kazakhstan, and immigration policies of both countries. This paper assesses the local and national circumstances that shape migration decision-making in Western Mongolia during the transition years and highlights changes in the characteristics and directions of migration flows during this time. We identify three periods of migration with each period characterized by changing economies and national policies in Mongolia and Kazakhstan, as well as changes in communications technologies and extensiveness of social networks among prospective migrants. These periods illustrate how transnational migration flows evolve through time and are affected by national, local, and individual circumstances.     

西部教育投资时态与人力资本困境摆脱

受收入水平、预期收益、投资成本等多种因素的约束,西部地区农村居民对于教育投入的积极性不高。西部农村向东部及本区域内城市地区的人力资本单向迁移,使农村发展失去人力资本支撑。这些导致了西部地区城乡发展水平的差距不断扩大。政府应加大对西部农村教育投资力度和政策优惠力度,控制农村人口增长速度,创造价值发挥环境,逐步提高西部农村地区入力资本存量,缩小城乡差距。     

考古学文化考证的瑶族千家峒

以考古学文化与瑶族<评皇券牒>、历史文献中的瑶族迁徙为依据探析千家峒的生成.据考古学文化与历史背景分析,辨析瑶族最早的千家峒在今天湖南临湘市龙窖山.江永大远千家峒、广西灌阳韭菜岭千家峒说,是世世代代不同人们的研究的诠释.     

内迁与融合:魏晋时期西北地域的民族互动

魏晋南北朝时期,是我国古代历史上民族大融合的第二次高峰。西北地域周边的匈奴、羌、氐、西域诸族及秃发鲜卑等内迁诸族,因长期与汉族错居杂处,形成共同经济体制,民族间的差异逐渐减少,最后与汉族在互动中融合。     

The construction,composition and rationale of immigrants’ network: The support strategies of Ghanaian immigrants in Toronto,Canada

In this article, we investigate the construction, composition and rationale behind the personal networks of recent immigrants to Canada. Drawing on egocentric-network analysis and interviews with 172 Ghanaian immigrants in Toronto, we reveal their networking strategies during their integration. First, we identify social locations that help create ties with different groups: workplaces and schools offer access to ties with non-immigrants and other immigrants alike, while religious and ethnic organizations facilitate ties to co-nationals (i.e., Ghanaians). Second, most individuals within immigrants’ network are co-nationals whose relationship began in Canada, followed by sustained transnational ties in the origin and diaspora and few ties with the non-immigrant. The nature of this network is explained by examining the migration project of immigrants together with the context of reception in Canada, which suggests a desire by immigrants to stay in Canada and make Canada their second home. The implications of these findings are discussed.