Assessing an Adult Mental Health Clinic for Age-Related Issues

A community mental health clinic in an urban setting is the subject of an exploratory assessment to determine whether its 55 + patients are being treated according to the special diagnostic and treatment issues that tend to affect older people. Depression is found to be high on the list of diagnoses in this age group. As many as 40% of the group are considered to be at risk for suicide. The interrelationship of medical and psychological factors is emphasized. Sixty-two percent of those studied are determined to be socially isolated. Treatment techniques recommended in the literature for older patients are summarized, and it is determined that, while therapists at the clinic.have not been trained in geriatric psychology, many are instinctively utilizing these techniques. Recommendations are made for increased use of groupwork with older patients, inservice education for staff, attention to medical complications, improved outreach, and involvement of family.     

Some recent results for series system reliability

Asymptotic properties of key test results ate obtained. Some further results on the Lindstrom-Madden method are given, including a binomial-Poisson inequality, together with some numerical examples. Simplified proofs of some results of Pledger and Proschan (1971) and Nevius, Proschan and Sethuraman (1977) are provided and the listing of a FORTRAN program to calculate a lower bound to the 1-α lower confidence limit on the system reliability is given.     

A comparative evaluation of the estimators of the three-parameter generalized pareto distribution

The parameters and quantiles of the three-parameter generalized Pareto distribution (GPD3) were estimated using six methods for Monte Carlo generated samples. The parameter estimators were the moment estimator and its two variants, probability-weighted moment estimator, maximum likelihood estimator, and entropy estimator. Parameters were investigated using a factorial experiment. The performance of these estimators was statistically compared, with the objective of identifying the most robust estimator from amongst them.     

英语学习者“汉语思维”的成因及对策初探

中国学习者的“汉语思维”是其有效进行英语交流的主要障碍，而这种不利于英语学习的思维方式恰是“翻译法”统治下的英语课堂教学的产物。目前“翻译法”的课堂操作暴露出两大问题，一是将作为目的的翻译（“交际翻译”）和作为手段的翻译（“教学翻译”）混为一谈，二是翻译手段的课堂运用多盲目、欠合理，致使教学翻译无法实现其应有的良性作用，反而阻碍了学习者“英语思维”的形成和发展。包括“五步曲”在内的一些教学设想旨在避免教学翻译的负面影响，使之促进学习者“英语思想”的形成。     

基于KJ法及KANO模型的产品功能设计方法研究

针对现有的功能设计方法中存在的新功能开发无创新、功能需求度模糊等问题,提出了一种基于KJ法及KANO 模型的产品功能设计方法。运用限定式KJ法建立产品功能清单,并采用优化后的KANO模型对目标用户的需求度数据 进行统计和分析,得到各功能的需求类型及需求度指标,构建反映目标用户需求的产品功能塔,以此作为个性化需求定 制或功能修改的理论依据。最后以洗衣机的功能设计为案例探索本方法在实际功能设计中的有效性,结果表明：该方法 能够直观地体现产品目标用户对各功能的需求,有利于优化产品功能设计流程,提高用户对产品的满意度。     

胡适实验主义治学方法的形成与演化

“大胆的假设,小心的求证”是胡适实验主义治学方法的高度概括。怀疑—假设—求证是其治学方法三个最重要的构成部分。这一治学方法思路的最终确立在时间上有一形成过程,即从萌芽到试验到理论化时期。同时,在思维逻辑上是由一不自觉到自觉的过程。     

口语测试对四、六级分层教学的积极反拨效应

笔者通过对四、六级分层教学提高班的测试模式调查发现,口语测试对提高班的英语教学有积极的反拨效应,主要表现在以下几方面：1）学生更重视口语练习;2）课堂上口语练习的形式、内容更丰富;3）口语训练观念的改变;4）学生课外口语练习主动性提高;5）口语测试结果为自我评价提供了依据。     

Modelling method effects as individual causal effects

Summary.  Method effects often occur when different methods are used for measuring the same construct. We present a new approach for modelling this kind of phenomenon, consisting of a definition of method effects and a first model, the method effect model , that can be used for data analysis. This model may be applied to multitrait–multimethod data or to longitudinal data where the same construct is measured with at least two methods at all occasions. In this new approach, the definition of the method effects is based on the theory of individual causal effects by Neyman and Rubin. Method effects are accordingly conceptualized as the individual effects of applying measurement method j instead of k . They are modelled as latent difference scores in structural equation models. A reference method needs to be chosen against which all other methods are compared. The model fit is invariant to the choice of the reference method. The model allows the estimation of the average of the individual method effects, their variance, their correlation with the traits (and other latent variables) and the correlation of different method effects among each other. Furthermore, since the definition of the method effects is in line with the theory of causality, the method effects may (under certain conditions) be interpreted as causal effects of the method. The method effect model is compared with traditional multitrait–multimethod models. An example illustrates the application of the model to longitudinal data analysing the effect of negatively (such as 'feel bad') as compared with positively formulated items (such as 'feel good') measuring mood states.     

网络交易中信用评价方法研究

信任被认为是影响网络交易发展的关键因素之一.尤其是在C2C网络交易中,网络交易失信行为屡屡发生.本文通过分析建立交易方信用评价的必要性,提出C2C网络交易中的交易方信用评价模型与评价方法,目的在于,在一定程度上防止交易方在交易过程中的欺诈行为,帮助建立一个有信任的网络交易环境.