Identity and Schooling among the Naxi

This paper examines the role of schooling in constructing identity of Naxi secondary students in Lijiang, southwest China. The study shows that the school assigns an identity of the Chinese nation to Naxi students, while it also plays a role in forming their ethnic identity. The school curriculum, teachers' teaching, and interactions among students influence the identity construction of Naxi students. A qualitative method was designed to collect data for this study.     

国际环境对毛泽东探索社会主义建设道路的积极影响

国际环境是一国制定其路线方针政策的基本依据。中共八大前后 ,苏联模式弊端的暴露 ,世界局势总体趋于缓和 ,苏共二十大及其反对个人崇拜的斗争 ,波匈事件及社会主义国家改革浪潮的涌动 ,世界科技革命的兴起等等 ,都对中国社会主义建设道路的探索产生了积极影响。     

马克思主义社会发展理论在当代中国的全新诠释——论"全面建设小康社会"的丰富内涵

全面建设小康社会的目标体现了将经济建设与改革的新目标、精神文明建设的新目标、政治文明建设的新目标、实现可持续发展的新目标等综合在一起的全面、系统的总体建设目标,是马克思主义社会发展理论在当代中国的全新诠释。     

论民族传统体育文化产业发展与精神文明建设互动

以湘鄂渝黔边区为例，概述了民族传统体育文化产业发展现状以及该地区精神文明建设的时代特点，探讨了民族传统体育文化产业发展与精神文明建设的主要内容和民族传统体育文化产业发展介入该地区精神文明建设的切入点以及它们协调发展的可行性、发展模式及其可持续发展的对策。     

Using panel methods to model waiting times for National Health Service surgery

Summary. Long waiting times for non-emergency (elective) procedures are a central feature of the UK's National Health Service, with about 1 million people waiting for surgery at any one time. This paper develops empirical models of the demand for and supply of elective surgery which simultaneously determine waiting times. The models are tested by using a panel of annual data for 5499 small areas from 1991 to 1998. Supply and demand functions are estimated for all specialties combined and for seven individual specialties, using panel data methods that incorporate simultaneously determined variables. The elasticity of demand with respect to waiting time varies between specialties but is always quite small. The results are discussed in the light of UK Government policy initiatives designed to reduce waiting times substantially. The analysis suggests that these initiatives will not stimulate demand markedly and therefore stand a good chance of succeeding provided that adequate additional resources are made available.     

中国国民经济核算的发展、改革、挑战

 本文回顾了从改革开放初期到经济普查前,中国国民经济核算的建立和发展情况,阐述了经济普查年度中国国民经济核算的改革和经济普查之后中国国民经济核算的新发展,探讨了目前中国国民经济核算中存在的问题和挑战,并提出了中国国民经济核算进一步改革和发展的设想。     

国家考古遗址公园公众感知度提升策略研究——以大明宫国家遗址公园为例

国家考古遗址公园是遗产地保护与传承领域日趋成熟的模式,是公众感知享用的重要场所,阐释与展示则是合理引导公众感知、欣赏并保护遗产地的重要技术手段,两个概念并举强调从过去单纯注重遗址形态和价值的拓展到遗产地精神的挖掘,并进而重视公众的感知及参与。通过网络文本分析方法,以大明宫国家遗址公园为实证研究对象,探索公众对国家考古遗址公园感知特点及规律。研究发现,大明宫国家遗址公园的科研、游憩和教育功能虽得到有效发挥,但因阐释与展示的不足而导致公众感知遗产地核心价值的效果不佳; 基于此,从“点-线-面-场”的逻辑关系提出构建阐释与展示主题框架、设置多维游憩线路丰富阐释与展示形式、架构复合型阐释与展示系统、创新阐释与展示传播方式等策略,提升国家考古遗址公园的公众感知度。     

Estimates of the Number of Liver Carcinogens in Bioassays Conducted by the National Toxicology Program

Estimates were made of the numbers of liver carcinogens in 390 long-term bioassays conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP). These estimates were obtained from examination of the global pattern of p-values obtained from statistical tests applied to individual bioassays. Representative estimates of the number of liver carcinogens (90% confidence interval in parentheses) obtained in our analysis compared to NTP's determination are as follows: female rats—49 (23, 76), NTP = 30; male rats—88 (59, 116), NTP = 35; female mice—131 (105, 157), NTP = 81; male mice—100 (73, 126), NTP = 61; overall—166 (135, 197), NTP = 108. The estimator from which these estimates were obtained is biased low by an unknown amount. Consequently, this study provides persuasive evidence of the existence of more rodent liver carcinogens than were identified by the NTP.     

Longitudinal predictors of homelessness: findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-97

Homeless youth represent a vulnerable and understudied population. Little research has prospectively identified factors that may place youth at risk for experiencing homelessness. The current study utilizes data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-97 (NLSY-97) to examine predictors of experiencing homelessness as a young adult (before age 25). The NLSY-97 includes a nationally representative sample of 8984 youth. Data were first collected from these youth when they were between the ages of 12 and 18 years. The current study examined whether individual and family risk factors reported during adolescence predict homelessness by the age of 25. The findings showed that multiple runaway episodes, nontraditional family structure, lower educational attainment, and parental work limitations due to health increased the risk of homelessness. A permissive parenting style and being Hispanic protected against homelessness. This study offers unique insight into risk and protective factors for youth homelessness and has important clinical implications.     

伊朗的宗教地缘战略分析

伊朗宗教地缘战略是指伊朗积极利用宗教纽带构建以伊朗为中心、涵盖伊拉克、叙利亚、黎巴嫩以及其他什叶派居住地区的势力范围的战略谋划。伊朗的宗教地缘战略建立在宗教认同的基础之上,而非伊斯兰革命的意识形态上,虽引起了国际社会的不安,但具有防御性和理性特点。鲁哈尼时期,伊朗将会对其宗教地缘战略有所克制,但不会放弃。