Citizens of Nowhere in Particular: Cosmopolitanism,Writing, and Political Engagement in Eighteenth-Century Europe

This article explores the connection in the late eighteenth century between the invention of citizenship and the obfuscation of local, corporate or national identity under the guise of cosmopolitanism. The common premise in much recent writing on nationalism is that the nation, even if it is an 'imagined' community, provided the critical framework in which political identity and, hence, political participation first became possible for ordinary people. However, it is clear that in absolutist Europe, private subjects were often best able to make themselves into political actors on either the national or the continental stage by de-situating themselves rhetorically, that is, claiming to speak from no place, no position, and no name except 'friend of humanity' or 'citizen of the world'. Moreover, this literary strategy of insisting on one's fungible individuality—the notion that one was no more than a generic 'simple citizen' and no less than 'the plenipotentate of my own ideas' in a culture obsessed with social position and family name—ultimately helped to bolster an alternative (and often historically overlooked) way of thinking about relations among states and the individuals within them that marked an early challenge to the hegemony of national interest.     

Moving Subjects,Stagnant Paradigms: Can the ‘Mobilities Paradigm’ Transcend Methodological Nationalism?

This article contends that an emerging ‘mobilities paradigm’ within the social sciences reproduces an analytical gaze that is predominantly fixated on the movement of people across national borders. This privileging of state borders and categories in many of the mobilities studies should alert us to the extent to which it brings novelty to our examination of human mobility in the world. By analysing the flow of migrant workers from rural China to Israel, this article demonstrates how new insights regarding the importance and meaning of crossing national borders can be generated by looking at mobilities through the eyes of those involved in them, allowing state categories and national borders to prefigure in the analysis to an extent and form that are relevant for migrants. The article depicts the mobility-ridden life of Tseng, who comes from a small village in Fujian province and who, after migrating internally in China several times, decides to go to Israel. Highlighting the importance of unequal capital accumulation in shaping human mobility, the article questions some taken-for-granted assumptions about the motivation and situation of those who exercise international mobility; it particularly upsets a prevalent association in migration studies between physical and socio-economic mobility.     

‘We Lay Claim to Him!’ Berlin,Rothko, Eisenstein,and the Reorientation of Latvian National Identity

Since the late 1990s, Latvia has increasingly made claim on the intellectual and cultural heritage of Sir Isaiah Berlin, Mark Rothko, and Sergei Eisenstein. This article adopts a social constructivist approach in comparing and contrasting the role of intellectuals in framing nineteenth-century national identities and their contemporary instrumentalization as tools in the construction of national identity. The article then considers the “seizure” of Berlin, Rothko, and Eisenstein as “Latvians,” arguing that this process has been undertaken for both international and domestic purposes—to socialize and integrate Latvia with the West, and to promote domestic value change.     

博物馆新闻摄影的价值与思考——以中国国家博物馆新闻摄影为例

在百年发展历程中,中国国家博物馆始终是重要的公共文化中心。与之相关的不同历史时期的新闻摄影,不仅成为中国国家博物馆在国家政治文化生活中地位不断增强的历史见证,更是中华民族自强自立、繁荣复兴的珍贵缩影。同时,新闻事件发生场域的独特性也决定了博物馆新闻摄影的独特意义与特殊要求。     

意识与意志的同一：法律精神的文化与逻辑结构

法律精神是个体主观的法律意识与客观的法律意志之间高度同一性的状态,它是表征普通民众对法律规范认同的范畴,与普通民众的生活习惯与文化情感紧密相连,因此,法律意识与法律意志之间的张力与共融性的关系必然置于特定的文化传统之下,方可获得真实性的内涵,也才能彰显国家法律制度体系在规制社会秩序上的“合法性”。     

云南省“国培计划”培训需求分析

在新课程改革的背景之下,教师专业发展已经成为人们关注的焦点,与此同时,对教师教育的有效培训也逐渐被人们所重视。为提高培训效果,如何设置最符合教师发展的课程内容、如何设置教师最需要的专业知识等成为所有培训机构考虑的重点。因此,本文以云南省“国培计划农村中小学教师置换脱产研修”培训需求分析为基础,以培训需求和培训实效为重点来说明如何实施有效的教师教育培训。     

论党的十八大报告中外交战略新思路

在党的十八大上,胡锦涛以"继续促进人类和平与发展的崇高事业"为主题,对当前的国际形势和中国外交部分做了精辟有力的论述。党的十八大报告中,关于外交部分的阐述,准确分析中国所处的国际环境,确定中国的身份和责任,并在此基础上指明中国新时期的外交理念和外交策略。这勾画出中国外交战略的新蓝图,为正在稳步发展的中国指明了前进的方向。报告中还包含了诸多新提法,如反复强调反对战争和暴力,主张和平与发展;强调中国"负责任大国"的身份及其自觉自律;处理国与国关系的新理念;加强公共的人文外交等,值得人们关注和深思。     

国家社科基金项目关于“三农”问题的研究解析

1993—2010年国家社科基金项目关于"三农"问题的研究主要涉及农村、农民、农业以及"三农"综合问题等四个方面。农村问题的研究项目数量最多,其研究内容主要包括农村发展与改革建设、农村政治民主与法治建设、新农村建设等九个方面;关于农民问题的研究内容主要包括农民工问题、农民素质问题、失地农民问题等方面;农业问题方面的研究主要涉及农业发展、农产品及土地问题;"三农"问题的综合研究涉及中国历史、应用经济、经济理论、人口学和党史党建等学科。国家社科基金项目关于"三农"问题的研究也存在重复研究多、跨学科力度不够、研究人员水平不高等问题。     

国家形象概念的国际关系学界定

国家形象是一个综合性概念,国际传播学、历史文化学和政治学对其分别有定义和描述,但各有不同的侧重和特点。国际关系学力图涵盖三种学科的要点,从对国家形象的政治学本源“威望”的理解与分析出发,用建构主义理论重新定义国家形象。重新定义更加有助于认清国家形象的构成因素和地位,明确国家形象理论对引导政府决策的重要意义以及在国际关系中的关键作用,影响国家对内对外政策的制定,改善国际关系现状,提高国家的地位和国际影响力,最终实现国家利益最大化。     

唐代摩尼教“风”入神名考——夷教文典“风”字研究之二

敦煌发见唐代摩尼教写经,出现若干以"风"入名的神号,本文据外来文明变异的原理,在解读有关汉文献基础上,参照中亚摩尼教的神谱,考其在西域摩尼教中的原型,针对西方学者的误释,一一加以考辨,认为该等神号取以"风"字,并非源于西域语言,而是效法华夏传统文化,直接用汉词命名。