联邦主义理论与我国的国家结构

联邦主义的理论范式是一种处理国家间关系、国家内中央政府与地方政府关系的重要政治理念与原则,它主要体现为政治联邦主义与财政联邦主义。其中,政治联邦主义又体现为英国的社会联邦主义、德国的行政联邦主义、美国的宪政联邦主义和前苏联的民族联邦主义。我国的民族区域自治制度、“一国两制”制度和分税制都在一定程度上契合了联邦主义的理论精神。以联邦主义理论为参照,建立地方自治制度可能会成为今后我国地方制度发展完善的主要方向。     

试论形神学说在亚健康状态调治中的意义

从形与神的辩证统一 ,以及亚健康状态与心理障碍的相互因果关系出发 ,分析了西医学与现代临床心理学在该领域的不足 ,进而从中医学长于调整状态之优势及中医形神学说“治神以形 ,治形以神”的辨证体系出发 ,论证了形神学说在亚健康状态调治中的重要意义     

《利维坦》主权形成的内在逻辑——新的政治基础和主权建构

通过对《利维坦》的解读揭示作者国家主权理论中的内在逻辑。根据霍布斯在《论人类》中前几章的写作背景和意图,并借助于施特劳斯和剑桥学派的相关解读,可看出霍布斯新的政治哲学基础,即在自然状态下关于权势欲与恐惧之间的对立。在此基础上,霍布斯进一步阐释了精致地构建主权理论,并为《利维坦》所塑造的两张完全不同的面孔。     

1949-1957年中国共产党政权建设与农村社会变迁——以湖南省醴陵县为个案的研究

1949-1957年中国共产党农村基层政权建设的目标,是实现国家权力的下沉。下沉主要是通过运动建政;革命建政;政党建政三种方式进行的。农村政权建设的焦点、难点,是乡村社会的动员、协调与控制问题。支前反霸、镇反土改、互助合作等运动,既使国家权力纵向上达至区、乡、社队层面,横向上扩展到农民的生产、生活领域;又使农村社会结构、社会关系发生了重大的重组、重构。它们的实现,并不是简单的直线演进程式,动员、协调、控制中的国家权力与农村社会,从始至终都存在着矛盾、紧张和冲突。醴陵县的个案研究,就是从这两者的互动轨迹来揭示其复杂面相的。     

Individual and institutional determinants of multidimensional poverty: A European comparison

In this article we evaluate to what extent between-country differences in the probability of being ‘multidimensional’ poor can be explained by a range of ‘domain-specific’ indicators of welfare regime arrangements. To this end, a so-called micro-macro model is estimated, testing the ‘independent’ effect of institutions, as opposed to alternative explanations such as between-country differences in population composition and economic affluence. Although we conclude that institutional arrangements do influence the risk of multidimensional poverty in the expected direction, we also find that bringing the ‘economy’ back into the analyses has a non-trivial impact. Our results point at several avenues for further discussion and research. First, although the more elaborate welfare regimes generally do a better job in preventing poverty, the level of transfers is not always ‘proportional’ to the general standard of living in these countries. Second, we only find partial confirmation for the often cited ‘negative’ impact of labour market flexibility and the related equality-jobs trade-off. While stricter employment regulations do reduce the poverty risk (be it only after controlling for economic affluence), flexibility in terms of the availability of fixed-term labour seems to be preferable to unemployment, even if at the individual level, labour market flexibility increases the likelihood of being poor quite severely.

论马克思哲学“现实个人”理论及其当代审视

现实个人是马克思哲学的理论核心,依据社会形态理论其生成史可以阐发为三种形态：群体形态的个人,独立形态的个人,自由形态的个人,三种形态的历史演绎构成了现实个人发展的内在逻辑。当代中国正处于市场经济条件下,人表现为以物为基础的独立形态的个人,人的物化状态不可避免。物化状态的积极作用在于它是对群体形态个人的扬弃,对自由形态个人的基奠;其消极作用在于人以“物”而非“人”作为价值尺度,物质利益驱动使人对有限资源展开竞争而形成人际矛盾,而这一矛盾是引发社会种种不和谐现象的主要原因。因此,解决人际矛盾、实现入际和谐是构建和谐社会的根本着力点,其实现的根本途径在于民主、法治、道德的实现。     

从现代国家与社会关系看村民自治的未来走向

从国家与社会关系的角度来审视村民自治,村民自治是平衡农村社会与国家关系的有效形式;要实现国家与农村社会的良性互动,就要完善现有的乡政村治格局并使之日趋合理：扩大乡镇民主,软化乡镇权力;完善民主自治机制,提高村民自治能力;培育和发展乡村民间组织,提高农民组织化程度。     

三十年一场国企梦——从《乔厂长上任记》到《那儿》

从《乔厂长上任记》历经《烦恼人生》、《大厂》到《那儿》,完整地表现了一个国有企业从振兴到彻底衰败的轨迹,工业题材的创作也完成了从改革文学、新写实小说、现实主义冲击波到底层文学的演变,这其实也是一部当代思想史。在这一过程中,价值的转移,苦难的演变,都体现了作家们在不同的时代语境中对人的不断思考,因此,底层写作的意义不仅在于作家们对底层苦难的叙述,更在于作家们由此重新获得了批判社会现实的话语权。     

Social Change and Social Policy in Japan

This paper aims to present and discuss social change and social policy in Japan after the mid-20th century from a sociological viewpoint. Japanese social change and social policy from the mid-20th century onward can be categorized into three models in chronological order: escape from mass poverty by means of industrialization, improvement of the social security system to establish a welfare state, and parallel progress of aspiration for a welfare society and workfare. Defined concretely, these are (1) the period that established and improved social security, which started immediately after the end of World War II and ended in 1973, when Japan began to suffer from low growth after enjoying high growth; (2) the period in which finance for social security was adjusted, halfway through which the country experienced a bubble economy; and (3) the period after the 1990s, in which the structural reform of social security went hand-in-hand with labor policy and the advent of globalization. In each of the three periods, the direction of social policy was affected by factors that caused changes in such areas as industrial structure (the decline of agriculture), demographic structure (an aging society), and family structure and work pattern (the growing trend of nuclear families, single-person households, and irregular employment). In Japan, life security now attracts increasing attention, and employment security rather than social security has been the central issue. As it is greatly affected by globalization, employment security grows less conspicuous and makes the vulnerability of social security grow more conspicuous. Social policy has the potential to become an area with which to struggle for national integration and fissures between social groups.     

新形势下增强国有企业竞争力的理性思考

经济全球化对于国有企业改革与发展,是冲击、也是挑战,如何增强国有企业竞争力,促进国有企业改革与发展,是一项长期的艰巨任务,既需要宏观经济环境的支持,需要治理企业外部竞争条件,也必须深化企业内部改革。