俄罗斯远东地区中国移民的发展及现状

苏联解体以后,俄罗斯出现了严重的人口危机,特别是在远东地区.从19世纪中叶起,中国移民为远东地区的经济发展做出了不可磨灭的贡献.然而,即使两国关系正朝着历史最好状态发展的今天,仍然存在着一些悬而未决的问题,比如近几年在俄罗斯出现的 "中国人口威胁论"问题.本文通过简要分析在俄远东中国移民的历史、现状,来寻求解决移民问题的途径,以此促进两国人民的友好往来.     

A focus-group research into the lives of members of four inmigrant groups in Spain

Abstract

A qualitative study with people from four cultural groups living in Spain is presented. Objectives: To analyse the social psychological impact of migration, exploring perceived cultural differences and migration experiences. Design: 8 focus groups with participants from Bulgaria, Morocco, Ecuador and Colombia (n = 49 participants). Results: The most frequent discourses were related to acculturative stress: changes in social life, gender differences, and hierarchical distance. The security motive was an important reason for migrating. Problems regarding one's well-being and experiences of prejudice and discrimination were the most mentioned regarding adaptation to host country. Participants stress lower hierarchical values, more gender equality, less family orientation and collectivism in Spain compared to their country of origin. There are also differences in communication styles and modes. Conclusion: Participants perceive cultural differences between cultures regarding Individualism, Collectivism and Hierarchy, showing a dual relationship with the host culture. Legal barriers are the most important issue hindering individual and collective development.     

Mobility: Discourses from the Non‐western Immigrant Groups in Norway

What happens when roots are replaced by routes? What happens when mobility becomes one of the primary tools for finding a niche in a different land and context? In an attempt to explore these themes, this paper touches upon emergent ideas regarding mobility, and delves into the inter‐connectedness of spatial and social mobility. Mobility signifies more than ‘movement’ and can act as a catalyst for enhancing life conditions. The study examines the debate over social exclusion, freedom, ethics, sustainable mobility and capability approach in the context of non‐western immigrants in Norway, and presents arguments from a social perspective to strengthen the mobility regime of immigrants. The study concludes that mobility provides capabilities to become active participants in the social and economic morphology of a society. It further suggests that societies need to adopt the framework of capability approach while examining issues related to the integration of immigrants into the host society.     

当代美国拉美裔移民贫困问题探析

随着战后经济以及城市化的高速发展,美国吸引了包括拉丁美洲在内的无数国家和地区的移民。截至21世纪初,拉美裔移民已经成为美国战后第一大少数族裔。拉美裔长期以来的城市贫困问题也渐渐成为人们关注的焦点。除了若干主客观因素在很大程度上制约了他们在物质和精神生活方面的提高之外,美国独特的社会、经济结构也对拉美裔移民摆脱贫困和向上流动起到了钳制作用。本文从拉美裔移民的城市贫困现状入手,在理性认识美国独特的社会、经济、教育、政治结构的同时,采用大量研究资料和相关数据,运用历史学、社会学和经济学相关理论和方法对拉美裔移民贫困的内在成因做出解析。     

Healthcare Experiences of Latinos in a Nontraditional Destination Area

The purpose of this study was to describe the health and healthcare experiences of immigrant Latinos compared to USA-born Latinos, Whites, and African Americans in Greater Cincinnati, Ohio, a nontraditional immigrant destination area. Immigrant Latinos had significantly worse physical and mental health than other groups and significantly more barriers to healthcare. Latinos rated the degree to which their town is socially accepting of Latinos. Lower social acceptance was correlated with worse mental health and more barriers to healthcare. Geographic information system (GIS) mapping techniques revealed geographic patterns in the association between social acceptance of Latinos and health outcomes.     

Rituals of migration: an introduction

ABSTRACT

This introduction presents a framework for the articles in the special issue Rituals of Migration. First, it provides an overview of studies of ritual and migration, highlighting the fruitfulness of exploring the two fields together and arguing for the use of ritual as a cultural prism on processes of continuity and change in migration. In light of these analytical approaches, the introduction continues by outlining and discussing the three major themes that crosscut the articles (the interrelations between change and continuity, processes of placemaking and lines of social differentiation), demonstrating how the articles can shed light on these issues.     

论我国农民工子女入学难的国际公约视角

本文从国际公约的视角,认为无迁徙自由权造成了农民工子女入学难;受教育的不公平造成了农民工子女的读书难;性别不平等造成了农民工女童的升学难;不良的生存环境造成了农民工子女的学习难。     

大中型水库农村移民收入影响因素分析——基于隆昌县的实证分析

《国务院关于完善大中型水库移民后期扶持政策的意见》(国发〔2006〕17号)指出,目前水库移民的生产生活条件依然普遍较差,有相当多的移民仍生活在贫困之中。以国务院实施大中型水库后期扶持政策5年为契机,以四川省隆昌县为分析样本,通过入户调查、走访座谈等取得第一手数据,进而构建双对数线性模型。通过计量分析,得出劳动力数量、生产消费支出和教育水平对移民收入的增长存在显著的正向影响;而移民直补资金对移民收入的增长不存在显著影响。     

衡阳地区三峡移民语言适应性问题调查与分析

三峡移民语言适应性问题是重要的社会民生问题。文章从语言接触和语言融合角度,以衡阳地区三峡移民为研究对象,调查研究三峡移民语言适应性问题,对三峡移民的语言使用能力与话语模式、语言态度及其在性别、年龄、职业等变量上的差异性进行分析,对三峡移民当前接纳衡阳话的程度、语言观念的变化、语言生活倾向和今后的语言走势做出可能性预测,以期为三峡移民后期帮扶政策的制定及和谐社会语言的构建提供参考与依据。     

Exploring the Domestic Homes of Sikhs in Finland as a “Cosmos of Senses”

The domestic home plays an important role in the process of socialization. In the context of migration, home becomes even more meaningful as a site for socialization, since it provides—next to the Internet, cultural events and places of religious worship—one of the few sites where young children can learn about their parent’s cultural and religious traditions in their new homelands. Grounded in data gathered through ethnographic fieldwork, this article seeks to gain a deeper understanding of the ways in which the domestic space of home is involved in the process through which young Sikhs who are growing up in Finland are made familiar with their parents’ religion. To reach this objective, I will examine home as a “cosmos of senses” that has been created by its inhabitants and the practices they perform in the course of everyday life. Applying the ethnographic lens in the study of the domestic home of Sikhs will also help us to gain a more profound understanding of Sikhism as a lived religion, as the findings presented in this article show.