Orientalising deafness: race and disability in imperial Britain

This article explores the conflations and connections that postcolonial and disability scholars have drawn between ‘race’, ‘colonialism’ and ‘disability’ from a historical perspective. By looking at the connections drawn between ‘race’ and ‘disability’ in the context of nineteenth-century imperial Britain, I hope to probe beyond them to examine the origins and implications of their interplay. I do so by focusing on ideas about deafness, an impairment radically reconfigured in the colonial period, and inflected with concerns about degeneration, belonging, heredity and difference. Disability, I argue, not only operated as an additional ‘category of difference’ alongside ‘race’ as a way of categorising and subjugating the various ‘others’ of Empire, but intersected with it. The ‘colonisation’ of disabled people in Britain and the ‘racial other’ by the British were not simply simultaneous processes or even analogous ones, but were part and parcel of the same cultural and discursive system. The colonising context of the nineteenth century, a period when British political, economic and cultural expansion over areas of South Asia, Australasia and Africa increased markedly, structured the way in which all forms of difference were recognised and expressed, including the difference of deafness. So too did the shifts in the raced and gendered thinking that accompanied it, as new forms of knowledge were developed to justify, explain and contest Britain's global position and new languages were developed through which to articulate otherness. Such developments reconfigured the meaning of disability. Disability was, in effect, ‘orientalised’. ‘Race’ I argue was formative in shaping what we have come to understand as ‘disability’ and vice versa; they were related fantasies of difference.     

关于西部农民基本法律意识结构的调查分析--以西宁市y村为例

分析西部农民的法律意识结构,对西部社会政治文明的建设具有基础意义。文章通过对西宁y村的典型实证分析,认为西部农民法律信仰的生成理应根植于法律的生活化积淀,因此要逐渐改变农民是法治社会的边缘人的传统,将他们推至法律生活的前台,以培养法治实现所必须的最深厚的民众基础。     

《大唐西域记》与西藏文化

《大唐西域记》与西藏文化有着千丝万缕的联系。不管是在地理位置、宗教传播,还是在与周边国家的关系方面,都是有迹可寻的。从这种联系,我们可以窥见唐初西藏文化的一些蛛丝马迹,同时也可以看出周边文化的多元化对整个西藏文化所产生的影响。     

从"Representation"看人类学"表述危机"

本文通过对于人类学中的一个重要概念“representation”的梳理,探讨了其在人类学不同阶段理论背景下的不同内涵以及在人类学本体论、认识论、方法论方面的意义,透过“representation”反映出人类学理论从现代主义到后现代主义的发展过程中,尤其是后现代主义思潮下人类学“表述危机”的理论论争的根源和问题的实质。     

西部开发中双语人才的实效分析

现代化的中国应是全方位的现代化发展。因此少数民族地区的文化、经济发展成为中国经济腾飞的关键。本文从当代西部少数民族地区的文化发展趋势,分析了双语人才在西部开发中的重要作用。     

纳西族空间观念之色彩表象

空间是抽象的 ,只有对它们进行具体的表象 ,才能将抽象还原成具体。无论在纳西族民俗中 ,还是在其他民族的民俗中 ,色彩常常成为对空间方位进行表象的具体手段之一。由色彩所表象的空间不仅决定着民俗活动的性质 ,也规范着民俗活动的形式与内容。本文从前空间、原空间等方面对纳西族民俗中空间的色彩表象作了介绍和分析     

西部民族地区退耕还林还草的法律保障探讨

自然生态环境是人类赖以生存的基本条件,是经济社会发展的根本基础。自然生态环境的不断恶化,已成为制约西部地区经济社会持续发展的严重问题之一。我国制定“退耕还林还草”战略决策最主要的目的,就是为了给西部地区人民营造一个新的生存和发展空间。实施“退耕还林还草”的战略决策,必须尊重群众意愿,确保林草的成活率;必须遵循自然规律,因地制宜,宜林则林,宜草则草,实行综合治理;必须严格执行国务院关于“退耕还林、封山绿化、以粮代赈、个体承包”的法规措施;必须认真落实保护农民土地经营权的法律规范,树立生态环境可持续发展的法律协调观;必须建立和健全西部地区生态效益补偿机制,充分利用价格杠杆的作用促进西部地区的生态平衡。西部大开发要维护经济发展与生态的良性循环,建设山川秀美的新家园,让西部地区人民群众脱贫致富奔小康。     

西部少数民族地区科技创新的制度结构分析

分析了我国科技创新制度结构的演进和制度结构对西部少数民族地区科技创新的影响,提出了具体的对策措施。     

怛逻斯城与唐代丝绸之路

哈萨克斯坦塔拉兹市地处丝绸之路要冲,古称“怛逻斯”。公元5世纪,粟特人建怛逻斯城,后来成为西突厥领地。唐朝称霸中亚后,在西域所设最远的羁縻州就在怛逻斯城,后为突骑施可汗占据。8世纪,突骑施的兴起,客观上为唐朝在西方建立了一道军事屏障,对遏止阿拉伯帝国东侵至关重要。然而,唐高宗却自毁长城,多次向突骑施汗国发动战争,导致安西四镇不得不直接面对来自黑衣大食的军事威胁。751年的怛逻斯之役,四镇节度使高仙芝兵败大食。对古代中国来说,怛逻斯河简直是一道不可逾越的鸿沟,可谓汉唐王朝国力向西发展的极点。