成都高校民生科技研发中的重点领域选择

我国政府到2020年的中长期科技规划纲要明确要求,在今后的一段时间里将科技工作的重点向民生科技转移。通过对成都市城市发展实际需求和成都高校科技研发状况的关系分析,探讨未来成都市民生科技研发中的重点领域选择,认为,目前成都市高校民生科技发展应该选择生态治理环保科技;城镇建设与节能减排科技;人口健康与公共安全科技等五个方面。     

Political trust,young people and institutions in Europe. A multilevel analysis

The constant decline of political trust has been shown in political sociology. Young people in particular seem to display lower levels of political trust, which is a challenge for the sustainability of democracy. Still, these levels of political trust among youth differ greatly from one country to another. This article therefore seeks to answer the following question: How can we account for cross‐national diversity with regard to young people’s political trust? To answer this question, I performed multilevel analyses based on data from the European Social Survey. I show in the article that cross‐national diversity stems from the institutional arrangements that structure entry into adulthood, i.e., what I call ‘youth welfare citizenship regimes’: The more inclusive is the youth economic citizenship and the more individualised is their social citizenship, the higher is young people’s political trust – which could buffer the decline in political trust.     

Hard to reach and easy to ignore: the drinking careers of young people not in education,employment or training

Young people's drinking in the UK remains a matter of medical, social, media and political concern. The notion of transition and drinking styles in the move from childhood to adulthood and from education to employment has been central to understanding young people's drinking behaviour, but little is known about how the drinking patterns of those not in education or employment, both men and women, develop over time. This paper reports on research which aimed to examine the current drinking habits and drinking careers of young people not in education employment and training who are traditionally described as hard to reach. In‐depth qualitative interviews were undertaken with 23 young people: 15 women and 8 men aged between 14 and 23. The findings are presented with respect to three stages of drinking: starting, continuing or increasing, and decreasing or stopping. The conclusions indicate that for the majority of these young people, alcohol is a significant factor in their lives and that peers, gender, time and place combine to structure both their current alcohol use and drinking career. The paper argues that an understanding of young people's drinking career development and current alcohol use will help target effective social work and multi‐agency intervention.     

日本检察审查会制度改革及其启示

日本的检察审查会制度是为防止检察官滥用不起诉权而建立的。检察审查会制度发挥了制约检察官的公诉权行使、救济被害人的作用。进入21世纪以后，日本司法进一步扩大民众参与的范围，检察审查会制度的改革就是其中一环。在检察审查会中设立审查辅助员，赋予检察审查会决议以法律强制力，这使检察审查会制度更趋合理。     

沂蒙精神与社会主义核心价值体系建设

沂蒙精神是我们党和国家的宝贵精神财富,与社会主义核心价值体系本质同一,内涵一致。弘扬沂蒙精神,对于坚持以马克思主义为指导,树立中国特色社会主义共同理想,培育民族精神和时代精神,牢固树立社会主义荣辱观,都具有十分重要的意义。     

Ageing Populations and Housing Needs: Comparing Strategic Policy Discourses in France and England

Set against a broad European policy agenda which promotes ‘ageing in place’ and representations of older people as active, independent citizens, this article compares recent English and French policy discourses on population ageing and its implications for the housing needs of increasingly large numbers of older citizens. Through analysis of six recent strategic policy statements representing each government's official responses to population ageing and its social policy implications for the 21st century, we demonstrate how differences in the social representation of the ageing process and of older peoples themselves permeate policy discourse, influencing the perceptions of the housing needs of older citizens and the role that housing itself may play in promoting independent living. In England, demographic ageing, housing and its role in facilitating independent living and active ageing are explicitly articulated, whilst in France, the housing environment has until recently, been portrayed as one which must accommodate the illness, incapacity and dependency of later life. Our article offers explanations for these differences in terms of cultural variations in the social representations or ‘constructions’ of later life, divergences in political philosophies and welfare principles.     

社区互助养老与村办敬老院可持续运营——以福建省晋江市萧下村敬老院为例*

社区互助养老是指在社区组织动员下，社区居民本着志愿互助原则以无偿或低偿形式提供场所、资金与劳务，以支持社区养老事业的发展。本文以晋江市萧下村敬老院为个案，介绍社区互助养老机制在村办敬老院的实践情况，有效降低运营成本，实现村办敬老院可持续发展。萧下村敬老院由村老年协会管理，老年协会与宗祠管委会重合，社区资源动员能力强。     

琐事细说亦关情——对当代“老年写作”文本的解读

在我国当代文坛上，出现了“老年写作”现象。《家事》在题材上选择了几乎无事的琐细“家事”，呈现出了大时代的历史风貌；在文学表现上采用了质朴而平实的“白描”与“闲话家常”式的语体，可以说是一次成功的写作。它应该引起当代文学史家，对隐藏在它背后的那个规模不小，数量不少的“老年写作”现象的关注。     

News and Comment

Abstract

L61 Years in the Schoolroom. By Lawrence Hurst. Boston : Meador Publishing Company, 1952. Pp. 255. $2.50. Reviewed by Walter H. Mohr.

Calling All Citizens. By Robert Rienow with the editorial assistance of Howard R. Anderson. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1952. Pp. xxxiii, 690. $3.10. Reviewed by Ira Kreider.

Social Psychology: An Analysis of Human Behavior. By Leonard W. Doob. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1952. Pp. xix, 583. $5.00. Reviewed by Jerry A. Neprash.

Social Psychology. By Robert E. L. Faris. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1952. Pp. vii, 419. $5.00. Reviewed by Jerry A. Neprash.

Race Relations in Ancient Egypt - Greek. Egyptian, Hebrew, Roman. By S. Davis. Philosophical Library, 1952. Pp. xiii, 176. $4.50. Reviewed by J. F. Santee.

Social Treatment in Probation and Delinquency. Second Edition, By Pauline V. Young. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc, 1952. Pp. xxvi, 536. $7.00. Reviewed by Wayne C. Neely.     

《社会契约论》中卢梭的"人民"教诲——《社会契约论》卷一、卷二的解读

从physis和nomos以及theoria和praxis关系出发审视,可以看出,卢梭《社会契约论》卷一和卷二中关于人民的概念是既有联系也有实质性差别的。卷一的人民是普遍的,它是任何政治体都具有的形式一致性。而卷二的人民是未缔结社会契约前的人民——民族,是不同政治体相互划分敌友的依据,是一个共同体区别于另一个共同体的关键。