中国背景下的外语学习者文化适应类型研究

本文通过对文化适应研究的历史回顾,阐明了文化适应与二语/外语学习的关系。在中国背景下外语学习者的文化适应类型应为融合,未来这一领域的研究应该关注中国学生在外语学习中的文化适应发展方向以及认知、情感、个性与文化适应的关系等问题。     

从文化视角探讨蒙古族民族过程的特点

蒙古族民族过程既呈开放性 ,又不失部落制民族的特色 ,这与蒙古帝国把远东和中亚文明统 一在一个王朝中的背景密不可分。本文从文化视角 ,探讨了蒙古族民族过程中的涵化、分化和异向发展等主要特点 ,认为 :蒙古族民族过程中的涵化可以归纳为混合成新民族的融合型、名存实亡的“假晶”型以及几乎无踪可寻的同化型三种 ;而东、西蒙古与漠南、漠北蒙古等族体长期断的分化 ,形成蒙古族重大的文化异向发展。文章剖析了这些特点形成的主要原因及其对理论和现的 启示。     

跨文化传播学中文化适应研究的路径与问题

文化适应研究是当今国外跨文化传播学界最关注的主题之一.它在心理学、传播学和人类学等不同层面展开,形成了引人瞩目的理论景观.另一方面,由于不同学科关注的重点不一,研究和分析的方法各异,文化适应理论体系呈现出纷繁复杂的景象.本文试图通过分析、反思不同层面文化适应研究的理路,探求不同学科间文化适应研究的联系与分歧.本文认为惟有广阔的视野、多样化的研究方法和丰富的知识体系,才能使跨文化传播领域的文化适应研究更有生命力.     

教育人类学视阙下的少数民族大学生文化适应——以成都某高校彝族学生为例

对成都某高校彝族在校大学生的文化适应状况所进行的调查显示,高校应该在教育管理过程中引导彝族学生应对文化适应障碍提出可操作性的策略,从而使少数民族学生群体解决文化适应问题,提高学业成就,成为民族文化的有力传播者和民族区域发展的合格建设者。     

Minority students’ psychological adjustment in the school context: an integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation

The present study aims at systematically analyzing the findings reported in qualitative research on acculturation and psychological adjustment in the school context. Content analysis was conducted using the deductively developed and inductively enriched system of categories. The results of the study provide insights into youths’ acculturation and their psychological adjustment in the school context as well as schools’ mechanisms and strategies for responding to minority youths’ needs in the process of the cultural transition.     

Career Decision Making for Korean International College Students: Acculturation and Networking

The authors examined the relationship among acculturation, career networking, and career decision self‐efficacy for Korean international college students. Networking is an essential skill for career success, and acculturation is connected to career outcomes for diverse populations; however, little research has examined the relationship between these factors. A total of 172 Korean international students (117 women, 54 men, 1 not reported) completed measures of acculturation; networking comfort, intensity, and proactivity; and career decision self‐efficacy. Using structural equation modeling, the authors found acculturation to affect career decision self‐efficacy through networking. The relationships among acculturation, networking, and career decision self‐efficacy indicated a medium to large effect size. These findings indicate that career counselors should collaboratively attend to acculturation concerns, such as stress and identity development, as well as provide opportunities for networking skill development. More research is needed on acculturation and networking among additional international student populations.     

Culture and personality in international schools: are trait differences in students’ personalities attenuated or amplified?

International schools provide a unique context for examining the influence of culture on adolescent personality and identity. In order to investigate whether intercultural education attenuates or amplifies known cultural differences in personality, the traits of 81 students from Chinese, North American, and mixed Chinese-North American cultural backgrounds were assessed. An online version of a Five Factor Model (FFM) personality inventory was used to measure personality. Students participating in the study attended a large, American international high school in Hong Kong. Despite previous studies showing cultural differences in personality, MANOVA results yielded no significant differences between the personality traits of students from Chinese, North American or mixed Chinese-North American cultural backgrounds. The findings support theories that propose intercultural schooling is associated with acculturation. Paradoxically, numerous qualitative investigations of cultural identity have concluded that a more distinctive, amplified cultural identity emerges when individuals move to more multicultural environments. The paper considers these different findings and the role of personality in culturally diverse classrooms. Implications for intercultural education are discussed.     

文化适应模式理论及外语教学

由Schumann创建于20世纪70年代的文化适应模式理论从社会环境因素和学习者个人因素的视角对第二语言习得的动力机制及学习者语言的洋泾浜现象作出了独到的解释,为学习者深入了解第二语言习得规律,创造有利的内外部环境提供了理论依据.本文着重阐述了文化适应模式理论的基本内容,分析了其适用的基础,指出文化适应模式理论同样可用于分析我国的外语教学.     

Parenting,family functioning and lifestyle in a new culture: the case of African migrants in Melbourne,Victoria, Australia

This study documented the parenting styles among African migrants now living in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and assessed how intergenerational issues related to parenting in a new culture impact on family functioning and the modification of lifestyles. A total of 10 focus group discussions (five with parents and five with 13–17‐year‐old children; N = 85 participants) of 1.5–2 hours duration were conducted with Sudanese, Somali and Ethiopian migrant families. The analysis identified three discrete themes: (i) parenting‐related issues; (ii) family functioning and family relations; and (iii) lifestyle changes and health. African migrant parents were restrictive in their parenting; controlled children's behaviours and social development through strict boundary‐setting and close monitoring of interests, activities, and friends; and adopted a hierarchical approach to decision‐making while discouraging autonomy among their offspring. Programmes seeking to improve the health and welfare of African migrants in their host countries need to accommodate the cultural and social dimensions that shape their lives. Such programmes may need to be so broad as to apply an acculturation lens to planning, and to assist young people, parents and families in addressing intergenerational issues related to raising children and growing up in a different social and cultural milieu.     

兼并企业文化整合:模式与关键环节研究

企业兼并要将价值观、经营理念和经营策略不尽相同甚至完全不同的两个企业完全融为一个整体 ,要取得良好的协同效应 ,必须依靠企业文化的整合。但是目前我国企业文化整合并不令人满意 ,这在一定程度上影响了企业兼并的绩效。本文根据实际调查情况 ,分析目前我国企业兼并中存在的文化整合模式单一、整合与兼并计划脱节、整合行为拖沓等问题 ,从文化整合模式选择和关键环节上的企业行为两方面着手 ,提出了解决上述问题的思路