The Influence of Cultural Adaptation on Hispanic-Americans and Japanese-Americans

The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of cultureon the values of Japanese-Americans and Hispanic-Americans. TheJapanese-American sample and Hispanic-American sample are firstlooked at individually to determine which values are more alignedwith the modern culture (American), and which values are morealigned with the traditional culture (Japanese or Hispanic). These two samples are then compared with each other to determinewhich nationality adapts more easily to the new culturalenvironment. Based on these analyses, a predictionregarding the susceptibility of certain values to culturaladaptation is attempted. Finally, the limitations of the presentstudy and the directions for future research are discussed andexplored.     

A curious trajectory of interrace relations: the transformation of cosmopolitan Malay port polities into the multiethnic divisions of modern Malaysia

This article aims to examine several interrelated issues pertaining to the historical development of pluralism in areas forming today´s Malaysia. Firstly, it intends to analyze the transformation of the formerly cosmopolitan populations of Malay port polities into the highly ‘racialized’ society of modern Malaysia. It also seeks to clarify the roots of ethnicity-based issues and relations in the country. Lastly, it attempts to challenge the very concept of Malaysia as a society primarily consisting of three ethnic pillars, dominated by the Malays, and ‘complemented’ by the Chinese and the Indians. I argue that the main driving force behind these tensions is the segregational colonial policies and the postcolonial arrangements of the Malay ethnocentrist governments, rather than ethnic and cultural factors as the ruling politicians tend to stress. I also contend that religious issues, especially those stemming from the dakwah movement, are gradually becoming an increasingly important factor in interrace strife.     

宗教文化类型——中国民族学·人类学理论新探

本文旨在推出一种源于笔者民族学.人类学理论研究、调研实践和学理探索的理论模式-宗教文化类型。笔者概要梳理了改革开放以来中国民族学.人类学理论建构的整体情况,介绍本人理论创新的出发点和探索过程,阐明了宗教文化类型的定义、特点和作用,并结合对人类学文化研究理论轨迹的整理和评述,论证了这一新理论模式之所以成立的认识论和实践基础。笔者认为,宗教文化类型是对当代中国民族学.人类学诸多理论的继承和补充。利用这个理论模式,我们可以有效的进行中国各民族宗教文化的动态研究。其理论意义在于能为宗教文化动态的宏观把握提供有效视角,而其应用价值则体现于能为局部地区宗教民族志的微观研究寻找合理的方法论依据。     

Connecting Complex Processes: A Decade of Research on Immigrant Families

This review examines research on immigrant families in the United States from the past decade from multiple disciplinary perspectives. This work has used variations on assimilation and acculturation perspectives. In the case of the assimilation perspectives, the focus has largely been on family formation, whereas research using acculturation perspectives has focused more on intrafamily relationships. But, over the course of the decade, an interesting integrative model has emerged to address interactions of attitudes and values with structural conditions in the receiving and sending communities. Some of this effort to integrate perspectives can be found in studies of transnational families. The review concludes with some suggestions for continuing this integration and expanding studies to include dynamics of migration and family processes simultaneously.     

族群认同与族群性研究——兼论对中国民族问题研究的意义

自20世纪80年代以来,在全球范围内爆发的武装冲突,大多是由族群问题或宗教问题所引发.在全球化趋势的影响下,近年来地方民族主义思潮出现一些新的态势,族群认同和族际关系研究也就必然成为国际学术界关注的焦点问题.本文主要针对我国多民族国家的现实,以族群性研究为切入点,分析西方学术界的族群性研究及其本质,反思对中国民族问题研究的现实意义.     

Missionary Kid Career Development: A Consensual Qualitative Research Investigation Through a Social Cognitive Lens

Repatriated, young adult children of international missionaries (missionary kids [MKs]) face unique challenges in education and career development. The authors conducted a consensual qualitative research investigation, grounded in social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986 ), as it informs social cognitive career theory, of career planning and decision making with 11 repatriated MKs. Participants ranged in age from 19 to 23 years (58% female, 67% Caucasian) and had repatriated to the United States between the ages of 14 and 19 years, spending between 4 and 19 years abroad. The authors' interpretation of the study findings led to a context‐specific revision of Bandura's ( 1986 ) Triadic Reciprocality Model. That is, regarding career development, faith intersects environmental variables, personal attributes, and overt behaviors in unexpected and multidimensional ways. Recommendations for researchers and practitioners include (a) attending to issues of sociocultural adaptation, (b) continuing to offer empirically supported (standard) career services to MKs, (c) using contextual and developmental approaches, and (d) inquiring about faith and calling.     

Acculturation and Korean-American Children's Social and Play Behavior

This study examined how acculturation styles are related to Korean immigrant mothers' parenting and play attitudes and their young children's social and play behavior. 108 Korean-American and 52 European-American mothers completed the Parents as Teacher Inventory and a play questionnaire. Observers recorded children's social and play behavior during free play activities in their preschool, and teachers rated their social behavior. Korean-American mothers completed an acculturation measure. Results showed Korean-American mothers who had an 'assimilated' acculturation style, were more accepting and encouraging of children's creativity and play, and reported more parent-child play in the home than mothers with an integrated, marginal, or separated acculturation styles. Children of assimilated and integrated mothers engaged in more frequent pretend play and were rated by their teachers as being more difficult. The results suggest there are distinct cultures of family life and childhood that manifest themselves as Korean immigrant families individually adapt to life in the U.S. The findings support the importance of examining cultural differences that exist between people whose ancestry can be traced to the same nationality.     

多维文化适应模型与国外族群关系研究

文化适应多维模型包括非主流族群成员与主流族拜成员的文化适应取向.多维文化适应模型的意义不仅在于可以时文化适应过程进行更加全面的分析研究,还在于通过考察主流族群和非主流族群的文化适应取向的一致和冲突,可以更好地理解和预测族群关系.     

少数民族文化适应、职业社会认知与就业压力——少数民族职业问题研究路径

少数民族职业问题是关系各民族的共同团结奋斗和共同繁荣发展的重要课题。整合少数民族文化适应、职业社会认知和就业压力三个问题,探索之间的关系模型,有助于深入研究少数民族职业中的文化心理问题,促进少数民族职业教育工作的顺利开展。     

外语教学中跨文化非语言交际的移入

本文着重论述了非语言交际行为在交际中的作用及其与语言行为之间的关系 ,和如何在外语教学中实施跨文化非语言交际的移入问题。该文章对文化与语言关系的研究、探讨具有积极的指导意义。