Does identity matter for adaptation? The influence of acculturation identity on the well-being and delinquency of adolescent students in Europe

ABSTRACT

This study examines the implications of identity for the adaptation of immigrant children in the European context. Using the migrant sample from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries (CILS4EU), this study examines how identity is related to the outcomes of well-being and delinquency of high school students. Results from multilevel models lend partial support to the theorized role of acculturation identity. Integrated students had higher well-being compared with assimilated students, challenging the notion that sole national affiliation is the most advantageous strategy for adaptation and thereby supporting a selective acculturation perspective. In addition, separate analyses of European and non-European immigrant students produced divergent results. While the ethnic identity of students with non-European backgrounds was negatively associated with delinquent behavior, separated students of European background reported higher delinquency compared with their assimilated counterparts, suggesting that acculturated identity works in different ways between immigrant groups and that the protective effect of ethnic identity against delinquency is only present for migrants students of non-European backgrounds.     

对外语教学中引入文化教学的理论思考

外语教学的最终目的是培养高素质的具有跨文化交际能力的外语人才,这已经成为我国外语教学界的一种共识。但共识的形成并不意味着问题的解决,在涉及如何培养学生跨文化交际能力的问题上,许多人仍然寄希望于教学方法的改进,而没有把着眼点放在更新教学内容上。作者看到了外语教学中引入文化教学的必要性和重要性,从外语教学中文化教学的内涵、文化教学在外语教学中的作用以及语言教学与文化教学的各自定位及其相互关系三方面对外语教学中引入文化教学进行了有一定深度的理论思考。     

Acculturation and Psychological Functioning in Asian Indian Adolescents

The objective of this exploratory study was to understand how Asian Indian immigrant families adjust to U.S. culture by examining factors that influence acculturation preferences or styles and how these styles may be associated with their children's psychological functioning, as measured by self‐esteem and academic performance. 85 U.S.‐born Asian Indian adolescents (45 girls; 40 boys) and one of their immigrant parents completed questionnaires about family demography, self‐identification, acculturation, and religiosity. Adolescents also completed a self‐perception profile. Results showed parents and adolescents had similar styles of acculturation. However, adolescents were more likely to self‐identify as ‘Indian‐American’ than were their parents. For both adolescents and their parents, integrated and assimilated acculturation styles were related to family SES, years of U.S. residence, and religiosity scores. Adolescents who had an integrated acculturation style had higher GPAs and higher scores on the self‐perception profile than did adolescents who were separated or marginalized. The findings lend tentative support for an integrated style of acculturation in promoting positive outcomes for first generation Asian Indian adolescents.     

《华女阿五》的文化认同策略解读

本文拟通过解读黄玉雪在《华女阿五》中对“模范少数民族”和文化主动认同策略的演绎,表明后殖民时代美国少数族裔为赢得生存发展空间主动融入主流社会的尝试和努力。     

Coming of age in Spain: the self-identification, beliefs and self-esteem of the second generation

We review the literature on determinants of ethnic/national self-identities and self-esteem as a prelude to examining these outcomes among a large, statistically representative sample of second generation adolescents in Madrid and Barcelona. While these psycho-social outcomes are malleable, they still represent important dimensions of immigrant adaptation and can have significant consequences both for individual mobility and collective mobilizations. Current theories are largely based on data from the USA and other Anglophone countries. The availability of a new large Spanish survey allows us to test those theories in an entirely different socio-cultural context. The analysis concludes with a structural equations model that summarizes key determinants of national identities and self-esteem among children of immigrants in Spain. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

旅游中的涵化:一种理论概观

涵化是文化变迁理论中的重要概念,在社会生活的诸多领域都存在着由涵化而引发的文化变迁.旅游中的涵化问题,是当下学界的一个研究热点.从旅游中的东道主、游客、旅游地等视点对涵化理论予以观照.     

传统的断裂、复兴与家族史的传承

甘、青地区在历史上就是多民族不断迁徙、分离、汇聚、融合的民族走廊,当地世居民族和频繁流徙的各族体间呈现出不断接触、融合的态势。本文以青海土族家族谱、口述史文本为个案,通过对甘、青地区的河湟谷地、河西走廊交接的多民族或族群混杂汇聚地域的历史人类学考察,深入分析这一区域多民族族际交往与民族融合的历史。     

跨文化心理学视域下的华裔美国人文化身份建构——以美国华裔小说人物为例

文化适应心理学主要研究个体从一种文化背景进入一种新的文化背景时产生的心理适应问题。本文运用文化适应心理学理论分析了美国华裔小说中四位主人公的文化适应过程,从而建构起适应多元文化的文化身份,帮助华裔美国人在文化冲突中控制自己的行为并保持良好的心理状态,促进多种文化交流,使美国华裔文学超越时代、民族的界限,使文学发展进入全球化时代。     

Acculturation Level and Internalized Homophobia of Asian American Lesbian and Bisexual Women

ABSTRACT

This is an exploratory study of the acculturation level and internalized homophobia of Asian American lesbian and bisexual women. Participants were 27 Asian American women self-disclosed as lesbian or bisexual. They completed a demographic sheet, the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (SL-ASIA; Suinn et al., 1987), and the Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale (LIHS; Szymanski & Chung, 2001). Results suggest that Asian-identified persons have lower levels of internalized homophobia than Western-identified persons. There were no significant differences in levels of internalized homophobia between bicultural persons and Asian or Western-identified persons. Counseling and psychological implications, future research directions, and limitations of the study are presented.     

城市社区民族文化涵化的类型分析

本文主要探讨了当前民族地区城市社区文化涵化的四种主要类型:全涵化和半涵化、顺涵化和逆涵化、群体涵化和个体涵化、接受、适应与拒绝等。我们认为,在城市化的冲击下,民族社区有形的边界会被逐渐打破,然而,由于社区各族居民独特民族文化自我维持的功能,在短期内还会发挥作用,所以在当前民族社区的各民族的传统文化仍然将保持自身的特色,并努力维持社区各族居民的向心力和凝聚力。