宪政与革命--试析辛亥革命前后湖北咨议局的政治趋向

湖北咨议局是致力于君主立宪政治的一个省级议会预备机构,然而满清王朝只把立宪作为巩固皇权的手段,不允其影响专制皇权,尚处于传统生活中的民众也不可能构成立宪政治的支持力量,因此湖北咨议局领导的宪政请愿和铁路风潮,既备受清廷压制,又遭受民众冷落,由此被迫转向革命,在武昌首义中推波助澜,将革命推向高潮.这昭示了立宪政体在中国没有相应的社会基础,而湖北咨议局立场的转变固然对于巩固首义成果和发展全国革命运动起到了重要作用,但实在是无奈中的奋争.     

《马氏文通》中关于介词"之"用法分析的缺陷

<马氏文通>是我国语法学史上第一部系统性的语法著作.它系统全面地论述了古汉语语法,具有一个完整的语法理论体系,但其中的矛盾之处也很多.如对介词"之"用法的分析存在缺陷:第一,它的分类标准不统一,类别的归属不够恰当,介词"之"的同一类用法出现在不同的类属中.第二,由于对语法结构的认识不成熟,导致举例不当.     

我国核电技术创新中的政企协调度实证分析

为探究我国核电技术创新中政府和企业的协调情况,文章基于协同学理论和复杂系统理论,从核电技术创新的特点出发,将核电技术创新系统解构为政府子系统和企业子系统,采用2007年—2017年相关数据,运用协调度测度模型对政府子系统有序度、企业子系统有序度和政企协调度进行测度和分析。研究结果显示:我国核电技术创新中政企协调度随时间呈现“N”型变化趋势,且协调度均值较低;政府子系统有序度和企业子系统有序度表现为“双螺旋”协调演进;制约政府子系统有序度和企业子系统有序度提升的关键因素分别为税收优惠力度和企业R&D强度。     

班禅系统与中央政府关系发展分期及特点

17世纪中期,班禅系统与中央政府开始建立联系。之后的三个多世纪以来,二者的关系尽管一度出现挫折,并呈现出一定的功利性,但合作和发展一直是主流。同时,在长期的交往中,二者关系发展呈现出许多独自的特点。考察班禅系统与中央政府之间的关系,对于认识中央政府与西藏地方关系具有重要的意义。     

政务大厅服务效能影响因素实证分析

政务大厅在积极开展创新实践的同时,也存在区域发展不平衡、部门协调难、窗口忙闲不均等诸多问题。量化政务大厅的服务效能,有效识别影响服务效能的关键因素,对于更快更好发挥大厅在"放管服"改革中的作用具有重要的现实意义。文献回顾与理论推演相结合提炼出大厅服务效能评价指标以及效能影响因素指标,基于普查数据量化指标,采用主成分分析法评价服务效能,构建回归模型,同时考虑大厅发展的区域性差异,分别从总体和分区域进行实证分析。研究结果表明,服务模式、生产要素、服务内容均会对大厅服务效能产生影响,且各区域大厅的具体影响因素和因素的影响程度均存在较大差异。基于此,应因地制宜开展大厅服务模式创新;推动大厅建设标准制定;落实审批事项全面进驻大厅,丰富大厅服务种类,优化服务结构。     

产业共性技术扩散中政府作用最优力度分析——基于变换的Bass模型

基于一定理论假设将Bass模型中技术扩散的内部影响因素和外部影响因素分别与市场作用和政府作用对应起来,并着眼于政府作用对市场作用的“挤出”效应建立起政府作用与市场作用之间的函数关系,以此来对Bass模型进行变换,使其能刻画政府作用对产业共性技术扩散速度和时间路径的影响。基于变换的Bass模型,以最大化技术扩散速度为目标构建最优化问题以求得政府作用最优力度,由最优化问题可知政府作用对市场作用的“挤出”效应越大,最优政府作用力度就应该越小。还基于相关数据进行了数值模拟分析,并且验证了模型的有效性。研究认为:由于存在政府干预对市场作用的“挤出”效应,在促进产业共性技术扩散中需要把握最优的干预力度即政府作用最优力度,在量化政府作用和市场作用的基础上,求解出来的政府作用最优力度系数可为政府有效和适当干预技术扩散提供理论上的一个尺量。     

A New Goodness-of-Fit Test Based on the Empirical Characteristic Function

In this article, we present a goodness-of-fit test for a distribution based on some comparisons between the empirical characteristic function c_n(t) and the characteristic function of a random variable under the simple null hypothesis, c₀(t). We do this by introducing a suitable distance measure. Empirical critical values for the new test statistic for testing normality are computed. In addition, the new test is compared via simulation to other omnibus tests for normality and it is shown that this new test is more powerful than others.     

Normal approximation in an urn model with indistinguishable balls

For the Bose-Einstein Statistics, where n indistinguishable balls are distributed in m urns such that all the arrangements are equally likely, define the random variables

M_k = number of urns containing exactly k balls each;

N_k = number of urns containing at least k balls each.

We consider the approximation of the distributions of M_k and N_k by suitable normal distributions, for large but finite m. Estimates are found for the error in the approximation to both the probability mass function and the distribution function in each case. These results apply also to the alternative model where no urn is allowed to be empty. The results are illustrated by some numerical examples.     

Model-based confidence bands for survival functions

This paper focuses on a novel method of developing one-sample confidence bands for survival functions from right censored data. The approach is model-based, relying on a parametric model for the conditional expectation of the censoring indicator given the observed minimum, and derives its strength from easy access to a good-fitting model among a plethora of choices available for binary response data. The substantive methodological contribution is in exploiting a semiparametric estimator of the survival function to produce improved simultaneous confidence bands. To obtain critical values for computing the confidence bands, a two-stage bootstrap approach that combines the classical bootstrap with the more recent model-based regeneration of censoring indicators is proposed and a justification of its asymptotic validity is also provided. Several different confidence bands are studied using the proposed approach. Numerical studies, including robustness of the proposed bands to misspecification, are carried out to check efficacy. The method is illustrated using two lung cancer data sets.     

Parameter measures of skewness

Several different measures of skewness are commonly used in place of γ₁, the third central moment divided by the cube of the standard deviation. The numerical values of these measures are compared in this paper for members of the gamma, lognormal or Weibull family of distributions and shown to vary considerably in most cases even when skewness and kurtosis are moderate.