Beyond the dilemmas of multiculturalism: recognition through ‘relational reason’

Recent sociological research has shown that the ideology of multiculturalism, after having been adopted as official policy in many countries, has generated more negative than positive effects (fragmentation of society, separation of minorities, cultural relativism). This article discusses the possible alternatives to multiculturalism, asking whether the path of interculturality can be a solution or not. The idea of interculturality has the advantage of stressing the inter, namely what lies in between different cultures. But it does not yet possess a conceptual and effective means to understand and handle the problems of the public sphere. To go over the failures of multiculturalism and the fragilities of interculturality, a lay approach to the coexistence of cultures is required, which is able to give strength back to Reason, through a new semantics of inter-human diversity. The author suggests the development of ‘relational reason’, beyond the forms of rationality already known. To make human reason relational might be the best way to imagine a social order which is able to humanize the globalizing processes and the increasing migrations.     

判例·判例法·民法法系

判例和判例法是两种不同的概念,却又紧密联系。在民法法系国家,判例并没有约束力,但在实践中,它具有说服力。我国应当在考察基本国情的基础上,通过对民法法系国家日益重视判例制度的借鉴,加强判例的作用。当然适用判例法制度的种种条件尚不完备,还需要进一步研究和探索。     

South Africa's 'Rainbow People', National Pride and Happiness

Since the first free elections were held in April 1994, South Africans are popularly known as the 'rainbow people'. The paper inquires whether South Africans who experienced pride in their nation in the first years of democracy also perceived a greater sense of subjective well-being. It is proposed that national pride in post-apartheid South Africa might be fused with or work through self-esteem to lift levels of happiness. The paper traces the history of the new integrating civil religion of the rainbow people and the acceptance of the rainbow as a political symbol of unity among the diverse people of South Africa immediately after the 1994 elections and two years later. The proposed link between national pride and happiness was explored with data from two independent national surveys, the 1995 South African World Values Survey conducted by Markinor and a June 1996 MarkData syndicated omnibus survey. The study found that the appeal of the rainbow as political symbol was inclusive of all groups in society and that feelings of national pride and support for the rainbow ideal were positively associated with subjective well-being. As indicated by intensity and frequency measures, the majority of South Africans were proud of their country and could name a national achievement that inspired pride. Better-off South Africans tended to be happier and more satisfied with life but less proud, while the poor were less happy but fiercely proud of their country. Results suggest that belief in South Africa's 'rainbow nation' ideal may have assisted in boosting happiness during the transition to a stable democracy, thereby preventing alienation among the losers under the new political dispensation. Supporters of the ideal of the rainbow nation were more optimistic than others about the future of their country.     

全球公民社会的作用及其变革

全球化引发的全球治理真空,需要全球公民社会发挥作用。而全球化密切交往中全球意识的扩展和社会资本的兴起,也为全球公民社会的产生提供了条件。全球公民社会在参与全球治理、扶持弱势群体、抑制全球强权、弥补“民主赤字”等方面扮演着积极的角色。由于力量的相对弱小和参与机制的不健全,全球公民社会的作用还受到局限。全球公民社会需要解决好自身的独立性、合法性、平衡性等一些重大问题,以谋求更大的发展。     

我国公务员行为道德规范体系的分析与构想

构成公务员行为规范道德基础的是应用伦理学,公务员行为规范的伦理价值目标是服务人民、忠于国家和宪法、诚实守信。公务员行为道德规范的制度建设应该包括:公务员财产申报制;公务交往规范及接受馈赠的限制;设立行政道德委员会,以保证公务员伦理规范的实施。     

关于网络虚拟财产的民法思考

近年来,有关网络虚拟财产的民事纠纷不断发生,但是我国的相关立法尚不健全。分析了网络虚拟财产的法律属性,认为网络虚拟财产同时具备物权和债权的属性,并呼吁我国网络虚拟财产急需立法保护。     

国家、市民社会与公民权利——兼评我国近年来的市民社会话语

我国的市民社会话语一开始就是一种规范性话语,具有明显的意识形态化倾向.事实上,正如黑格尔、马克思早就分析指出的那样,市民社会既有解放性,又有它的欠缺性、压迫性,就如同国家既有压迫性又有保护性一样.从维护保障公民权利的角度出关键是如何防止市民社会的压迫性和国家的压迫性的重叠,进而以市民社会和国家的解放性、保护性来克服、遏止它们的压迫性.     

基于CDIO模式的土木工程施工课程QTIA教学方法研究

文章将CDIO国际化教学理念的基本理论应用到土木工程施工课程的教学过程中。在CDIO理论的基础上,确定了土木工程施工课程的教学目标,并提出了QTIA教学方法;针对典型案例,阐述了这种教学方法的操作步骤及教学过程中应注意的问题;对比分析了QTIA教学方法与CDIO模式的高度契合性;通过问卷方式对在校生和毕业生进行了调查,结果表明这种教学方法较好地达到了预期的教学目标要求。     

《观察》对于国共东北争夺战的军事报道(1946-1948)

媒体的主要功能就是反映它所处的时代。通过对媒体的解读,我们不但可以研究媒体本身,而且还可以研究当时的社会历史。存在于战后1946-1948年的《观察》,记录了战后中国的种种面相,成为我们建构战后中国历史图像的史料。《观察》对于战后中国的重大事件都给予了极大的关注,这反映了当时社会舆论的倾向。国共内战是战后中国的主题,双方的争夺始于东北,《观察》对此给予格外的关注。其中既有对战争进程的实况解说,又有对战争发展趋势的预测,同时还有对双方得失的分析。《观察》所做的"观察"大都符合真实的事实,其分析与预测从整体来看也都准确。它与国共两党各自所属的媒体因为党派政治需要而进行的宣传所不同,这也是其难能可贵之处。这种报道的价值就在于它的超党派性,就在于它可以和国共双方所提供的资料相互印证,从而为我们建构当时的历史图像,还原历史本来面貌提供了巨大的帮助。     

论我国未来民法典对法律行为内涵的继受

私法自治是民法的基本精神,而其实现工具则是法律行为。大陆法系传统民法理论认为,法律行为是一种以意思表示为要素、旨在发生莱种私法效果的法律事实,其本身不包含是否合法的判断。《民法通则》对其内涵进行了改造：将法律行为定性为合法行为,并在“法律行为”之前冠以“民事”二字。《民法通则》对法律行为内涵如此改造的原因有二：一是对法律行为内涵的误读,二是对该法颁布前法律行为这一概念频遭滥用现象的妥协。这种改造一方面导致法律交往的困难,另一方面造成了法律行为属性的混乱。但无须回归传统,只需参照《合同法》的规定对民事行为的外延进行统合就可以达到目的。