论批判性聆听

批判性思维的基础技能包括批判性聆听、批判性言说、批判性阅读、批判性写作和批判性推理。聆听是最先发展起来的基础能力。不过,聆听因目的不同而有不同类别,批判性聆听是聆听的高水平阶段,其本质是抱着怀疑态度,分析、评价和判断信息。批判性聆听技能包含丰富的要素,这种技能不可能通过随机学习而获得,需要通过渗透在从小学开始的学科内容教学中的批判性思维教育和自觉的实践来养成。     

营建“在工作中研究”校园氛围的非典型性探讨

问题、反思、求真是“渗透教师研究意识、提升教师研究能力”时易被忽视的三个关键性因素。教师研究意识的保持和强化、研究能力的修炼与提升,还受制于简约的管理方式和工作流程、宁静的研究氛围等外部因素与博学的积淀、思辨的能力等内部因素。     

跨学科批判性思维与信息素养教育整合研究

目前我国高校的批判性思维课程与信息素养课程几乎都是单独开设的选修课程。由于缺乏具体的学科教学情境,这类课程难以激发学生的学习积极性,教学效果普遍较差;学生也经常抱怨它们与后续课程学习缺乏关联,选修只是浪费时间。本文以“复杂性科学与哲学”课程改革经验为基础,探讨跨学科批判性思维与信息素养整合的必要性和有效整合的途径。研究发现：跨学科整合课程能够激发学生的主动学习欲望和独立探究意识,也能够最有效地实现批判性思维和信息素养教育目标;教师与图书馆员的合作教学为学生提供了充分的学术能力训练机会,并帮助他们学会自主学习和终身学习;在整合课程的教学实践中,图书馆员能起到直接且积极的作用,并实现从单纯提供信息的服务者向学术指导与信息服务并重的教育者转变。     

Fear and Urban Planning in Ordinary Cities: From Theory to Practice

The paper complements Abu-Orf's theory about violent settings by setting out a theory of fear in urban planning in ordinary urban contexts around three arguments: spatialization of fear; (modernist) spatialities and the encounter and political economies of urban fear. The three theoretical arguments are used to re-frame the planning history of Chelas, an affordable housing district in Lisbon, Portugal, and debate the way fear shapes, and is shaped in turn by, planning practice. Confirming that (growing) fear in ordinary urban contexts is not just an effect of the contemporary organization of cities, the paper argues for a theorization of fear that combines global (hegemonic) and a local (discursive/contingent) perspectives in the theorization of urban fear, and advocates for the need to put fear, and its capacity to create a crisis in urban policy, at the heart of planners' agendas.     

Teaching social research methods after the critical turn: challenges and benefits of a constructivist pedagogy

An increasing challenge for teaching methods courses in the social sciences is the ‘critical turn’, which has encouraged some students to adopt an anti-empirical orientation. We present a case study of a compulsory undergraduate methods course in a political science department strongly influenced by post-structuralist philosophies. The first author redesigned the course to implement four constructivist pedagogical principles: (1) develop a full understanding of students’ pre-existing perceptions of political science research methods; (2) encourage students to see methodology as an inevitably contested field; (3) provide space for students to choose a methodological approach that best aligns with their personal stance on knowledge; and (4) encourage students to view research as an ongoing ‘conversation’. We critically reflect on the implementation of these constructivist pedagogical strategies and argue they improve students’ critical engagement with course material, increase linkages between methods teaching and other disciplinary subject matter, and accommodate diverse student perspectives and needs.     

加强和改进教育学公共课实践性教学环节的探讨

作者根据多年的教学经验和对在校师范生、中小学青年教师的调查，认为加强和改进实践性教学环节是当前教育学公共课改革的一个关键问题。文章分析了实践性教学环节的涵义、特点、方式、功能等理论问题，概括了师范生对教育学公共课实践性教学环节的几个具体问题的评价，并提出了拟深入研究的若干重要问题     

西方哲学发展中的三大转向

哲学研究的对象由三个不同的侧面构成,即外部世界、自我、自我和外部世界之间与自我和他人之间的媒介物。从这一见解出发来看西方哲学史,之中存在着三个大的转向。第一个大转向是从独断论哲学到批判哲学;第二个大转向是从批判哲学到生存论哲学;第三个大转向是从生存论哲学到当代语言哲学。     

批判的哲学与哲学的批判

社会生活在本质上是实践的 ,实践的创造性质必然地、内在地包含着对旧事物、旧秩序的否定与批判。哲学作为时代精神的体现 ,必须走出纯粹思辨的误区 ,寻找与社会的合力以及自身生存、发展的契机 ,在自我发展中提供解决社会矛盾、规范社会行为、促进社会发展的方法论原则。     

关键审计事项披露对企业创新投入的影响

以2016—2019年2826家A股上市公司为样本,研究了关键审计事项披露对企业创新投入的影响。结果发现,关键审计事项披露对企业创新投入具有显著的正向影响。进一步研究发现,董事会效率在关键审计事项披露与企业创新投入之间具有部分中介作用;监事会规模对关键审计事项与企业创新投入二者关系具有负向调节作用;在不同供应链集中度的企业中,关键审计事项披露对企业创新投入的影响具有异质性。据此,建议企业管理层积极分析关键审计事项,帮助利益相关者全面准确了解关键审计事项的相关内容;企业董事会及监事会充分把握与注册会计师沟通的机会,提高企业创新投入的决策能力及监督能力。     

Disability and climate change: A critical realist model of climate justice

Existing literature on climate change as an issue of environmental justice documents the heightened vulnerability of people with disabilities to the effects of climate change. Additionally, there are numerous studies showing that access to information is a prerequisite for perceiving risk and taking action. Building on this work, our review seeks to understand how physical disability relates to perceptions of climate-related risk and adaptations to climate-related events. We introduce a critical realist model of climate justice to understand the relationships between the environmental features that disable, risk perception and information seeking, and adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change. In understanding the vulnerability and adaptive capacity of people with disabilities to climate change, this review synthesizes research on one of the U.S.’s largest minority communities with the goals of better understanding how vulnerable populations cope with climate change and integrating them into climate action and policy.