创建语篇分析语用模式的必要性及其哲学基础

文章探讨了语篇分析和语用学这两个语言学分相学科的关系,说明两者结合的可能性。创建语篇分析语用模式,不仅有利于语篇分析体系的完善,而且有助于语用学学科的成熟发展。文章从语篇的交际活动性质、认知活动性质以及语篇活动性质出发,阐述了创建语篇分析语用模式的哲学基础。     

浅谈语篇分析中的"小句关系"对英语教学的新启示

在英语教学中,人们一接触到句子分析这个概念时,多是从传统的语法分析入手,依次找出句子中主语,谓语和宾语,然后再找出定语,状语和补足语.在谈到句际关系时,又多从结构和逻辑的角度出发,将句际关系大致界定在并列句,复合句和从句这几种有限的语法关系上.谈及语言,人们都知道语言是由三个重要部分组成的语法(语言形式),意义和功能.直到现在,人们才渐渐认识到离一层次的语言教学(篇章语法和语篇分析)对于学生了解语言的机理十分有益.Vivian Zamel认为在实际的语言操作中,"构语"能力要比语言知识显得更为重要.因此,现代的语言教学应该超越传统,不能仅仅局限于"词与句子"水平上的英语教学,而应该通过具有具体语境的语篇(完整的单位语段)来进行教学.本篇文章拟对语篇分析中的"小句关系"以及其对意义层面上的英语教学的启发作用进行一些探讨.     

“按说”的话语标记性及语篇功能

按说是一个话语标记,它通常关联三个语篇单位:A.陈述某个事实依据;B.依照常理推导出一个结论命题;C.陈述与此命题相反的另一事实。按说具有表示推测的传信功能,可靠性等级居中。在语篇中,有衔接AB和BC的功能,常常能起到承上启下的作用。     

主题、焦点与主题焦点

文章主要考察了主题、焦点与主题焦点这三个语言学概念。作者提出主题是一个句法概念,其基础生成于小句首的位置。而焦点是一个话语功能的概念,其只能附加在非主题成分上,所谓主题焦点,只是具有对比功能的主题,与同时具有突出功能的焦点不宜混为一谈。     

篇章语序的顺应性研究——以《红楼梦》为分析对象

Verschueren的语言顺应理论以一个新的视角,即动态语境,来分析研究篇章语序。篇章交际过程就是语境因素与语言选择相顺应的过程,语言的顺应性是篇章交际的一种实现策略,语言使用者选定特定的语序是为了能够接近或实现自己的交际目的。鲁迅先生曾经说过,《红楼梦》的有些地方是"能使读者由说话看出人来的",故本文试图以Verschueren的顺应理论来探讨《红楼梦》中人物在语言的使用过程中如何组织语序来达到自己的交际目的。     

媒介对农民工话语表述分析

就当前主流媒介对农民工的话语呈现中存在的问题,在典型调查的基础上,分析其呈现的基本态势,提出推进媒介向本质化目标发展的路径,以便更好地发挥媒介的社会职能.     

《红字》中的人性与科学

霍桑在他的代表作《红字》中,从人性的角度出发,让我们看到人是善和恶的混合体.人性在善和恶之间摇摆,人所掌握的科学也随之或造福人类或危害人类的幸福.     

从网络舆情看大学生网络话语权的实现与引导

网络舆情的发展打破了传统话语权模式，创新了话语表达方式，促进了大学生话语权的实现。但在网络话语权实现过程中，大学生常表现出话语权利意识扭曲、话语自主性迷失、话语权行使非理性等问题。应该从鼓励与培育、对话与认同、定向与规制几个方面进行引导。     

Security or insecurity? Representations of the UK border in public and policy discourses

This article analyses representations of the UK border (in relation to migration) in UK public and policy discourses. It uses methods from corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis to compare the two discursive domains. A 26 million-word corpus of policy documentation and British newspaper articles published between 2007 and 2014 is examined using the analysis tool Sketch Engine and applying qualitative concordance analysis. The analysis reveals a key difference between the two domains: while the UK border is represented as a security concept in the policy corpus, the corpus of the public newspaper domain frequently and saliently represents the UK border as a concept dominated by insecurity. The article argues that the discursive label of European Union has played a role in contributing to this difference.     

The interpreter as institutional gatekeeper: The social-linguistic role of interpreters in Spanish-English medical discourse

Increases in immigration have led to an enormous growth in the number of cross-linguistic medical encounters taking place throughout the United States. In this article the role of hospital-based interpreters in cross-linguistic, internal medicine ‘medical interviews’ is examined. The interpreter's actions are analyzed against the historical and institutional context within which she is working, and also with an eye to the institutional goals that frame the patient-physician discourse. Interpreters are found not to be acting as ‘neutral’ machines of semantic conversion, but are rather shown to be active participants in the process of diagnosis. Since this process hinges on the evaluation of social and medical relevance of patient contributions to the discourse, the interpreter can be seen as an additional institutional gatekeeper for the recent immigrants for whom she is interpreting. Cross-linguistic medical interviews may also be viewed as a form of cross-cultural interaction; in this light, the larger political ramifications of the interpreters' actions are explored. ‘Interpreters are the most powerful people in a medical conversation.’ Head of Interpreting Services at a major private U.S. hospital, May 1999.