The labour market flexibility debate in India: Re‐examining the case for signing voluntary contracts

A major focus of India's ongoing policy debate over labour market flexibilization has been the statutory requirement that firms employing 100 or more workers cannot dismiss employees without prior government permission. The case for repealing that requirement (or greatly increasing the workforce threshold) is notably underpinned by Basu, Fields and Debgupta (2009). Here, the author challenges their particular theoretical argument for hiring and firing at will based on the voluntary signing of contracts, demonstrating that their general policy conclusion is logically unsustainable even within the framework of that model. The case for labour market flexibilization through voluntary contracting thus remains unfounded.     

Testing Wagner's Law in India: A cointegration and causality analysis

The present study empirically analyzes the validity of Wagner's Law for Indian economy. With the use of annual time series data from 1970–71 to 2013–14, all the six versions of Wagner's Law have been analyzed to test the relationship between government expenditure and gross domestic product. Wagner's Law states that the economic growth is the causative factor of the growth of the public expenditure. The study applied the unit root test and cointegration test to find the long-run relationship between government expenditure and gross domestic product. The present study employed the various econometric techniques such as unit root test, cointegration, and causality analysis for empirical analysis. The empirical analysis under study inferred mixed results of Wagner's Law for Indian economy, where four versions, namely Peacock, Gupta, Guffman, and Musgrave, found valid for Indian economy. The study concluded that the Wagner's Law is valid for the Indian economy except the Pryor and Mann Versions of the Wagner's Law.     

The Role of Lumber Networks in Forest Devastation: Economic Sociology of Rural Forest Household Business in Japan

In this article, I utilize the perspectives of economic sociology to examine the structural background of forest devastation in Japan. First, I explore the factors behind cited problems for the forestry industry and demonstrate that expanded imports of inexpensively priced foreign-sourced logs do not sufficiently explain those issues. On that basis, I then demonstrate that the concepts and analytical tools offered by economic sociology are essential to a full understanding of relevant problems. Next, to understand how the current crisis differs from that experienced by forestry households in the 1980s, I turn my focus to changes in the social networks that supported the trade in wood products. The crisis witnessed a transformation that involved disembedding sawmills from the traditional wood trading networks that had relied on cooperative ties with forestry households. Eventually, social relationships between forestry households and sawmills were severed and these households became unable to address their economic difficulties through their existing practices. Given that context, I then examine the contrasting economic behavior of sawmills and forestry households and demonstrate that exposure to global price competition forced forestry households into uncontrolled over-cutting. Finally, I assert that economic sociology is better able to provide a more precise understanding of the true nature of the problems facing forestry in modern-day Japan than conventional economics with its adherence to the useful but insufficient principles of market competition and economic efficiency.     

新型城市化背景下的高职教育与广州经济社会联动发展探析

在全球化浪潮席卷和本土化经营并存态势下,面对广州新型城市化发展、智慧城市建设、产业转型升级、产业融合以及新行业、新岗位(群)不断涌现,作为服务广州经济社会发展的高职教育应积极"响应"和强化人才培养、科学研究与社会服务功能,办出特色,促进学院专业建设、教学质量、科研水平、办学效益再上新台阶。本文以广州城市职业学院为例,结合自身的办学特色和优势,围绕高职教育服务广州经济社会发展的运行规律和客观要求,遵循校企社政四方共建平台原则、高职教育与社会服务互促互进原则,进行新型城市化背景下的高职教育与广州经济社会联动发展研究,并提出相关建议。     

A Framework for Analyzing the Economic Tradeoffs Between Urban Commerce and Security Against Terrorism

This article presents a framework for economic consequence analysis of terrorism countermeasures. It specifies major categories of direct and indirect costs, benefits, spillover effects, and transfer payments that must be estimated in a comprehensive assessment. It develops a spreadsheet tool for data collection, storage, and refinement, as well as estimation of the various components of the necessary economic accounts. It also illustrates the usefulness of the framework in the first assessment of the tradeoffs between enhanced security and changes in commercial activity in an urban area, with explicit attention to the role of spillover effects. The article also contributes a practical user interface to the model for emergency managers.     

论高校经济责任审计

近年来,高校腐败现象时有发生,腐败案件呈现多发态势,高校领导干部的经济责任审计作为新时期干部监督管理的重要组成部分,对加强高校的党风廉政建设,改善经济管理,提高办学效益,正发挥越来越重要的作用。通过对高校经济责任审计现状与存在主要问题的剖析,从完善法律法规、规范评价标准、审计关口前移、加强队伍建设、组织协调配合、建立审计成果共享制度等方面提出了完善经济责任审计的建议和对策,在高校建立一套科学合理的经济责任审计长效机制,进一步推进高校经济责任审计工作的开展。     

Exploring gaps in the online economic inclusion of persons with disabilities in Korea

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the difference in the online economic activities of people with and without disabilities in Korea. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to investigate the impact of socioeconomic characteristics, internet access, and internet skills on online economic activities. Our sample, based on a 2016 dataset that included 1554 people with disabilities and 6004 people without disabilities, was developed using quota sampling based on gender, age, and residence. We determined that individuals with disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they had higher levels of education, lived in urban areas, were employed, or had greater internet skills. Individuals without disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they were women, had higher levels of education, were employed, lived in a two-generation or more household, or had greater internet skills. For both people with and without disabilities, the level of education, employment status, and internet skills positively contribute to online economic activites. We also determined that education level, participation in economic activity, living in a two-generation or more household, and internet skills had a statistically significant influence on online economic activity for people both with and without disabilities. These results highlight the importance of education and internet training for people with disabilities, as well as social support systems that help them learn to use the internet in diverse ways through both formal and informal networks. The study also underscores the importance of information and communications technology that adequately addresses people’s needs.     

论古籍编撰活动中的编辑思想

古籍四部编撰的内容和形式都蕴含了大量的编辑思想。经部列为四部之首,与其说是统领作用的原因,不如说是对它"经天地、纬阴阳、正纪纲、弘道德"的认定,传承经学、弘扬儒家的思想十分鲜明。无论官修史书还是私人撰史,史书编撰体裁之纪传体、编年体、纪事本末体和历代政治制度类史籍的编写方法都力求真实、客观、公正。子部类目在各古籍分类法中的位置上下动荡,或紧跟经部,或在史部之后,反映出各朝代及目录编辑者对子部书籍地位重要性认识的态度。历代文编的编辑思想集中体现在文籍之内容、文编篇章之选择和对笔记小说的充分肯定等方面。图书形制、不同载体材料以及插图等也都成为表达编辑思想的重要方法。     

语言全球化背景下外语教育的经济学思考

语言全球化表现为语言濒危全球化和英语霸权全球化。语言是一种人力资本,外语教育是一种经济投资。适应英语全球化发展要求,改变中国"费时低效"的外语教育现状,加速中国的经济发展,就必须重视外语教育的经济投资与经济效益。以语言全球化和外语教育现状为现实出发点,以经济语言学理论为指导,采用定性分析的方法,探讨从语言经济学的角度发展外语教育的现实意义,提出改革中国外语教育的可行性对策。     

新时期贪污贿赂犯罪防控问题研究——基于法经济学视角的实证分析

贪污贿赂犯罪人员利用职权谋取私利具有经济学理性特征，因此，其行为必然遵从经济学的基本法则。用经济分析的方法研究了贪污贿赂犯罪的产生机理，探讨了贪污贿赂犯罪的预防措施。基于犯罪经济成本收益理论，通过实证分析，认为应增大犯罪成本，控制犯罪收益，以有效预防和减少贪污贿赂犯罪。