Making the Best of a Bad Job? Female Part‐Timers’ Orientations and Attitudes to Work

This article uses data from 50 qualitative interviews with female part‐time workers in low‐level jobs in Britain to illustrate their attitudes, orientations and aspirations towards paid work. The research reports two main findings. Firstly, even female part‐time workers at the bottom end of the occupational structure are not a homogeneous group of workers. Secondly, they are not all highly satisfied with their jobs. The article argues that many women (especially those in working‐class households) still do not have a genuine choice between ‘family work’ and ‘market work’. It concludes by presenting a theoretical model of orientations to work.     

民间文学的收集整理与人类学研究--以洪水神话和族群认同研究为例

本文以西南和中南少数民族民间故事中的洪水神话对人类学族群认同研究的作用为例,说明民间文学作品对人类学研究的作用.指出,由于民间文学收集整理方面的原因,致使它作为人类学研究资料具有不足之处.     

Using a computer simulation game to teach family time use concepts

A computer simulation game designed to give students insights into family time use concepts has been used in an introductory family resource management class at Ohio State University and other universities. The game allows for planning for time use changes over the family life cycle. The game can give students insights into economic and sociological models of time use. It is possible that future versions of the game could be used in family counseling.His research interests include derivation of optimal decision-making rules for families and family financial management.Her research interests include financial management over the life course including financial ratios, baby boomers, and retirement. She received her Ph.D. in 1993 from The Ohio State University in Family Resource Management.His research interests include the time trade-offs made between couples, financial planning over the life cycle, and the interaction of time and money between families and their home-based businesses. He received his Ph.D. in 1993 from The Ohio State University in Family Resource Management.     

我国各民族交往交流交融的空间生产与实践路径

各民族交往交流交融是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的路径选择。民族社会结构的存在和发展为各民族交往交流交融提供了可实现的行动空间及空间生产基础,运用空间生产理论对民族交往交流交融的空间生产与空间结构进行分析,即各民族交往的物质空间生产是基于共同利益与互惠发展的经济交往、各民族交流的符号空间生产是注重共有价值和情感寄托的文化交流、各民族交融的精神空间生产是强调生活互嵌和共生体验的精神交融。基于此,加强各民族交往交流交融的实践路径应是推动民族地区经济交往,构建以平衡互惠为原则的多民族经济圈;促进民族乡土文化交流,发展以情感共鸣为重心的乡村文化中心;深化各族群众生活交融,规划以结构互嵌为内核的社区公共空间。通过上述路径,达成铸牢中华民族共同体意识的根本目标。     

清末民初桂西北壮汉瑶三族群际接触的 作用机制及当代启示 ——基于高甲布努瑶歌文本的研究

高甲布努瑶歌文本是瑶族用壮族古壮字传抄并以北部壮语方言为主要演述语言的民间口承文献。桂西北壮汉瑶三族交错杂居的分布特征为群际接触提供重要场域,也为民族交往交流交融奠定空间基础。受接触场景中政治、交通、经济与教育等各种因素的影响,清末民初桂西北壮汉瑶三族的群际接触分为积极与消极两种接触情况,其群际接触的中介变量包括群体间的依存关系、群际互动、群际情绪和认知因素等,这些中介变量所凝练出的历史经验对当前推动民族交流交融仍具有重要的启示意义。     

Origins and destinies: Immigration to the United States since World War II

Contemporary immigration to the United States and the formation of new ethnic groups are the complex and unintended social consequences of the expansion of the nation to its post-World War II position of global hegemony. Immigrant communities in the United States today are related to a history of American military, political, economic, and cultural involvement and intervention in the sending countries, especially in Asia and the Caribbean Basin, and to the linkages that are formed in the process that open a variety of legal and illegal migration pathways. The 19.8 million foreign-born persons counted in the 1990 U.S. census formed the largest immigrant population in the world, though in relative terms, only 7.9% of the U.S. population was foreign-born, a lower proportion than earlier in this century. Today's immigrants are extraordinarily diverse, a reflection of polar-opposite types of migrations embedded in very different historical and structural contexts. Also, unlike the expanding economy that absorbed earlier flows from Europe, since the 1970s new immigrants have entered an hourglass economy with reduced opportunities for social mobility, particularly among the less educated, and new waves of refugees have entered a welfare state with expanded opportunities for public assistance. This paper seeks to make sense of the new diversity. A typology of contemporary immigrants is presented, and their patterns of settlement, their distinctive social and economic characteristics compared to major native-born racial-ethnic groups, and their different modes of incorporation in—and consequences for—American society are considered.     

Professor mom: Woman's work in a man's world

This essay identifies parallels between the traits assigned to gender work roles and the teaching/research division of labor at research universities. The character and definition of undergraduate teaching at research universities is very similar to what has often been described as women's work.     

Homework and domestic work

This study assesses two competing theories about the extent to which homework—paid work in the home—helps integrate work and domestic roles for men and women. Contrasting male and female homeworkers with their counterparts working outside the home, it supports some aspects of both the resource and role overload theories, but predominantly the role overload perspective. Homeworkers, especially in the working class, experience less interference between job and family life, but perform more housework and child care. They have no more leisure time nor greater marital satisfaction than those working outside the home, but receive more family assistance with their paid jobs, suggesting that they combine tasks from their first and second shifts. Working at home does not break down gender roles in domestic life. Despite time saved from commuting, male homeworkers perform no more housework than comparable men working outside the home. Thus, the gender division of unpaid household labor is not simply a matter of resources or spatial logistics.An earlier version was presented at the meetings of the Eastern Sociological Society, Providence, Rhode Island, April 1991.     

利益分化格局下中国共产党意识形态整合工作提优策略

改革开放以来,伴随着经济结构的深度调整,社会结构的快速转型,社会阶层的持续分化,导致利益结构的深刻变化,呈现利益诉求多样化、利益关系复杂化、利益差距显著化的特征,致使中国共产党的意识形态整合工作面临引导力被弱化、凝聚力被消解、包容力被降低等诸多障碍。为巩固党的执政基础,强化主流意识形态对社会群体思想的有效整合,必须坚持“一元主导”与“多样共存”的同向发展理念,培育社会各利益群体共同遵循的价值共识,增强党和人民辨别非主流意识形态的判断能力,创新以主流意识形态立体网络为载体的整合手段。     

十八大以来习近平青年工作思想及其意义

党的十八大以来,习近平青年工作思想是在继承和发展马克思列宁主义青年工作思想、中国共产党高度重视青年工作优良传统的基础上,回应新时代青年工作不断发展创新的现实需要而提出的。这一思想强调青年理想信念教育、本领学识培养、成长成才服务和青年组织深化改革,实现了中国共产党青年工作思想的与时俱进,进一步推动了我国青年组织的优化升级,为广大青年的健康成长提供了正确指引。